Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Piotr Ratajczak, Zuzanna Banach, Dorota Kopciuch, Anna Paczkowska, Tomasz Zaprutko, Jozef Krawczyk, Barbara Maciuszek-Bartkowska, Krzysztof Kus
Summary: This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tozinameran and elasomeran in preventing COVID-19 in patients aged 16 and above. The meta-analysis of 8 RCTs showed that both vaccines were effective in preventing COVID-19 but were associated with a higher rate of adverse events compared to placebo.
Article
Statistics & Probability
Susan Athey, Peter J. Bickel, Aiyou Chen, Guido W. Imbens, Michael Pollmann
Summary: We propose new semi-parametric methods for estimating treatment effects in settings such as thick-tailed outcome distributions, small treatment effects, large sample sizes, and completely random assignment, which is of interest in online experimentation. Our approach uses parametric models for treatment effects and derives semi-parametric efficiency bound and efficient estimators. In the case of constant quantile treatment effects, one of our proposed estimators can be interpreted as a weighted average of quantile treatment effects, with weights proportional to the second derivative of the log density of potential outcomes. Our analysis also suggests extending Huber's model and trimmed mean to include asymmetry.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY SERIES B-STATISTICAL METHODOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shuo Wang, Yongcai Wang, Xuewei Bai, Deying Li
Summary: This paper addresses the problem of distributed estimation of 6-DOF relative states in UAV networks using vision data. A communication efficient initialization scheme and a distributed state iteration scheme are proposed. The results demonstrate that the method achieves accuracy comparable to centralized methods with improved communication cost and latency.
IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Muxuan Liang, Menggang Yu
Summary: When resources are limited, it may be necessary to prioritize assigning different treatments by ranking individualized treatment benefits. Existing literature mainly focuses on using absolute conditional treatment effect differences as a metric for benefit evaluation. However, in some cases, relative differences may better represent such benefits. In this paper, we propose a single index model for a specific relative contrast and develop semiparametric estimating equations to estimate index parameters efficiently. Our proposed approach shows superiority in both theoretical and numerical studies.
Article
Statistics & Probability
Shu Yang, Chenyin Gao, Donglin Zeng, Xiaofei Wang
Summary: We propose a test-based elastic integrative analysis that combines randomised trial and real-world data to estimate treatment effect heterogeneity. Our approach allows for efficient estimation by using the trial design to decide whether to incorporate real-world data. We provide a data-adaptive procedure for selecting a test threshold that minimises mean square error and offer an elastic confidence interval with good finite-sample coverage.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY SERIES B-STATISTICAL METHODOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Navid Bayati, Hamid Reza Baghaee, Amin Hajizadeh, Mohsen Soltani, Zhengyu Lin, Mehdi Savaghebi
Summary: This article proposes a novel local fault location scheme for meshed dc microgrids, which accurately locates low- and high-impedance faults by measuring the current and utilizing a parameter estimation approach. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is demonstrated through offline digital time-domain simulations and experimental verification, showing its effectiveness for different types of faults compared to existing methods.
IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Weiwei Yao, Changhong Deng, Peng Peng
Summary: Research shows that variable-speed units have advantages in energy saving and improving efficiency in seawater pumped storage systems. Using maximum efficiency tracking methods and models considering seasonal fluctuation characteristics can achieve maximum profit. With a wide output range and continuous adjustment capability, the combined system can adapt flexibly to changes in plant operation and seek optimal profit.
ENGINEERING WITH COMPUTERS
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Jeslin Thalapil, Durgesh Tamhane, Sauvik Banerjee, Siddharth Tallur
Summary: In this study, a graphical technique is used to evaluate the extent of corrosion of sacrificial zinc anode discs instrumented with piezoelectric transducers. The research found that the natural resonance frequencies obtained through graphical technique can effectively represent the material and geometric properties of the disc, showing excellent agreement with experimental results.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hui Gu, Hongxia Zhu, Xiaobo Cui
Summary: In this paper, an energy efficiency monitoring method for the steam turbine system is studied using Multivariate State Estimation Technique (MSET) to compare actual monitoring parameters with healthy data. A modified information entropy weight method is proposed to judge the operation condition levels of the steam turbine, providing earlier warnings for abnormal energy efficiency working conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hira Beenish, Tariq Javid, Muhammad Fahad, Adnan Ahmed Siddiqui, Ghufran Ahmed, Hassan Jamil Syed
Summary: An intelligent transportation system (ITS) integrates innovative sensing, control, and communications technologies to improve traffic efficiency. The merging of the industrial Internet of things (IIoT) and Industrial Revolution 4.0 resulted in the design of IIoT-ITS. IIoT sensing technologies are crucial for acquiring raw data, and the application manages traffic flows effectively based on various parameters. Traffic density estimation (TDE) is an important derived parameter to track the dynamic state of traffic volume. This research paper investigates TDE techniques and presents a novel Markov model-based approach for ITS.
Article
Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods
Muhammad Azeem, Abdul Salam
Summary: In social surveys, optional randomized response models allow respondents to choose between reporting their true response or a scrambled response. This paper proposes an alternative procedure where respondents can choose whether or not to disclose their true response. Modified versions of three existing scrambling randomized response models are presented. The study finds that knowing the exact number of respondents choosing the scrambled response improves the efficiency of quantitative randomized response models without compromising respondent privacy, leading to improved overall quality.
METHODOLOGY-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH METHODS FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Statistics & Probability
R. Noah Padgett, Grant B. Morgan
Summary: The study found that weighted least squares produced more or equally efficient parameter estimates under all sample size conditions in the simulation study of multilevel factor models. The relative efficiency of standard errors was more complex, with maximum likelihood being more efficient for loadings and residual variances, while weighted least squares was more efficient for factor covariance matrices. Recommendations for estimating multilevel confirmatory factor analysis models and directions for future research were provided.
COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-SIMULATION AND COMPUTATION
(2021)
Article
Mathematics
Reza Sanei, Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi, Mohammad Fallah, Farzad Movahedi Sobhani
Summary: In this paper, a novel artificial intelligence technique is proposed for near-optimal resource management estimation. The technique combines data envelopment analysis, artificial neural network, and genetic algorithm to predict future decision-making unit boundaries and maximize overall performance.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guoqiang Shan, Jinyu Zhao, Xiao Sun, Liping Yang, Haoran Wei, Lingyan Zhu
Summary: Estimating the relative importance of direct and indirect exposures of animals and humans to PFOS remains a challenge. In this study, fish were exposed to PFOS and its precursor PFOSA to establish a quantitative model for predicting the contribution of precursor exposure to PFOS burden in fish. The study suggests that dietary exposure should be considered for more accurate results.
Article
Telecommunications
C. Arunkumar Madhuvappan, J. Ramesh
Summary: This paper introduces a Quadrant Search Algorithm for motion evaluation in HEVC and its hardware architecture. It reduces calculation time and achieves higher output efficiency. Compared to other search algorithms, it employs fewer searches to determine the best matching block.
WIRELESS PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)