Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Johan Jakobsson, Jana De Brandt, Andre Nyberg
Summary: This study aims to compare the acute physiological responses and chronic adaptations to exercise training in people with COPD compared with people without COPD. The methodology includes a systematic review of randomized controlled trials, non-randomized studies of interventions, and cross-sectional studies, with outcomes covering various aspects such as cardiorespiratory, muscular, and cognitive function.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Liyan Zhang, Peijing Yan, Kehu Yang, Shanlian Wu, Yuping Bai, Xinyu Zhu, Xiaojie Chen, Li Li, Yunshan Cao, Min Zhang
Summary: This study found a higher prevalence of splenectomy in patients with CTEPH compared to those with pulmonary arterial hypertension, as well as a significantly higher incidence compared to patients with thromboembolic diseases. Further high-quality prospective trials are needed to confirm the association between splenectomy and CTEPH.
Review
Sport Sciences
Pablo Galan-Lopez, Rafael A. Casuso
Summary: In this study, the metabolic adaptations induced by morning and afternoon training were compared. It was found that afternoon exercise was more effective in reducing circulating triglyceride levels and potentially fasting blood glucose than morning training.
Review
Allergy
Russell J. Hopp, Mark Wilson, M. Asghar Pasha
Summary: Standard spirometry is widely used in pediatric asthma management, with limited data on FEV1 bronchodilator response in children since 2016. Other parameters of pulmonary function testing in children have been more extensively documented in recent years.
Article
Respiratory System
Felix Chua, Rama Vancheeswaran, Adrian Draper, Tejal Vaghela, Matthew Knight, Rahul Mogal, Jaswinder Singh, Lisa G. Spencer, Erica Thwaite, Harry Mitchell, Sam Calmonson, Noor Mahdi, Shershah Assadullah, Matthew Leung, Aisling O'Neill, Chhaya Popat, Radhika Kumar, Thomas Humphries, Rebecca Talbutt, Sarika Raghunath, Philip L. Molyneaux, Miriam Schechter, Jeremy Lowe, Andrew Barlow
Summary: The study aimed to develop and validate a prediction table as an objective marker of lung disease severity in very preterm infants. The findings suggest that using the validated table to predict shift values enables objective bedside screening of lung disease severity in very preterm infant cohorts at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA).
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Antonella LoMauro, Andrea Aliverti
Summary: Progressive chest wall adaptation occurs during pregnancy due to hormonal and uterine changes. The chest wall geometry, particularly the thoracic alterations, undergoes modifications, including a shift in ribcage position to accommodate the enlarging uterus. The enlarging uterus, diaphragm, and abdominal muscles engage in a cycle of stretching and conditioning to prepare for labor. The supine position may hinder the action of abdominal muscles during forced expiration at the end of pregnancy.
BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Eleanor C. Mackle, Joanna M. Coote, Elizabeth Carr, Callum D. Little, Gijs van Soest, Adrien E. Desjardins
Summary: Fibre optic sensors are increasingly being used to directly measure blood flow within human vasculature, providing valuable information about local blood velocity and flow parameters. Their integration into medical devices allows for intravascular measurements that are otherwise difficult to obtain, particularly in applications like flow within coronary arteries.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Yi Zeng, Haifeng Song, Linchao Xia, Le Yang, Sheng Zhang
Summary: Long-lived tree species like poplars need to defend against changing environments and pathogens throughout their lifetime. Poplars have developed different defense strategies against necrotrophic and biotrophic fungi, including constitutive and induced defenses, recognition of fungi through receptor and resistance proteins, and the production of protective compounds. This paper reviews current research on poplar defensive responses to fungi, covering physiological and genetic aspects, as well as the role of noncoding RNA in fungal resistance. The review also offers strategies for enhancing poplar disease resistance and suggests future research directions.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Philippe St-Jean, Osborne Grant Clark, Michael Jemtrud
Summary: The impact of building architecture on human psychology and physiology is significant, with certain design features influencing human behavior, health, and happiness. However, further research is needed to validate some of the claimed effects in architecture.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Hyungjin Kim, Kwang Nam Jin, Seung-Jin Yoo, Chang Hoon Lee, Sang-Min Lee, Hyunsook Hong, Joseph Nathanael Witanto, Soon Ho Yoon
Summary: A deep learning-based multidimensional model was developed to estimate total lung capacity from chest radiographs and demographic variables, and its technical performance and clinical utility were validated using multicenter retrospective data sets.
Article
Sport Sciences
J. O. R. E. N. BUEKERS, P. A. T. R. I. C. K. DE BOEVER, J. A. N. THEUNIS, S. A. R. A. H. HOUBEN-WILKE, A. N. O. U. K. W. VAES, F. R. I. T. S. M. E. FRANSSEN, E. M. I. E. L. F. M. WOUTERS, S. A. M. I. O. SIMONS, JEAN-MARIE AERTS, M. A. R. T. I. J. N. A. SPRUIT
Summary: The effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on physiological exercise responses in COPD patients vary between responders and nonresponders. Responders showed significant improvements in endurance time and breathing patterns after PR, while nonresponders did not exhibit similar improvements. These physiological changes are associated with the variable improvements in physical performance seen in COPD patients after PR.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2021)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Jaqueline Candido de Carvalho, Fabiana Ferreira Souza, John Patrick Kastelic, Joao Carlos Pinheiro Ferreira
Summary: South America, being the most biodiverse continent, is home to 11 species of canids. However, little is known about the reproductive biology of these species, which poses challenges for conservation programs.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Fisheries
Daniel Lemos, Delphine Weissman
Summary: The importance of moulting for growth in farmed shrimp is crucial, with successful ecdysis depending on health, nutrition, and environmental conditions. Different stages in the moulting cycle play various roles, and efficient management and prediction of moulting can lead to significant feed savings. Factors like moon phases may also influence moulting in shrimp farming.
REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Yonathan Freund, Fleur Cohen-Aubart, Ben Bloom
Summary: This article discusses the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment methods of pulmonary embolism (PE). Diagnosis of PE can be made through evaluation of clinical probability, D-dimer testing, and chest imaging. Treatment options for PE include direct oral anticoagulants and systemic thrombolysis, depending on the patient's characteristics and clinical probability. The treatment plan for PE should be determined based on the patient's systolic blood pressure.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jeronimo Aragon-Vela, Olivia Gonzalez-Acevedo, Julio Plaza-Diaz, Rafael A. Casuso, Jesus R. Huertas
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of seawater consumption in long-duration sport events. The results indicate that consuming seawater can accelerate the recovery of aerobic capacity and muscle capacity, while reducing lactate production after running exercise.