Article
Developmental Biology
Stanimir A. Tashev, Daisy Parsons, Cameron Hillman, Shelley Harris, Emma M. Lofthouse, Patricia Goggin, David S. Chatelet, Jane K. Cleal, Neil Smyth, Helen Palaiologou, Anton Page, Rohan M. Lewis
Summary: This study quantified the folding of the syncytiotrophoblast basal plasma membrane and its contribution to surface area, as well as visualized the three-dimensional structure of the basal membrane and cytotrophoblast cells. The findings suggest that the folding of the basal membrane significantly increases its surface area, potentially affecting nutrient transport capacity and fetal growth.
Review
Cell Biology
Andrii Klymenko, David Lutz
Summary: Schwann cells exhibit remarkable plasticity in nerve regeneration, adapting their shape, clearing myelin debris, and regulating extracellular matrix protein expression. External circadian cues and the hormone melatonin can modulate Schwann cell activity, suggesting that circadian rhythmicity may be a vital aspect of neuroregeneration.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanjie Wang, Jianqiang Lu, Yujian Liu
Summary: This article discusses the mechanisms of skeletal muscle regeneration after cardiotoxin-induced injury. The regeneration process is similar in different mouse strains but is inhibited by aging, obesity, and diabetes. Exercise, microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulation, and mechanical loading can improve regeneration. The mechanisms of regeneration are complex and strain-dependent, involving clearance of necrotic fiber debris, conversion of M1 to M2 macrophages, activation of satellite cells, myoblast proliferation, differentiation and fusion, as well as fibrosis and calcification.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jurandyr Pimentel Neto, Lara Caetano Rocha-Braga, Carolina dos Santos Jacob, Andre Neri Tomiate, Adriano Polican Ciena
Summary: This study investigated the morphology and molecular adaptations of the myotendinous junction (MTJ) in the biceps brachii muscle of adult Wistar rats subjected to different ladder-based protocols. The results showed that ladder exercise promoted the reorganization of muscle and collagen tissue and development of the sarcomeres and myotendinous interface. Immunofluorescence analysis also revealed the presence of cells adjacent to the MTJ region. These findings provide valuable insights into the remodeling of the MTJ and its potential applications in proteomic and genetic analysis.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Jacopo Morroni, Anna Benedetti, Lorenza Esposito, Marco De Bardi, Giovanna Borsellino, Carles Sanchez Riera, Lorenzo Giordani, Marina Bouche, Biliana Lozanoska-Ochser
Summary: Muscle injury has a lasting effect on muscle stem cells, making them respond faster to subsequent injuries and contribute to accelerated muscle regeneration.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Eva Garabuczi, Nastaran Tarban, Eva Fige, Andreas Patsalos, Laszlo Halasz, Timea Szendi-Szatmari, Zsolt Sarang, Robert Kiraly, Zsuzsa Szondy
Summary: Macrophage polarization is the process of macrophages developing specific phenotypes and functional responses in different pathophysiological conditions and tissue environments. M1 and M2 are the two main macrophage phenotypes, characterized by the production of IL-1 beta and IL-10, respectively. In a skeletal muscle injury model, bone marrow-derived macrophages play a key role in tissue repair by switching from M1 to M2 phenotype during efferocytosis. The Nur77 transcription factor suppresses pro-inflammatory gene expression during efferocytosis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Entomology
Glenda Dias, David Mercati, Paulo Henrique Rezende, Jose Lino-Neto, Pietro Paolo Fanciulli, Pietro Lupetti, Romano Dallai
Summary: Tenebrionoidea, with over 30,000 described species and 30 recognized families, is a superfamily with challenging taxonomy. By studying the sperm ultrastructure, a better understanding of the phylogenetic relationships of basal families within the group can be achieved.
Review
Neurosciences
Daria Andreeva, Lada Murashova, Nikita Burzak, Vyacheslav Dyachuk
Summary: Satellite glial cells (SGCs) surrounding neurons in ganglia are altered after nerve injury, affecting pain development and maintenance. SGCs in different ganglia exhibit heterogeneity and changes. Further research is needed to understand their role in chronic pain and other diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Benjamin Nguyen, Gregory Bix, Yao Yao
Summary: This article focuses on the changes of the basal lamina (BL) during aging and in neurodegenerative disorders, and its impact on the blood-brain barrier and meningeal lymphatic/glymphatic system. Research has revealed the crucial role of the BL in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative disorders.
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
A. Goto, S. Kokabu, C. Dusadeemeelap, H. Kawaue, T. Matsubara, K. Tominaga, W. N. Addison
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive characterization of tongue muscle regeneration and establishes a method for the isolation of primary tongue-derived satellite cells. The research reveals that the tongue displays an efficient regenerative response similar to the tibialis anterior limb muscle, and that tongue-derived satellite cells have unique properties and inherited positional memory.
JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jing-Ting Chiou, Liang-Jun Wang, Yuan-Chin Lee, Long-Sen Chang
Summary: This study investigated the mechanism of Naja atra CTX1-induced cell death in leukemia cell lines. Results showed that CTX1 increased Ca2+ and ROS levels, leading to cell death through activation of the NOX4/ROS/p38 MAPK axis and subsequent activation of c-Jun-mediated Fas and ATF-2-mediated FasL transcription. The study also found that only CTX1 induced Fas/FasL expression and the intact Met residues were essential for its activity.
Article
Orthopedics
Hirotaka Yonezawa, Norio Yamamoto, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Akihiko Takeuchi, Shinji Miwa, Kentaro Igarashi, Sei Morinaga, Yohei Asano, Shiro Saito, Kaoru Tada, Takayuki Nojima, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
Summary: This study investigated the tumor recurrence and function after peripheral nerve reconstruction using liquid nitrogen-treated tumor-bearing nerves in a rat model. The results showed that the liquid nitrogen-treated nerve grafts demonstrated nerve regeneration activity and there was no tumor recurrence observed in rats.
CLINICAL ORTHOPAEDICS AND RELATED RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Madeeha H. Sheikh, Mariella Errede, Antonio D'Amati, Noorafza Q. Khan, Silvia Fanti, Rodrigo A. Loiola, Simon McArthur, Gareth S. D. Purvis, Caroline E. O'Riordan, Davide Ferorelli, Alessandro Dell'Erba, Julius Kieswich, Chis Reutelingsperger, Eugenio Maiorano, Magdi Yaqoob, Christoph Thiemermann, Andrea Baragetti, Alberico Luigi Catapano, Giuseppe Danilo Norata, Federica Marelli-Berg, Daniela Virgintino, Egle Solito
Summary: Mounting evidence suggests a link between metabolic disease and neurovascular disorders and cognitive decline. This study used mouse models and post-mortem brains of T2DM patients to show that metabolic disease damages the blood-brain barrier (BBB), leading to increased leukocyte extravasation and neuroinflammation. Therapeutic interventions such as pharmacological treatment and dietary changes were found to reduce BBB damage.
Review
Microbiology
Alexis Carpenter, Rollie J. Clem
Summary: Arboviral diseases transmitted by mosquitoes are a major global health concern. Current treatment and prevention methods are limited, so controlling the disease at the vector level is ideal. The midgut of the mosquito plays a crucial role in preventing the spread of arboviruses. Understanding the midgut escape barrier may aid in developing effective control strategies.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jong Ho Lee, Jang Hyuk Cho, Dong Gyu Lee
Summary: This study aimed to determine the serum concentration of sclerostin and factors affecting its concentration over time in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). The results showed that age and bone mineral density (BMD) significantly influenced the concentration of sclerostin in SCI patients.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Mohamed A. A. Mahdy
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the anatomical features of the guinea pig's head using CT and MRI imaging techniques, comparing the anatomical sections with the images obtained. It found that the bony structures and air cavities of the guinea pig head could be accurately identified through CT and MRI, providing valuable insights into the anatomical characteristics of guinea pigs.
ANATOMIA HISTOLOGIA EMBRYOLOGIA
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Yoshinao Z. Hosaka, Sota Washie, Katsuhiko Warita
Summary: In this study, chemical damage was induced in C2C12 myoblasts that had differentiated into myotubes with glycerol. The gene expression levels of sulfation enzymes and degradation enzymes were examined. Treatment with 5% glycerol significantly increased the expression levels of certain enzymes, while others remained unchanged. These differences in enzyme expression may provide insights into the responsiveness of myoblasts to glycerol after muscle injury.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Fumi Satoh, Akihiro Sugiura, Jiro Tashiro, Yoshinao Z. Hosaka, Katsuhiko Warita
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the mechanism underlying the suppression of myotube formation induced by chondroitin sulfate E (CS-E). They found that CS-E treatment downregulated N-cadherin, which may contribute to the inhibition of myotube formation.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Reneilwe A. Molele, Musa Zakariah, Mohammed I. A. Ibrahim, Mohamed A. A. Mahdy, Geoffrey T. Fosgate, Geoffrey Brown
Summary: This study investigated the dose-related ultrastructural changes in Sertoli cells and junctional complexes of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) in Japanese quail exposed to DBP prior to puberty. The results showed that exposure to DBP led to structural changes in Sertoli cells and junctional complexes, potentially interfering with spermatogenesis.
ANATOMIA HISTOLOGIA EMBRYOLOGIA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tomoko Warita, Nanami Irie, Yaxuan Zhou, Jiro Tashiro, Akihiro Sugiura, Zoltan N. Oltvai, Katsuhiko Warita
Summary: This study found that statins have inhibitory effects on cancer cells, but the mechanisms and modes of their anti-tumor effects are unclear. Statins may inhibit cancer cell proliferation by decreasing the expression of cell cycle- and DNA replication-related genes, and also decrease the activity of metabolic pathways such as polyamine metabolism, purine metabolism, glycolysis, and pentose phosphate pathway to enhance the anticancer effects. Therefore, combining statins with inhibitors of these metabolic pathways may improve the anticancer efficacy of statins.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Mohamed A. A. Mahdy, Salma. A. A. Mohamed, Kamal E. H. Abdalla
Summary: The present study investigates the morphology of the goat's soft palate and palatine tonsil using various methods, including gross anatomy, morphometry, light microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The findings reveal that the palatine tonsil of goats is well-developed with extensive crypt system, indicating its crucial role in the immunological response against antigens that enter through the oral cavity.
MICROSCOPY RESEARCH AND TECHNIQUE
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Masuood Ahmad John, Rakshan Rashid, Abrar A. Malik, Jasvinder Singh Sasan, Abdul Qayoom Mir, Abdur Rezzaque Choudhury, Firdous Ahmad Dar, Andleeb Rafiq, Mohamed A. A. Mahdy
Summary: The present study provides a comprehensive analysis of the arterial blood vasculature in water buffalo brains. It reveals that the buffalo brain exhibits similar morphological features to other Bovini species, such as a heart-shaped arterial circle and the use of cranial nerve roots to differentiate various branches. The study also reports on abnormal morphology of the rostral cerebral artery, providing a foundation for further research on clinical applications of the buffalo brain blood vasculature.
ANATOMIA HISTOLOGIA EMBRYOLOGIA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yaxuan Zhou, Jiro Tashiro, Shiori Kamatani, Nanami Irie, Akito Suzuki, Takuro Ishikawa, Katsuhiko Warita, Zoltan N. Oltvai, Tomoko Warita
Summary: Statins have potential as cancer therapeutic agents, but some cancer cells are resistant to them. This study investigates the mechanism of HMGCR degradation in influencing the anticancer effects of statins. The dual-targeting of HMGCR using statins and a degrader compound could improve anticancer therapy.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Danang Dwi Cahyadi, Tomoko Warita, Nanami Irie, Kana Mizoguchi, Jiro Tashiro, Yoshinao Z. Hosaka, Katsuhiko Warita
Summary: Normalization is crucial for accurate gene expression analysis. This study used reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction to measure the expression of 10 housekeeping genes in 3T3-L1 cells. Various methods were used to assess expression stability, and it was found that the reference gene expression levels changed over time. Peptidylprolyl isomerase A (Ppia) and TATA box-binding protein (Tbp) were identified as stable reference genes in both undifferentiated and differentiated cells. Importantly, the expression of known reference genes in undifferentiated cells was altered throughout the experiment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nanami Irie, Katsuhiko Warita, Jiro Tashiro, Yaxuan Zhou, Takuro Ishikawa, Zoltan N. Oltval, Tomoko Warita
Summary: Statins have anticancer effects and may affect the expression of internal reference genes used in gene expression analyses, which could lead to misleading assessment of obtained data. Therefore, caution should be exercised when comparing target gene expression between cells.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Takuro Ishikawa, Nanami Irie, Jiro Tashiro, Tomohiro Osaki, Tomoko Warita, Katsuhiko Warita, Munekazu Naito
Summary: This study compared the anticancer effects of different statins on canine oral melanoma and found that lipophilic statins were more effective in inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell death than hydrophilic statins. Among the statins tested, pitavastatin had the highest anticancer effect.
VETERINARY AND COMPARATIVE ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Danang Dwi Cahyadi, Katsuhiko Warita, Naoko Takeda-Okuda, Jun-ichi Tamura, Yoshinao Hosaka
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the changes in chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) in 3 T3-L1 cells before and after adipogenic induction. The results showed a significant decrease in CS/DS amount and lower molecular weight in differentiated cells, with CS-A being the major subtype.
ANIMAL SCIENCE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Danang Dwi Cahyadi, Munehiro Okamoto, Katsuhiko Warita, Naoko Takeda-Okuda, Jun-ichi Tamura, Yoshinao Z. Hosaka
Summary: The major disaccharide units of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in rhesus monkey tissues were found to be chondroitin sulfate (CS) and dermatan sulfate (DS), with the sulfation pattern primarily being of A and C types. Additionally, the E and iE types were specifically distributed in the tracheal and gastrointestinal tissues.
BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Mohamed A. A. Mahdy, Zamzam M. Ewaida
Summary: The study evaluated the shift to remote teaching of veterinary anatomy during the COVID-19 pandemic based on students' perspectives. Data showed that the majority of students were interested in studying anatomy online, comfortable with technological skills, and can understand online anatomy well. However, a significant portion of students still believe that online learning cannot replace face-to-face teaching.
FRONTIERS IN EDUCATION
(2022)
Article
Microscopy
Shengli Zhang, Ying Wang, Bowei Wang, Yi Zeng, Jiani Li, Xingyue Wang, Cuihua Hu, Zhankun Weng, Zuobin Wang
Summary: Curcumin was found to have effects on the activity, migration, and mitochondrial membrane potential of malignant hepatocytes and their mitochondria. The findings from both optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy studies confirm these effects on cell morphology and biomechanics.
Article
Microscopy
Rutika Sansaria, Krishanu Dey Das, Alwin Poulose
Summary: This paper presents a method for quantifying Golgi dispersion images and classifying them using machine learning models. By applying automated image processing and segmentation, extracting features, and using different classifiers, accurate classification of Golgi images is achieved.
Article
Microscopy
Marjorie da Silva, Cintia Eleonora Lopes Justino, Fernando Henrique Carnimeo, Fernando Barbosa Noll, Johan Billen
Summary: This article describes the secretory glands in females of two species of Myzinum and discusses their homology with other glands in the Hymenoptera order. The study finds that the three glands, instead of the commonly believed two, are present in Myzinum species. However, the limited research on the structure, function, and evolution of female accessory glands in Hymenoptera prevents conclusive statements.
Article
Microscopy
Ping Hao, Wen Yin, Xi Chen, Shuangshuang Qin, Yue Yu, Yuan Yuan, Xiaoyu Quan, Bing Hu, Shouhai Chen, Yi Wu
Summary: This study confirmed the secretion of nano-scale exosomes-multivesicular bodies and the interaction of high endothelial cells (HECs) with lysosomes and mitochondria in the small intestine of laying birds. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence results showed the strong immunoreactivity of exosome-related proteins and autophagic-related proteins in the lamina propria of the small intestine. These findings reveal an innovative communication method among HECs in the small intestine.
Article
Microscopy
Stefan Talu, Robert S. Matos, Henrique Duarte da Fonseca Filho, Daniela Predoi, Simona Liliana Iconaru, Carmen Steluta Ciobanu, Liliana Ghegoiu
Summary: This study developed composite layers based on magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite and chitosan, and demonstrated their good biocompatibility and antifungal effects against osteosarcoma cells. The attachment and growth of the cells on the composite layers were promoted, while the growth of Candida albicans was inhibited. The morphological analysis revealed complex 3D patterns on the cancer cell surfaces on the magnesium-containing composite layers.
