On non-Newtonian fluid flow generated via complex metachronal waves of cilia with magnetic, hall, and porous effects

Cilia beating influences bio-fluid flow, and conduits with ciliated surfaces serve numerous purposes. Cilia are hair-like adjuncts that produce liquid drive and cell locomotion. This novel research integrates magnetohydrodynamics, Hall effects, and porous medium with the cilia-driven flow. The developed problem is further simplified by utilizing famous assumptions, i.e., low Reynolds number and large wavelength. The bvp5c function in MATLAB (2023a) is adopted to achieve a convergent solution. The graphical illustrations of streamlines, pressure drop, and axial velocity under the influence of pertinent parameters are thoroughly examined. The findings suggest that when a high magnetic field (Hall current) and porous media are combined with the Carreau-Yasuda fluid, the pumping equipment operates better than the viscous liquid. In addition, fluid movement in biological organs is improved by metachronal ciliary motion. Furthermore, it is predicted that this study will make a significant contribution to biomedical engineering in terms of the upgrading and advancement of various types of drug-delivery technologies.

Automated summary

Cilia beating plays a crucial role in influencing bio-fluid flow. In this research, magnetohydrodynamics, Hall effects, and porous medium are integrated to study cilia-driven flow. By utilizing simplified assumptions and MATLAB's bvp5c function, a convergent solution is obtained. The findings suggest that combining a high magnetic field and porous media with Carreau-Yasuda fluid leads to improved performance of pumping equipment compared to viscous liquid. Additionally, the asynchronous motion of cilia-driven flow contributes to enhanced fluid movement in biological organs. It is predicted that this study will make a significant contribution to the advancement of various drug-delivery technologies in biomedical engineering.