Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elena Spinelli, Antonio Pesenti, Gianluca Lopez, Anna Damia, Francesco Damarco, Erica Garbelli, Gaia Dal Santo, Alessio Caccioppola, Giorgio Giudici, Virginia Figgiaconi, Osvaldo Biancolilli, Michele Battistin, Caterina Lonati, Valentina Vaira, Lorenzo Rosso, Stefano Ferrero, Stefano Gatti, Tommaso Mauri
Summary: In a model of unilateral ligation of the pulmonary artery, inhaled CO2 but not hypercapnia grants bilateral lung protection by reducing overdistension of the non-ligated lung and increasing perfusion of the ligated lung.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Mingjia Zheng
Summary: Cumulative evidence shows that the ventilatory ratio is closely related to mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and increased dead space is a primary feature in COVID-19-ARDS. Therefore, attention has been focused on dead space ventilation-related indices such as physiological dead space fraction, ventilatory ratio, and end-tidal-to-arterial PCO2 ratio. These indices have been used in PEEP titration, prediction of prone position response, and extracorporeal life support for ARDS patients. Although there are limitations, these indices can help in stratifying and identifying subphenotypes for individualized therapy.
Article
Biology
Caroline B. Ferreira, Talita M. Silva, Phelipe E. Silva, Claudio L. Castro, Catherine Czeisler, Jose J. Otero, Ana C. Takakura, Thiago S. Moreira
Summary: Mutations in the Phox2b gene, specifically the non-polyalanine repeat expansion mutations (NPARM) form, were found to affect respiratory control and the number of certain neurons. This study contributes to our understanding of the neuropathology of congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) and provides new evidence for the mechanisms underlying NPARM CCHS.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amy H. Attaway, Jihane Faress, Frank Jacono, Srinivasan Dasarathy
Summary: The study revealed that increasing oxygen fraction without adjusting flow rate may exacerbate hypercapnia in COPD patients. Therefore, careful titration of oxygen therapy is essential, especially in COPD patients with baseline hypercapnia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Anesthesiology
Roberta Maj, Paola Palermo, Simone Gattarello, Serena Brusatori, Rosanna D'Albo, Carmelo Zinnato, Mara Velati, Federica Romitti, Mattia Busana, Johannes Wieditz, Peter Herrmann, Onnen Moerer, Micheal Quintel, Konrad Meissner, Barnaby Sanderson, Davide Chiumello, John J. Marini, Luigi Camporota, Luciano Gattinoni
Summary: Ventilatory ratio (VR) is a useful measure associated with outcome, but its absolute value is influenced by venous admixture and CO2 volume expired per minute (VCO2), which are not directly related to ventilation. Adjusting for VD/VTphys, VCO2, and PaO2/FiO2, VR is not independently associated with mortality.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Aline C. G. Rocha, Caroline Cristina-Silva, Camila L. Taxini, Kaoma Stephani da Costa Silva, Virginia T. M. Lima, Marcos Macari, Kenia C. Bicego, Raphael E. Szawka, Luciane H. Gargaglioni
Summary: Thermal manipulation during the first days of incubation can affect physiological parameters in chicken embryos, with females being more susceptible to changes in ventilation, body temperature, and oxygen consumption compared to males. The effects include differences in body weight, heart mass, respiratory function, and brain neurotransmitter turnover.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Alessandro Santini, Alessandro Protti, Michele Ferrari, Francesca Pennati, Luca Pugliese, Cesare Mercalli, Andrea Aliverti, Maurizio Cecconi
Summary: The pathogenesis of hypoxemia in acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection is still debated. This observational study found that in a subset of patients, hypoxemia might be explained by an abnormally high perfusion of a relatively low anatomical shunt.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Natalia Danek, Kamil Michalik, Marek Zaton
Summary: This study investigated the effect of using a device that increases respiratory dead space volume during warm-up on performance, physiological and biochemical responses during sprint interval cycling exercise. The results showed that warming up with the added respiratory dead space volume mask increased body temperature and buffering capacity, resulting in improved work capacity.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Luis Morales-Quinteros, Ary Serpa Neto, Antonio Artigas, Lluis Blanch, Michela Botta, David A. Kaufman, Marcus J. Schultz, Anissa M. Tsonas, Frederique Paulus, Lieuwe D. Bos
Summary: Estimates of wasted ventilation, such as the dead space fraction and ventilatory ratio, were significantly higher in non-survivors compared to survivors among COVID-19-related ARDS patients. However, quantifying this impairment of ventilation did not add prognostic information beyond baseline risk factors in this study.
Article
Neurosciences
Benjamin J. Narang, Giorgio Manferdelli, Nicolas Bourdillon, Gregoire P. Millet, Tadej Debevec
Summary: Pre-term birth is associated with physiological effects on ventilatory responsiveness, but overall ventilation is similar to term-born individuals under various environmental conditions.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Theodore Dassios, Emma E. Williams, Ourania Kaltsogianni, Anne Greenough
Summary: This study aimed to quantify the association between elevated carbon dioxide levels and impaired oxygenation in preterm infants. The results showed a significant correlation between increased carbon dioxide levels and decreased oxygenation.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Aline C. G. Rocha, Luis Gustavo A. Patrone, Caroline Cristina-Silva, Kaoma Stephani da Costa Silva, Kenia C. Bicego, Raphael E. Szawka, Luciane H. Gargaglioni
Summary: In this study, we evaluated the response of 14-day-old chicks to cold stress under different thermal conditions during embryogenesis. The results indicate that LT females and HT males are more sensitive to cold stress.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Kaczynska, Magdalena Ewa Orlowska, Kryspin Andrzejewski
Summary: Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that leads to movement disorders and respiratory impairments due to the loss of dopaminergic neurons. This narrative review summarizes the existing literature on respiratory impairments in both human studies and animal models, as well as the impact of central respiratory control and pharmacological treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Jan Stepanek, Rebecca S. Blue, Desmond Connolly
Summary: Human spaceflight is experiencing increased activity through collaboration between governmental and private industry entities, with successful missions planned for destinations in low Earth orbit, lunar destinations, and Mars exploration. Construction of commercial space stations will ensure continued presence in low Earth orbit and provide opportunities for commercial spaceflight participants. The challenges faced by humans in space include gravitational forces, microgravity, physiological changes during adaptation to weightlessness, ambient pressure, and mission-specific stressors. Close collaboration between pulmonary and aerospace medicine specialists is crucial to ensure safety, proper clinical management, and success in these endeavors.
SEMINARS IN RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Nasimi A. Guluzade, Joshua D. Huggard, Randi R. Keltz, James Duffin, Daniel A. Keir
Summary: This study assessed the test-retest variability of respiratory chemoreflex characterization and found that signal averaging of repeated trials improves confidence in parameter estimation and improves its discriminatory effect.
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)