Article
Immunology
Sheikh Mohammad Fazle Akbar, Mamun Al Mahtab, Julio Cesar Aguilar, Osamu Yoshida, Sakirul Khan, Eduardo Penton, Guillen Nieto Gerardo, Yoichi Hiasa
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of a therapeutic vaccine (NASVAC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) three years after the end of treatment (EOT). The results of the follow-up showed that NASVAC is a safe and effective treatment for CHB.
Article
Immunology
Te-Wei Cheng, Jeng-Fu Yang, Yi-Yu Chen, Kuan-Ta Wu, Meng-Szu Lee, Hsiang-Ju Kuo, Tzu-Chun Lin, Chao-Ling Wang, Meng-Hsuan Hsieh, Chia-Yi Lin, Batbold Batsaikhan, Chi-Kung Ho, Chia-Yen Dai
Summary: The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among college-aged individuals in Taiwan after mass vaccination remains uncertain. A study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B markers in different birth cohorts. The results showed a decreasing trend in HBsAg and anti-HBs seropositive rates among college students in the Kaohsiung area. The status of HBsAg was found to be a predictive factor of abnormal ALT levels, and a time effect on anti-HBs seropositivity for DNA recombinant vaccine was observed.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Maria Pfefferkorn, Tina Schott, Stephan Boehm, Danilo Deichsel, Christin Felkel, Wolfram H. Gerlich, Dieter Glebe, Cynthia Wat, Vedran Pavlovic, Renate Heyne, Thomas Berg, Florian van Boemmel
Summary: This study found that the decline in MHBs levels occurred earlier than HBsAg loss before treatment, and the proportion of MHBs was the best predictor of HBsAg loss before NA treatment. LHBs and MHBs show promise as novel biomarkers for predicting the cure of chronic HBV infection.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Sheikh Mohammad Fazle Akbar, Mamun Al Mahtab, Julio Cesar Aguilar, Osamu Yoshida, Eduardo Penton, Guillen Nieto Gerardo, Yoichi Hiasa
Summary: The NASVAC vaccine showed safety and therapeutic efficacy in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis B, with 33 out of 66 patients achieving HBV DNA clearance two years after treatment. The study also reported liver function improvement and no cases of cirrhosis development among patients receiving NASVAC therapy.
Article
Immunology
Wen-Xin Wang, Rui Jia, Xue-Yuan Jin, Xiaoyan Li, Shuang-Nan Zhou, Xiao-Ning Zhang, Chun-Bao Zhou, Fu-Sheng Wang, Junliang Fu
Summary: This study aimed to explore the profile of cytokine changes during the combination therapy with PEG-IFN-alpha and NAs in NAs-suppressed chronic hepatitis B patients, and its relationship with HBsAg loss. The results showed that after 48 weeks of combined treatment, 0.00% (0/18) in the NAs group and 25.86% (15/58) in the Add-on group achieved HBsAg loss. Mild and early increases in IL1B, CCL3, IL17A, IL2, IL4, IL6, and CXCL8 were associated with HBsAg loss or decrease > 1 log, while sustained high levels of CCL5 and CXCL10 were associated with poor responses to Add-on therapy at week 48.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hongyu Huang, Chenyu Xu, Lanhua Liu, Liping Chen, Xiaoqin Zhu, Jie Chen, Jing Feng, Tingmei Chen, Biao Xu, Jishi Yang, Biyun Xu, Mingjie Pan, Yimin Dai, Yali Hu, Yi-Hua Zhou
Summary: Administering hepatitis B immunoglobulin and vaccine within one hour after birth can provide better protection against mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mojahidul Islam, Jayesh Kumar Sevak, Manoj Kumar Sharma, Ankur Jindal, Ashish Kumar Vyas, Meenu Bajpai, Gayatri Ramakrishna, Shiv Kumar Sarin, Nirupma Trehanpati
Summary: Hepatitis B reactivation (rHBV) patients show immune differentiation and tolerance abrogation after HBsAg seroconversion. Non-seroconverters exhibit increased inhibitory markers on CD4/CD8 T cells. CD8, Tfh, and B cells and subsets play a critical role in seroclearance during HBV infection.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yong Zhou, Jiang-Nan Wu, Li-Fang Huang, Zhi-Qiang Lin
Summary: The increased dose of hepatitis B vaccine for newborns in Fujian, China since 2013 has been found to be effective in reducing the risk of HBV infection and anti-HBc positivity. However, no significant association was found for infants whose mothers were positive for HBsAg.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Naoki Kawagishi, Goki Suda, Ryotaro Sakamori, Takeshi Matsui, Masahiro Onozawa, Zijian Yang, Sonoe Yoshida, Masatsugu Ohara, Megumi Kimura, Akinori Kubo, Osamu Maehara, Qingjie Fu, Shunichi Hosoda, Yoshimasa Tokuchi, Kazuharu Suzuki, Masato Nakai, Takuya Sho, Kenichi Morikawa, Mitsuteru Natsuizaka, Koji Ogawa, Hajime Sakai, Shunsuke Ohnishi, Masaru Baba, Tetsuo Takehara, Naoya Sakamoto
Summary: This study found that low IL-1 beta levels were predictive of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation during direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients with resolved HBV infection. HCV-infected patients with the IL-1 beta gene polymorphism rs16944 AA allele had higher IL-1 beta levels and did not experience HBV reactivation during DAA treatment. Low IL-1 beta levels were not associated with HBV reactivation. IL-1 beta levels before DAA treatment could predict HBV reactivation in HCV-infected patients with resolved HBV infection.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Anahita Rahimkhani, Setareh Haghighat, Hassan Noorbazargan, Mehdi Mahdavi
Summary: The new HBsAg vaccine formulated with alpha-tocopherol enhances specific total IgG responses and affects immunologic cytokines depending on the dose of alpha-tocopherol used in the vaccine formulation.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Xiao Lin, Yanhong Zheng, Hong Li, Junfeng Lu, Shan Ren, Yisi Liu, Xiaoxiao Wang, Sujun Zheng, Lina Ma, Zhenhuan Cao, Xinyue Chen
Summary: This study found that the clearance of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is closely related to the levels of large and medium hepatitis B surface proteins (LHBs and MHBs). Measurement of LHBs and MHBs levels can predict HBsAg clearance obtained by Peg-IFN therapy in inactive HBsAg carriers (IHCs), and the predictive value is higher than that of the total HBsAg levels.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jing Zhao, Dandan Bian, Hao Liao, Yang Wang, Yan Ren, Yingying Jiang, Shuang Liu, Xinyue Chen, Zhongjie Hu, Zhongping Duan, Fengmin Lu, Sujun Zheng
Summary: Liver inflammation is a major risk factor for liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B patients. Non-invasive biomarkers are urgently needed in clinical practice to diagnose and grade liver necroinflammation. The combination of HBsAg and AST showed excellent diagnostic ability for significant inflammation in HBeAg-positive CHB patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yali Wu, Xiaoxiao Wang, Xiao Lin, Chengli Shen, Xinyue Chen
Summary: The study suggests that quantitative Anti-HBc levels can serve as a potential predictor for recurrence in patients with CHB after achieving HBsAg clearance. Anti-HBc levels at drug withdrawal show better predictive value than at baseline, with sensitivity and specificity at >2.3386 log10 IU/mL being 80.0% and 71.9% respectively.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
I. Tsiligianni, I Bouloukaki, G. Papazisis, A. Paganas, E. Chatzimanolis, M. Kalatharas, I. Platakis, I. Tirodimos, T. Dardavesis, Z. Tsimtsiou
Summary: Insufficient adult vaccination coverage rates remain an international challenge. This study explored vaccination coverage and predictors of vaccine uptake in Greece and found that perception of disease risk, concerns about side-effects and efficacy, and mistrust in pharmaceutical companies were common factors associated with vaccine uptake. The strongest predictor of vaccination status was the doctor's recommendation, and being well-informed about each vaccine also influenced uptake.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Shuaibu Abdullahi Hudu, Abdulgafar Olayiwola Jimoh, Kasimu Ghandi Ibrahim, Ahmed Subeh Alshrari
Summary: Viral hepatitis, particularly hepatitis B virus (HBV), is a major global health concern, causing liver cirrhosis and malignancy. Despite the availability of a preventative vaccine, a significant percentage of the global population still suffers from chronic HBV infection, leading to long-term complications such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. Current therapies are insufficient in achieving functional cure for most patients, highlighting the urgent need for novel medications.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jieliang Chen, Yaming Li, Fritz Lai, Yang Wang, Kathrin Sutter, Ulf Dittmer, Jianyu Ye, Wenjing Zai, Min Liu, Fang Shen, Min Wu, Kongying Hu, Baocun Li, Mengji Lu, Xiaonan Zhang, Jiming Zhang, Jianhua Li, Qingfeng Chen, Zhenghong Yuan
Summary: The study identified IFN-alpha 14 as the most effective subtype in suppressing HBV replication, with significantly lower concentration values compared to conventional IFN-alpha 2. IFN-alpha 14 triggered a strong antiviral response through IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma signaling crosstalk, revealing mechanisms for potent HBV suppression. The findings deepen the understanding of the diverse activities of IFN-alpha subtypes and the synergistic effects of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma signaling, potentially leading to improved HBV therapy strategies.
Article
Pathology
Danping Liu, Tong Xu, Bisheng Shi, Wei Lu, Ye Zheng, Yanling Feng, Zhenghong Yuan, Xiaonan Zhang, Zhanqing Zhang
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaonan Zhang, Yun Tan, Yun Ling, Gang Lu, Feng Liu, Zhigang Yi, Xiaofang Jia, Min Wu, Bisheng Shi, Shuibao Xu, Jun Chen, Wei Wang, Bing Chen, Lu Jiang, Shuting Yu, Jing Lu, Jinzeng Wang, Mingzhu Xu, Zhenghong Yuan, Qin Zhang, Xinxin Zhang, Guoping Zhao, Shengyue Wang, Saijuan Chen, Hongzhou Lu
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Min Wu, Cong Wang, Bisheng Shi, Zhong Fang, Boyin Qin, Xiaohui Zhou, Xiaonan Zhang, Zhenghong Yuan
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2020)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Wuhui Song, Xiaofang Jia, Xiaonan Zhang, Yun Ling, Zhigang Yi
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaofang Jia, Lvyin Hu, Min Wu, Yun Ling, Wei Wang, Hongzhou Lu, Zhenghong Yuan, Zhigang Yi, Xiaonan Zhang
Summary: The study developed a simplified protocol for Illumina and Nanopore sequencing, enabling efficient metagenomic sequencing of various clinical samples and pathogen identification within a clinically meaningful time frame.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chang Li, Wei Zhang, Bisheng Shi, Gang Chen, Ye Zheng, Yong An, Mimi Sun, Yanling Feng, Qinghua Shang, Xiaonan Zhang
Summary: The study evaluated the reliability and relationship of in situ hybridization (ISH) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, demonstrating favorable performance and potential as a supportive tool for clinical diagnosis and management. The ISH assay showed a positive rate in CHB patients with no false positives in non-HBV related cases, and correlated significantly with serum HBV DNA. This methodology provides an intuitive assessment of virological and pathological states in CHB patients, aided by the staining pattern of HBV DNA in the context of collagen deposition.
Article
Microbiology
Lei Yue, Chang Li, Mingzhu Xu, Min Wu, Jiahui Ding, Jiangxia Liu, Xiaonan Zhang, Zhenghong Yuan
Summary: By utilizing advanced microscopy techniques, researchers have successfully revealed some key aspects of the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) replication process at the single-cell level, including the slow kinetics of replication, the variability in different cells, and the mechanisms of viral action within cells.
Review
Microbiology
Xiaonan Zhang, Xiaomeng Wang, Min Wu, Reena Ghildyal, Zhenghong Yuan
Summary: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects approximately 240 million people globally and often leads to chronic liver inflammation. Researchers have developed various in vivo models to study the viral lifecycle, pathogenesis, and immunity, but these models also have limitations. Further improvements are needed to understand the viral immune evasion strategies and develop new therapeutics for a functional cure.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Ye Zheng, Mingzhu Xu, Dong Zeng, Haitao Tong, Yuhan Shi, Yanling Feng, Xiaonan Zhang
Summary: This study revealed the differential expression and localization of HBsAg and HBV DNA in tumor tissue and surrounding tissue of HBV-related HCC patients. These findings provide insight into the complex mechanisms of HBV-induced tumorigenesis.
DIAGNOSTIC PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Zhong Fang, Yi Zhang, Zhaoqin Zhu, Cong Wang, Yao Hu, Xiuhua Peng, Dandan Zhang, Jun Zhao, Bisheng Shi, Zhongliang Shen, Min Wu, Chunhua Xu, Jieliang Chen, Xiaohui Zhou, Youhua Xie, Hui Yu, Xiaonan Zhang, Jianhua Li, Yunwen Hu, Maya Kozlowski, Antonio Bertoletti, Zhenghong Yuan
Summary: HBV exposure in children usually leads to chronic infection and the detection of HBsAg-specific CD8(+) T cells is rare. This study found that mMDSCs migrate to the thymus and eliminate HBsAg-specific CD8(+) thymocytes, resulting in specific tolerance to HBV.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mingzhu Xu, Chang Li, Jiahui Ding, Min Wu, Yijie Tang, Zhenghong Yuan, Xiaonan Zhang
Summary: The expression of HBV surface proteins regulates the release of viral particles, with overproduction of LHBs inhibiting surface protein release while overexpression of M/SHBs improving secretion of enveloped viral particles.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Xiaonan Zhang, Yijie Tang, Min Wu, Cong Wang, Lyuyin Hu, Zhanqing Zhang
Summary: Over 240 million people worldwide are chronically infected with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), a hepatotropic DNA virus. Although progress has been made in HBV research, our understanding of its virology and immunobiology is still incomplete. Recent discovery of serum HBV RNA in patients with chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) challenges existing theories. Furthermore, HBV infection may lead to the formation of capsid-derived immune complexes, which could contribute to liver disease.
Article
Microbiology
Jiahui Ding, Zhigang Yi, Wenjing Zai, Min Wu, Baohui Chen, Qiliang Cai, Xiaonan Zhang, Zhenghong Yuan
Summary: Understanding the formation and maintenance of HBV cccDNA has been a challenging task due to the lack of reliable assay systems and its resistance to genetic modification. In this study, a live-cell imaging system was established to visualize the behavior of cccDNA in real time. The accessibility of cccDNA to dCas9-based imaging was found to be regulated by HBx. Observable cccDNA molecules were substantially lost during cell division and randomly distributed to daughter cells. This system provides a unique platform to investigate the intranuclear dynamics of cccDNA.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chenlu Huang, Qiang Li, Wei Xu, Qianqian Wang, Qiankun Hu, Xiaonan Zhang, Yuxian Huang, Liang Chen
DISCOVERY MEDICINE
(2020)
