Article
Biodiversity Conservation
David Owino Manoa, Stephen Melubo, Simon Kasaine, Penny Banham, Jacob Willie, Tim Oloo, Elizabeth Greengrass, Nikki Tagg
Summary: As habitats shrink in Kenya's Amboseli Ecosystem, lion depredation on livestock poses a threat to the livelihoods of pastoralist communities and the lion populations. Coexistence of people and carnivores on a large scale is vital for the long-term survival of threatened animal populations. Reinforcing traditional bomas to protect against predators can reduce nighttime livestock depredation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Naomi X. Louchouarn, Adrian Treves
Summary: Given the ecological importance of top predators, societies are adopting non-lethal methods, such as low-stress livestock handling (L-SLH), for coexistence. A randomized controlled experiment in Southwestern Alberta evaluated the effectiveness of L-SLH in deterring grizzly bears, gray wolves, cougars, black bears, and coyotes. The study found that inexperienced range riders, trained and supervised by an experienced rider, did not increase or decrease the risk to cattle. Furthermore, predators did not shift to the cattle herds with fewer range riders, suggesting that L-SLH was effective in deterring predators.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Marine Drouilly, Nicoli Nattrass, M. Justin O'Riain
Summary: The use of poison as a lethal control method on small-livestock farmland has a negative impact on biodiversity and ecosystem health globally. Commercial farmers in the Central Karoo perceive lethal methods to be more cost-effective and successful in protecting their livestock from predation. The reported use of poison is higher than other estimates in southern Africa and is influenced by perceived efficacy, declining on-farm employment, perceived threats of predators, and terrain ruggedness.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ningze Yang, Ziwei Liu, Yuxi Lin, Yongliang Yang
Summary: Improving public health is crucial for sustainable human development and economic growth. However, increasing environmental pollution poses a threat. Implementing environmental regulation policy is essential for controlling pollution and achieving public health. This study examines the impact of environmental regulation on public health.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Andrew W. Claridge, Guy Ballard, Gerhard Koertner, Peter J. S. Fleming, Trent Forge, Abby Hine
Summary: The study investigated the impact of aerial baiting on female spotted-tailed quolls and their pouch young during spring in New South Wales. No direct mortality of adult females or higher pouch young mortality was observed, and the development of pouch young was unaffected by the baiting. These findings are consistent with previous studies showing no population-level impacts of 1080 baits on spotted-tailed quolls.
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Matthew S. Becker, Joao Almeida, Colleen Begg, Laura Bertola, Christine Breitenmoser, Urs Breitenmoser, Peter Coals, Paul Funston, Angela Gaylard, Rosemary Groom, Philipp Henschel, Dennis Ikanda, Agostinho Jorge, Johan Kruger, Peter Lindsey, Howard Maimbo, Roseline Mandisodza-Chikerema, Glynn Maude, Moreangels Mbizah, Susan M. Miller, Edwin Mudongo, Henry Mwape, Thandiwe Mweetwa, Vincent Naude, Vincent R. Nyirenda, Andrew Parker, Daniel Parker, Craig Reid, Ashley Robson, Ed Sayer, S. A. Jeanetta Selier, Mwamba Sichande, Chuma Simukonda, Kenneth Uiseb, Vivienne L. Williams, Dennis Zimba, Luke Hunter
Summary: Lions, as the top predators in African ecosystems, have experienced a significant decline in their historical range and few countries have stable populations. Translocations, which involve capturing and moving lions for various management purposes, have become popular, but poorly conceived or unsuitable translocations pose challenges for conservation efforts. Translocations can contribute to the recovery of wild lion populations and address threats, but they can also divert attention, waste funding, exacerbate conflict, disrupt population dynamics, and harm genetic integrity.
FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Entomology
Warin Klakankhai, Sunaiyana Sathantriphop, Ratchadawan Ngoenklan, Nsa Dada, Vithee Muenworn, Tassanee Khawniam, Krajana Tainchum
Summary: Livestock farming is reducing the use of synthetic insecticides due to insect pests' resistance. Plant-based bioinsecticides are being considered as alternatives. This study investigated the effectiveness of essential oils from Syzygium aromaticum, Cinnamomum porrectum, and Litsea cubeba against Musca domestica and Stomoxys indicus. The results showed that Cinnamomum porrectum was the most effective against Musca domestica, while Syzygium aromaticum was the most toxic to Stomoxys indicus. However, more data is needed to evaluate their effects under realistic conditions.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
David Kiiza, Thomas Denagamage, Renata Serra, Fiona Maunsell, Gregory Kiker, Bibiana Benavides, Jorge A. Hernandez
Summary: The systematic review evaluated published economic assessments of brucellosis control interventions in livestock populations. The findings showed that vaccination alone was cost-effective, while test-and-slaughter was not. Vaccination in combination with test-and-slaughter produced profitable or nonprofitable economic outcomes.
PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yongfu Liu, Shuai Guan
Summary: This paper examines the impact of environmental regulation on the upgrading of urban industrial structure in China using the two control zones policy implemented in 1998 as a quasi-natural experiment. The results show that the policy has significantly promoted the upgrading of urban industrial structure and has long-term effects. Furthermore, there is heterogeneity in the effects across different city scales and regions.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Carol Bogezi, Lily M. van Eeden, Aaron J. Wirsing, John M. Marzluff
Summary: Impacts of large carnivores on rural livelihoods can lead to economic liability and fear among residents, resulting in social conflicts. Interviews with ranchers in Washington state revealed that motivations for participating in non-lethal predator management strategies included positive interactions with wildlife officials and understanding the importance of wolves to the ecosystem. Barriers to participation included disdain for regulations and negative attitudes towards wolf recovery. Addressing sociopolitical and economic factors is crucial for wildlife managers to encourage rancher participation in mitigation strategies.
FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Mark N. Le Pla, Emma K. Birnbaum, Matthew W. Rees, Bronwyn A. Hradsky, Andrew R. Weeks, Anthony Van Rooyen, Jack H. Pascoe
Summary: In this study, the effectiveness of a lethal control program targeting red foxes in south-eastern Australia was evaluated through comparisons of a basic activity index and genetic sampling. The activity index showed variable results, while genetic sampling indicated little change in fox density. These results highlight the need for cautious interpretation of activity indices and the value of incorporating recent methodological and statistical advances in evaluating control programs.
Article
Ecology
Andrew Carter, Joanne M. Potts, Joanne Stephens, David A. Roshier
Summary: This study aims to assist wildlife managers in designing effective monitoring programs for foxes. The results suggest that the Allen-Engeman index derived from camera-trap data is a reliable indicator of changes in fox density and that spatially explicit methods augmented with GPS data provide robust estimates. However, these methods require more resources and expertise. The study also highlights the importance of longer monitoring periods conducted less frequently for more accurate population reflection.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Soovoojeet Jana, Anupam Khatua, Manotosh Mandal, Tapan Kumar Kar
Summary: This article proposes and analyzes a prey-predator-type ecological model relevant to pest control, studying the biological feasibility, local stability, and global stability of the system. Additionally, an optimal control problem is formulated and solved to determine the optimal pest control policy, with results illustrated through numerical simulations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODELLING AND SIMULATION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
John R. Leathwick, Andrea E. Byrom
Summary: We assess the recent rise of predation-focused conservation management in Aotearoa New Zealand and question if it will deliver outcomes consistent with biodiversity goals. We identify a shift in management emphasis towards predators and neglect of wild ungulates, despite their negative impacts on indigenous species. The imbalance in management effort, influenced by socio-political pressures, is unlikely to achieve biodiversity goals and highlights governance and leadership issues. We recommend changes in funding, clarity of goals, leadership, planning, coordination, and inclusion of ecological sciences in decision-making.
NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2023)