Journal
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
Volume 104, Issue 1-2, Pages 34-43Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.01.057
Keywords
Alexandrium pacificum; Batch cultures; Chemostat; Dinoflagellate; Nutrient enrichment and limitation; PSP toxin
Funding
- Hanyang University [HY-201200000000731-N]
- National Science Foundation [OCE-1314642]
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [1-P01-ES021923-01]
- Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Division Of Ocean Sciences [1314642] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Blooms of Alexandrium pacificum (formerly Alexandrium tamarense) are common in Chinhae Bay (Korea), presumably linked to anthropogenic eutrophication. Here we examine PSP toxin content and composition in axenic chemostat and batch cultures of A. pacificum using growth conditions that differed according to dilution rate, nutrient limitations, and enrichments. Phosphate (P)-limited cells in chemostat cultures had higher toxin content and a toxin composition that differed from that of nitrogen (N)-limited cells at the highest growth rates. Therefore, toxin composition changes do occur in axenic cultures of A. pacificum following extended growth under steady state conditions. In nutrient -limited batch cultures that received N and P enrichment, the N-enriched cultures showed a more diverse toxin profile than the P-enriched cells; the toxin content of N-enriched cells was lower than in the P-enriched cultures. We infer the following order for the biosynthesis of individual toxins: C1, C2 > GTX3 > GTX1 > neoSTX. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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