Journal
MICROBES AND ENVIRONMENTS
Volume 31, Issue 3, Pages 349-356Publisher
JAPANESE SOC MICROBIAL ECOLOGY, DEPT BIORESOURCE SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.ME16066
Keywords
free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE); methanogenic archaea; methane-oxidizing bacteria; paddy field; real-time qPCR
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Funding
- Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Japan through a research project entitled Development of Technologies for Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
- Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development Program in the JST Strategic Basic Research Programs from the Japan Science and Technology Agency
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [26252004] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Elevated concentrations of atmospheric CO2 ([CO2]) enhance the production and emission of methane in paddy fields. In the present study, the effects of elevated [CO2], elevated temperature (ET), and no nitrogen fertilization (LN) on methanogenic archaeal and methane-oxidizing bacterial community structures in a free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experimental paddy field were investigated by PCR-DGGE and real-time quantitative PCR. Soil samples were collected from the upper and lower soil layers at the rice panicle initiation (PI) and mid-ripening (MR) stages. The composition of the methanogenic archaeal community in the upper and lower soil layers was not markedly affected by the elevated [CO2], ET, or LN condition. The abundance of the methanogenic archaeal community in the upper and lower soil layers was also not affected by elevated [CO2] or ET, but was significantly increased at the rice PI stage and significantly decreased by LN in the lower soil layer. In contrast, the composition of the methane-oxidizing bacterial community was affected by rice-growing stages in the upper soil layer. The abundance of methane-oxidizing bacteria was significantly decreased by elevated [CO2] and LN in both soil layers at the rice MR stage and by ET in the upper soil layer. The ratio of mcrA/pmoA genes correlated with methane emission from ambient and FACE paddy plots at the PI stage. These results indicate that the decrease observed in the abundance of methane-oxidizing bacteria was related to increased methane emission from the paddy field under the elevated [CO2], ET, and LN conditions.
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