Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ikumu Watanabe, Ta-Te Chen, Sachiko Taniguchi, Houichi Kitano
Summary: This paper investigates the microstructural heterogeneity and deformation mechanism of duplex multilayer steel structures fabricated by wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). The study reveals that the austenite phase transformed into the martensite phase during tensile testing, leading to the generation of a two-stage stress-strain curve.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Jun Xiong, Chengfang Wen
Summary: This study presents a new variant of arc-directed energy deposition (Arc-DED) called bypass wire Arc-DED, which utilizes a bypass wire to form a separate bypass arc. Optimal process conditions were determined by evaluating process stability and bypass current, including bypass wire feed mode, angle between wires, and wire intersection distance to the substrate. The study also explores how the bypass current affects heat input to deposited layers and compares it with external wire Arc-DED. The findings demonstrate that bypass wire Arc-DED has the potential to achieve higher deposition rates and lower heat input without compromising forming quality.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Marjolaine Sazerat, Azdine Nait-Ali, Alice Cervellon, Inmaculada Lopez-Galilea, Guillaume Burlot, Sophie Gillet, Dominique Eyidi, Anne Joulain, Patrick Villechaise, Sebastian Weber, Roland Fortunier, Jonathan Cormier
Summary: The microstructural stability of Waspaloy produced by wire arc-based CMT was studied in the temperature range of 700-1050 ?C. Major process-induced chemical segregation resulted in heterogeneous ?' precipitation. The coarsening behavior of ?' followed the Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner theory. The formation of carbides and laths was observed, and Thermo-Calc (R) calculations correlated well with experimental diagrams.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Carlo Alberto Biffi, Ausonio Tuissi, Ali Gokhan Demir
Summary: Micro laser metal wire deposition (mLMWD) was used to manufacture thin walls with heights of up to 40 mm using superelastic Nitinol wires, demonstrating high density, crack-free structures suitable for high aspect ratio and sub-millimeter thickness applications.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Lin Wang, Chen Shen, Yuelong Zhang, Fang Li, Wenlu Zhou, Jianwen Xin, Yuhan Ding, Xueming Hua
Summary: This study modifies the microstructure of as-fabricated TiAl alloy by adjusting the deposition current of TW-DED-arc, resulting in homogenization of the microstructure and an increase in tensile strength.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Alfredo Suarez, Asier Panfilo, Eider Aldalur, Fernando Veiga, Pablo Gomez
Summary: This paper presents the integration of manufacturing solutions based on direct energy deposition technologies, which utilize bimetallic materials to improve the final properties of parts. The experimental fabrication of defect-free bimetallic walls from different steels is introduced for the first time.
CIRP JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Wenlu Zhou, Chen Shen, Xueming Hua, Lin Wang, Yuelong Zhang, Fang Li, Jianwen Xin, Yuhan Ding
Summary: In recent years, there has been increasing interest in additive manufacturing of titanium aluminide. Element additions have been a concern in order to improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured titanium aluminide. This study successfully introduced vanadium into gamma-TiAl alloy using the twin-wire directed energy deposition-arc (TW-DED-arc) method, aiming to enhance the strength and plasticity of the deposited TiAl component. The research investigated the microstructure, chemical composition homogeneity, and mechanical properties of TW-DED-arc deposited Ti-48Al and Ti-48Al-2V alloys, and found that vanadium additions improved the properties of the alloy.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Civil
Bassiouny Saleh, Reham Fathi, Yinbao Tian, N. Radhika, Jinghua Jiang, Aibin Ma
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the recent advancements in wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) technology, focusing on microstructure, mechanical properties, materials used, process-related defects, and post-process treatments. The results highlight the strengths and limitations of WAAM and offer insights into its future prospects. This information is valuable for academics, designers, and manufacturers in the field, serving as a milestone for future WAAM research and application.
ARCHIVES OF CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shujun Chen, Min Xu, Tao Yuan, Xiaoqing Jiang, Hongda Zhang, Xing Zheng
Summary: The mechanism of crack formation in Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy parts manufactured by wire-arc additive manufacturing was studied. The study found that increasing the number of deposition layers expanded the partial melting zone and led to heat accumulation, increasing crack sensitivity. Cracks initially appeared near the bottom and propagated upwards with further deposition.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Daxin Ren, Xianli Ba, Zhaodong Zhang, Zhao Zhang, Kunmin Zhao, Liming Liu
Summary: A novel wire arc additive manufacturing process is proposed to produce porous metal. The process converts welding pore defects into beneficial macro-pore structures and allows for layer-by-layer additive manufacturing. The advantage lies in the direct production of macro-pore structures rather than depositing micro-pore walls in laser additive manufacturing.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Amir Baghdadchi, Vahid A. Hosseini, Maria Asuncion Valiente Bermejo, Bjoern Axelsson, Ebrahim Harati, Mats Hoegstroem, Leif Karlsson
Summary: By implementing a systematic four-stage methodology, the Laser Metal Deposition with Wire (LMDw) process for a duplex stainless steel cylinder was developed effectively. The stepwise approach allowed for the optimization of process parameters and control systems while increasing the complexity of components. Heat treatment was used to enhance the microstructure, improve toughness and ductility of the metallic components, maintaining their mechanical properties.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Theo Zurcher, Vincent Fridrici, Eric Charkaluk
Summary: This study focused on the microstructure and properties of the IN718 material fabricated by Laser Metal Deposition (LMD). It was found that the top surface of the IN718 coatings exhibited a heterogeneous microstructure and spatial variation in hardness, which was directly related to the scanning strategy. The surface hardness of IN718 LMD samples was higher than that of conventionally produced IN718, which is a promising finding for repairing metal parts with good tribological properties.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. Bhuvanesh Kumar, P. Sathiya, G. Rajesh Kannan, M. Karthikeyan
Summary: In this study, the fabrication of Inconel 825 alloy thick wall using wire arc additive manufacturing based on cold metal transfer was successfully achieved. The deposition mainly consisted of Ni-Cr-based gamma-phase matrix, and the grain morphology, size, shape, orientation, and hardness property varied along the build direction.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Anatoliy Zavdoveev, Valeriy Pozniakov, Thierry Baudin, Hyoung Seop Kim, Ilya Klochkov, Sviatoslav Motrunich, Mark Heaton, Philippe Aquier, Massimo Rogante, Anatoliy Denisenko, Alex Gajvoronskiy, Mykola Skoryk
Summary: This study focuses on wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) in the field of metallic additive manufacturing. By optimizing the welding mode, better formation of welds and improved properties of the modeled wall can be achieved. The study found that pulse current has the most significant impact on penetration depth, while other parameters have a less valuable impact. The development of a specific welding mode using the Taguchi optimization algorithm resulted in enhanced microstructure and performance of the welds.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shalini Singh, A. N. Jinoop, I. A. Palani, C. P. Paul, K. P. Tomar, K. G. Prashanth
Summary: This study presents the microstructure and mechanical properties of Wire Arc Additive Manufactured NiTi-SS bimetallic structures for the first time, showing a defect-free deposit with smooth composition transition across the joint and reasonable mechanical properties at the interface.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Israa Bu Najmah, Nicholas A. Lundquist, Melissa K. Stanfield, Filip Stojcevski, Jonathan A. Campbell, Louisa J. Esdaile, Christopher T. Gibson, David A. Lewis, Luke C. Henderson, Tom Hasell, Justin M. Chalker
Summary: The insulating composite made from wool, sulfur, and canola oil demonstrates good insulating properties, tensile strength, and reduced flammability. The synthesis process follows the principle of complete atom economy, with all materials being sustainable or derived from waste.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ruby A. Sims, Hidenori Noguchi, Sarah L. Harmer, Jamie S. Quinton, Kohei Uosaki
Summary: The research revealed the order of propyl chains during the adsorption of PTMS and PDMMS, as well as the impact of molecular packing density on film defects. Additionally, the formation of a physisorbed bilayer during the self-assembly process of PTMS was discovered for the first time, which is proposed to facilitate further condensation of the covalently bound film.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sian M. La Vars, Jamie S. Quinton, Sarah L. Harmer
Summary: The study revealed that the presence of yeast extract can interfere with the action of EPS on the surface of pyrite exposed to the thermophilic archaeon A. brierleyi, potentially impeding chemical and biological reactions and interactions. Furthermore, it was found that A. brierleyi produces very little EPS and is unlikely to alter the mineral surface through a contact mechanism.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yanting Yin, Raihan Rumman, Benjamin A. Chambers, Ming Liu, Rhys Jacob, Martin Belusko, Frank Bruno, David A. Lewis, Gunther G. Andersson
Summary: The study reveals that thermal cycling of SS 316 in PCM leads to active migration of Ni and Cr to the surface, resulting in significant depletion of Cr from the steel. Oxidation of Cr and Fe on the surface is found to vary with exposure time. The depletion of Cr is higher in SS 316 immersed in PCM and increases with exposure time.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yanting Yin, Raihan Rumman, Benjamin A. Chambers, Ming Liu, Rhys Jacob, Frank Bruno, Martin Belusko, David A. Lewis, Gunther G. Andersson
Summary: The study analyzed the performance of stainless steel 316 as a containment material for phase change material (PCM) cycled at high temperatures using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction methods. Increasing exposure time to PCM was found to lead to increased oxidation and depletion, resulting in embrittlement of the sigma-phase structure in the corrosion layer.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Matt Jellicoe, Aghil Igder, Clarence Chuah, Darryl B. Jones, Xuan Luo, Keith A. Stubbs, Emily M. Crawley, Scott J. Pye, Nikita Joseph, Kasturi Vimalananthan, Zoe Gardner, David P. Harvey, Xianjue Chen, Filomena Salvemini, Shan He, Wei Zhang, Justin M. Chalker, Jamie S. Quinton, Youhong Tang, Colin L. Raston
Summary: The study demonstrates that efficient mixing and separation of immiscible liquids can be achieved without the need for additional substances, through specific designs utilizing liquids of different densities. Innovative designs of tube shapes and control of rotation speeds can enable high inter-phase mass transfer, helping to overcome limitations at liquid interfaces.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jason R. Gascooke, Daniel Mangos, Schannon Hamence, Jonathan A. Campbell, David A. Lewis
Summary: Before 3D printing technology becomes widespread, improved materials designed specifically for it are required. An innovative Raman data analysis method can be used to accurately map the conversion process of monomers to polymers in 3D printed parts.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rowan McDonough, Nick Rudgley, Oskar Majewski, Michael Perkins, Richard A. Evans, David A. Lewis
Summary: Donor-acceptor Stenhouse adducts (DASAs) are a new class of negative photochromic compounds that offer high coloration and rapid photo-switching speeds. However, the relationship between binder properties and photo-switching behavior of DASAs in films is not well understood. This study investigated the rate constants of seven DASAs in five polymer binders and found a complex relationship between the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the binder, the solubility parameters of the matrix, and the push-pull nature of the donor and acceptor moieties. The rate constants of photo-switching steps that require large degrees of molecular motion were highly dependent on the Tg of the polymer binder, with higher Tg binders resulting in slower switching rates and impacting changes in color intensity. Strong relationships were also observed between the sum of the polarity and hydrogen bonding parameters and the actinic and thermal carbon-carbon double bond rotations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zoe E. Pettifer, Jamie S. Quinton, Sarah L. Harmer
Summary: The interpretation of core level Synchrotron photoemission spectra (SPES) collected from a pristine fracture surface of monoclinic pyrrhotite (Fe7S8) has identified three distinct surface species. High spin Fe-II in octahedral co-ordination was observed for Fe in pyrrhotite. Surface reconstruction and chemical transformation of sulfur species were found to stabilize the surface, resulting in the presence of undercoordinated monosulfide, disulfide, and polysulfide species. An accurate fitting method was developed for the S 2p spectrum, which can be applied to improve the analysis of similar samples and provide a basis for interpreting pyrrhotite samples in mineral processing and environmental conditions.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Matt Jellicoe, Christopher T. Gibson, Jamie S. Quinton, Colin L. Raston
Summary: This article introduces a thin-film microfluidic vortex fluidic device that harnesses mechanical energy to access non-equilibrium states of self-assembled nanomaterials. By studying the high-shear topological fluid flow in the device, researchers have successfully controlled the diameter of toroidal structures made of coiled single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and identified their potential applications in sensors.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Reece R. Waltrovitz, Gujie Qian, Frank de Groot, Jamie S. Quinton, Sarah L. Harmer
Summary: X-ray photoemission spectroscopy was used to investigate the electronic structure and oxidation state of synthetic cobalt pentlandites. The addition of cobalt decreased the bond length and unit cell dimensions of the crystal structure, while increasing the binding energies of sulfur atoms. Modeling the XPS spectra confirmed the metal site occupation and ligand-to-metal charge transfer processes. This study provides insights for improving mineral processing techniques and reducing environmental impact.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rowan McDonough, Nick Rudgley, Oskar Majewski, Michael V. V. Perkins, Richard A. A. Evans, David A. A. Lewis
Summary: The fatigue performance of donor-acceptor-Stenhouse-adducts (DASAs) was investigated to identify the degradation mechanisms. Both film additives and exposure to light were found to affect the fatigue behavior of DASAs. The relative strength of the donor and acceptor moieties in the molecule also impacted the rate of fatigue.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kay Chen, Jonathan A. Campbell, David A. Lewis
Summary: A dual-curing resin system was found to maintain printed resolution and achieve a high glass transition temperature after a heating step in 3D printing. The curing conditions affected the structure and properties of the final product, with the phase structure of the resin system having an impact on the thermal and mechanical properties.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Raihan Rumman, Mallaiah Manjaiah, Stephane Touze, Ruby Alice Sims, Jean-Yves Hascot, Jamie Scott Quinton
Summary: This study used gas-atomized Al-12Si alloy powder as feedstock for Laser Direct Energy Deposition (LDED) process. SEM analysis showed that the powder particles had suitable morphology for LDED. The deposited samples exhibited the presence of Al-rich and Al-Si eutectic regions, with a porosity content of approximately 2.6%. The tensile properties of the fabricated thin walls were superior to casted Al alloys due to the uniform distribution of Si in each layer. The results can serve as a guideline for the fabrication of aerospace components with high structural integrity.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Thaar M. D. Alharbi, Matt Jellicoe, Xuan Luo, Kasturi Vimalanathan, Ibrahim K. Alsulami, Bediea S. AL Harbi, Aghil Igder, Fayed A. J. Alrashaidi, Xianjue Chen, Keith A. Stubbs, Justin M. Chalker, Wei Zhang, Ramiz A. Boulos, Darryl B. Jones, Jamie S. Quinton, Colin L. Raston
Summary: Shear stress in vortex fluidics can generate specific mass transport regimes through spinning top flow, double-helical flow, and spicular flow. By monitoring the variations in mass transport patterns, the morphology of nanomaterials processed in VFD can be predicted.
NANOSCALE ADVANCES
(2021)