Review
Clinical Neurology
Anatol G. Feldman, Mindy F. Levin, Alessandro Garofolini, Daniele Piscitelli, Lei Zhang
Summary: Human locomotion relies on stable body equilibrium and adjustments to a reference body configuration, with speed determined by the rate of configuration shifts. Muscle activation is based on deviation from the reference configuration.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Junkyung Song, Kitae Kim, Satyajit Ambike, Jaebum Park
Summary: This study investigates the synergistic control of digit referent coordinate and apparent stiffness in grip force generation. The results show that the apparent stiffness and width of the referent aperture are larger when holding a free handle than a fixed handle. The normal forces and control variables display synergistic covariation for stabilization of the total grasping force.
HUMAN MOVEMENT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Lei Zhang, Shelia Guberman, Anatol G. Feldman
Summary: Conventional computational theories are limited in their understanding of action and perception control. An alternative scheme proposes that the nervous system controls physical and neurophysiological parameters to determine the spatial frames of reference for action and perception. This control scheme explains visual receptive field remapping during eye movements and coordination of arm movements.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Otella Shoja, Farzad Towhidkhah, Hamidollah Hassanlouei, Mindy F. Levin, Alireza Bahramian, Sylvie Nadeau, Lei Zhang, Anatol G. Feldman
Summary: Human locomotion is likely the result of monotonic shifts in the position of the body in the environment, controlled by proprioceptive and visual feedback. This shift in body position is responsible for transferring stable body balance from one place to another, resulting in rhythmic muscle activity. The study confirmed predictions of this control scheme and identified neural structures involved in locomotion.
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Pietro Morasso
Summary: The human marionette is highly complex and multi-articulated, with various forms of redundancy. Understanding how the nervous system selects functional motor synergies is a challenging and important question. This essay suggests viewing cognitive agents as Generalized Information Processing Systems and investigating them through different levels of analysis. The essay also proposes using a force-field based approach to address the Degrees of Freedom Problem.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Liu Chen, Ying-Ying Zhou, Cong-Lei Huang, Zong-Long Wang, Ren Dai
Summary: In this study, the operation of vortex generators (VG) in a submerged flush waterjet inlet was numerically investigated to improve the flow quality entering the jet pump at low Inlet Velocity Ratio (IVR). The effects of VG orientation, angle of attack, height, and installation position were thoroughly analyzed. The results showed that a divergent configuration of VGs better suppressed flow separation, while excessive angles of attack and VG heights had negative effects. Parametric studies revealed that VGs performed best in the target duct with an angle of attack of 400 and a height of 20% of the bottom boundary layer thickness. Additionally, VGs installed along the keel of a ship effectively suppressed flow distortion and improved overall efficiency of the intake duct.
Review
Neurosciences
Daniel M. Corcos, Barbara M. Myklebust, Mark L. Latash
Summary: This paper reviews Gerry Gottlieb's contributions to the neural control of human movement, including studies on muscle reflexes, the dual-strategy hypothesis, and the principle of linear synergy. His research has provided a solid foundation for studying neurological diseases and their treatments, as well as a more comprehensive and parsimonious understanding of the neural control of human movement.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Askhat Diveev, Elizaveta Shmalko, Vladimir Serebrenny, Peter Zentay
Summary: This paper presents a new formulation of the optimal control problem with uncertainty, introducing the concept of feasibility of the mathematical model of the object. It shows that this feasibility property is crucial for the development of stable practical systems. The method proposed in the article aims to ensure system feasibility and stability, and is insensitive to uncertainties in the mathematical model of the object.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Chaoda Peng, Hai-Lin Liu, Erik D. Goodman, Kay Chen Tan
Summary: This paper investigates the issue of updating the reference point in decomposition-based constrained multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (CMOEAs). A two-phase framework is proposed to locate the reference point and enhance algorithm performance, along with a set of benchmark problems to evaluate its effectiveness.
KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Javier Perez Fernandez, Manuel Alcazar Vargas, Juan M. Velasco Garcia, Juan A. Cabrera Carrillo, Juan J. Castillo Aguilar
Summary: This paper focuses on developing a biological-based algorithm using a Spiking Neural Network (SNN) to simulate the control of a human arm, with a structure similar to that of reflex arcs. By replicating the behavior of biological systems, it aims to understand how the brain and neural networks work more accurately. The simulation approach offers a way to emulate biological systems' behavior through computer simulations, providing insights into complex neural systems.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Mithat Onder, Alper Bayrak, Serkan Aksoy
Summary: A self-tuning Robust Integral of Sign of Error (RISE)-based backstepping controller is designed for an electro-hydraulic arm system with a fourth-order system model in this paper. The RISE controller, fused with a backstepping control strategy, is used to handle model-based and parametric uncertainties by using a tanh(center dot) function for a smoother control signal. All gains in the RISE controller are tuned through continuous update rules, and the efficiency of the controller is demonstrated through numerical simulations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Shiwang Hou, Keming Yu
Summary: This study introduces a new non-parametric cumulative sum (CUSUM) control chart method to monitor arbitrary distribution changes and diagnose detailed change types simultaneously, which outperforms other methods in detecting small changes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Momoko Yamagata, Kreg Gruben, Ali Falaki, Wendy L. Ochs, Mark L. Latash
Summary: The study compared the results of two methods of postural sway analysis during human quiet standing, finding a shift of zIP towards higher frequencies and strong correlations between Tr and zIP when subjects increased muscle co-activation. The findings were interpreted within the framework of whole-body control with primitives associated with referent coordinates in joint configuration space.
JOURNAL OF MOTOR BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Fengjiao Jia, Houhua Jing, Zhiyuan Liu
Summary: Under sharp turns, particularly on roads with low adhesion coefficients, drift motion enhances vehicle agility and ensures safety. This study focuses on analyzing the dynamic characteristics and designing the equilibrium point and feedback controller for drift motion. A dynamic model is established, treating the rear wheel slip ratio as a parametric variable and explicitly expressing the influence of rear wheel lateral force on drift motion. The design of the equilibrium point discusses the effect of rear tyre slip angle and slip ratio, while the drift controller is designed using Lyapunov stability theory and static feedback gain calculation. Simulation analysis verifies the performance and effectiveness of the proposed drift control.
VEHICLE SYSTEM DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Rachid Ramadan, Cora Hummert, Jean-Stephane Jokeit, Gregor Schoener
Summary: The study focuses on the characteristics of descending activation patterns in targeted hand movements, revealing that these patterns have different temporal structures at different movement speeds to adapt to changes in interaction torques and muscle dynamics.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)