Article
Immunology
Marcela de Lima Moreira, Luana Oliveira Borges-Fernandes, Marcelo Antonio Pascoal-Xavier, Agata Lopes Ribeiro, Victoria Hellena Silva Pereira, Troi Pediongco, Marcio Sobreira da Silva Araujo, Andrea Teixeira-Carvalho, Andrea Lucchesi de Carvalho, Maria Vitoria Assumpcao Mourao, Flavia Alves Campos, Marineide Borges, Mariangela Carneiro, Zhenjun Chen, Eleanor Saunders, Malcolm McConville, Moriya Tsuji, James McCluskey, Olindo Assis Martins-Filho, Sidonia Barbara Guiomar Eckle, Jordana Grazziela Alves Coelho-dos-Reis, Vanessa Peruhype-Magalhaes
Summary: This study reveals the role of MAIT cells in protecting against visceral leishmaniasis, expanding our understanding of MAIT-cell immunity beyond bacterial and viral infections. The findings highlight the potential of MAIT-cell-based therapeutics and vaccines for the treatment and prevention of parasitic infections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Avuyonke Balfour, Charlotte Schutz, Rene Goliath, Katalin A. Wilkinson, Sumaya Sayed, Bianca Sossen, Jean-Paul Kanyik, Amy Ward, Rhandzu Ndzhukule, Anele Gela, David M. Lewinsohn, Deborah A. Lewinsohn, Graeme Meintjes, Muki Shey
Summary: A study in a high TB endemic setting in South Africa revealed that circulating MAIT cell frequencies are significantly decreased in individuals with HIV infection, active TB, and HIV-associated TB, accompanied by functional impairment and increased activation of MAIT cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Pietro Torre, Annalisa Brescia, Giorgio Giurato, Raffaella D'Auria, Francesca Rizzo, Benedetta Maria Motta, Valentina Giudice, Carmine Selleri, Pio Zeppa, Alessandro Caputo, Vincenzo Casolaro, Marcello Persico
Summary: MAIT cells are frequently found in T-cell lymphomas, and further in-depth studies with a larger number of samples are needed to better clarify the contribution of MAIT cells to this rare neoplasm.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ambra Maddalon, Arkadiusz Pierzchalski, Jannike Lea Krause, Mario Bauer, Saskia Finckh, Werner Brack, Ana C. Zenclussen, Marina Marinovich, Emanuela Corsini, Martin Krauss, Gunda Herberth
Summary: This study investigated the effect of extracts from wastewater treatment plant effluents on human primary immune cell activation. The results showed that these extracts, containing a mixture of chemicals, significantly reduced the activation of human lymphocytes, mainly affecting T helper and mucosal-associated invariant T cells. Basophil activation was also altered. Additionally, changes in mRNA expression of immune-related genes were observed.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sicheng Fu, Muziying Liu, Chenwen Zhu, Huimin Zhang, Changfeng Zhao, Yaping Xie, Guanghou Chen, Daping Sheng, Jun Pan, Ziqing He, Ying Dai, Yufeng Gao, Xiaomei Li, Lijian Chen, Yeben Qian, Tengchuan Jin, Cheng Sun, Zhigang Tian, Hua Wang, Li Bai
Summary: This study identifies a regulatory subset of MAIT cells (MAITregs) in HCC patients, which have high immunosuppressive potential and contribute to HCC progression. These MAITregs are induced under Treg-inducing conditions and mainly derived from a pre-MAITreg reservoir. The induction and function of MAITregs are promoted by ss 1 adrenergic receptor signaling in pre-MAITregs and MAITregs, respectively.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fearon C. Cassidy, Nidhi Kedia-Mehta, Ronan Bergin, Andrea Woodcock, Ardena Berisha, Ben Bradley, Eva Booth, Benjamin J. Jenkins, Odhran K. Ryan, Nicholas Jones, Linda V. Sinclair, Donal O'Shea, Andrew E. Hogan
Summary: Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells recognize a limited range of ligands presented by MR1 molecule and play important roles in host protection against bacterial, viral pathogens and cancer. This study demonstrates that MAIT cells exhibit potent cytotoxicity by inducing target cell death and this process depends on glycogen metabolism.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kyle G. Williams, Ramya Kongala, Donna M. Shows, Andrew J. Konecny, Duncan C. Hindmarch, Astrid S. Clarke, James D. Lord
Summary: CD8 T-cell clones are found homogeneously throughout the length of the colon in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), regardless of inflammation. There is a high degree of repertoire overlap for T-cell receptor (TCR) between the colon and peripheral blood, suggesting T-cell trafficking plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of IBD, particularly in relation to the alpha 4 beta 7+ T-cell subpopulation.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christine L. Zimmer, Iva Filipovic, Martin Cornillet, Colm J. O'Rourke, Lena Berglin, Hannes Jansson, Dan Sun, Otto Strauss, Laura Hertwig, Helene Johansson, Erik Seth, Ernesto Sparrelid, Joana Dias, Hans Glaumann, Espen Melum, Ewa C. Ellis, Johan K. Sandberg, Jesper B. Andersen, Annika Bergquist, Niklas K. Bjorkstrom
Summary: The study found that MAIT cells were heterogenously lost from intrahepatic and perihilar cholangiocarcinoma tumors possibly in response to increased bacterial burden, while the residual intratumoral MAIT cells exhibited preserved receptor repertoire for interaction with tumor cells. The high presence of MAIT cells in the livers of iCCA patients predicted long-term survival and was associated with a favorable antitumor immune signature.
Review
Virology
Ryan V. Moriarty, Amy L. Ellis, Shelby L. O'Connor
Summary: Tuberculosis is a common disease, and its replication is often uncontrolled during HIV infection. MAIT cells may help control mycobacterial infections, but there are still gaps in research in this area.
Article
Immunology
Shunsuke Sakai, Keith D. Kauffman, Sangmi Oh, Christine E. Nelson, Clifton E. Barry, Daniel L. Barber
Summary: The study found that MAIT cells mount minimal responses following Mtb infection, but MAIT cell expansion during chronic infection can reduce bacterial loads. The 5-OP-RU vaccination failed to protect against Mtb challenge, but MAIT cells play a role in delaying T cell priming.
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Josefine Jakob, Andrea Kroeger, Frank Klawonn, Dunja Bruder, Lothar Jaensch
Summary: MAIT cells are innate-like effector cells that recognize bacterial-derived vitamin B metabolites presented by MR1. This study examined the interactions between MAIT cells and THP-1 monocytes using translatome profiling. The results showed that MR1 activation of MAIT cells induced M1 polarization and an anti-viral program in macrophages. This study provides new insights into the immune responses of MAIT cells and their impact on other immune cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Robyn S. Klein
Summary: Zhang et al. demonstrate that meningeal MAIT cells play a critical role in maintaining the integrity of the meningeal barrier by secreting antioxidants, which in turn limit neuroinflammation and preserve spatial learning.
Article
Oncology
Benjamin Ruf, Vanessa V. Catania, Simon Wabitsch, Chi Ma, Laurence P. Diggs, Qianfei Zhang, Bernd Heinrich, Varun Subramanyam, Linda L. Cui, Marie Pouzolles, Christine N. Evans, Raj Chari, Shunsuke Sakai, Sangmi Oh, Clifton E. Barry, Daniel L. Barber, Tim F. Greten
Summary: MAIT cells exhibit potent antitumor function in vivo when activated by a combination of a synthetic riboflavin synthesis pathway-derived antigen and a TLR9 agonist. This activation leads to a strong systemic expansion and activation of MAIT cells, inducing a broad antitumor immune response in murine models. These findings suggest that MAIT cells are a promising target for cancer immunotherapy.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Francesca Gargano, Gisella Guerrera, Eleonora Piras, Barbara Serafini, Monica Di Paola, Lisa Rizzetto, Maria Chiara Buscarinu, Viviana Annibali, Claudia Vuotto, Marco De Bardi, Silvia D'Orso, Serena Ruggieri, Claudio Gasperini, Lorenzo Pavarini, Giovanni Ristori, Mario Picozza, Barbara Rosicarelli, Clara Ballerini, Rosella Mechelli, Francesco Vitali, Duccio Cavalieri, Marco Salvetti, Daniela F. Angelini, Giovanna Borsellino, Carlotta De Filippo, Luca Battistini
Summary: The composition of the gut microbiota plays a critical role in shaping the immune system. Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have higher fungal abundance and activation of immune cells in response to food-associated fungi. These immune cells can cross the blood-brain barrier and produce pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Patrick T. Rudak, Tony Yao, Christopher D. Richardson, S. M. Mansour Haeryfar
Summary: Measles virus can infect and kill CD150(+) memory T cells, and also targets innate, memory-like T cells, particularly MAIT cells. This leads to immune amnesia and increased susceptibility to other infections.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
