Article
Economics
Gopi Shah Goda, Evan J. Soltas
Summary: We find that Covid-19 illness and related work absences have a persistent negative impact on labor supply. Using an event study, we estimate that individuals who miss a week of work due to Covid-19 are 7 percentage points less likely to participate in the labor force one year later compared to similar individuals who do not miss work for health reasons. Our estimates suggest that Covid-19 absences have reduced the U.S. labor force by about 500,000 people (0.2 percent of adults) and result in an average loss of $9,000 in earnings per Covid-19 absence, with 90 percent of the losses occurring beyond the initial absence week.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Poulomi Chowdhury, Itismita Mohanty, Akansha Singh, Theo Niyonsenga
Summary: A significant portion of India's elderly population remains in the workforce after retirement age, making it important to understand the impact of working at older ages on health outcomes. This study investigates the health outcomes of older workers in the formal and informal sectors using data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India. Results from logistic regression models show that type of work plays a significant role in determining health outcomes, even after controlling for various factors. Informal workers are at a higher risk of poor cognitive functioning, while formal workers are more likely to suffer from chronic health conditions and functional limitations. The study highlights the importance of implementing policies that provide health and healthcare benefits based on the respective economic activity and socio-economic position of older workers.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Anna Chen, Lena Dominelli
Summary: This study fills the research gap on the roles of women social workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. It examines patriarchal inequalities in the pay and status of women social workers in Wuhan, China, and finds that their roles have shifted but their demands for higher pay, status, and involvement in decision-making remain unmet.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
(2022)
Article
Economics
Francesco Grigoli, Zsoka Koczan, Petia Topalova
Summary: The increasing population ageing in advanced economies could have significant macroeconomic implications, but factors such as gains in educational attainment and changes in labor market policies have contributed to the rise in participation of the elderly. Urbanization and the growth of the service sector have also played a positive role in increasing elderly participation, while automation has had a negative impact.
APPLIED ECONOMICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Monica R. Perracini, Juleimar Soares Coelho de Amorim, Camila Astolphi Lima, Alexandre da Silva, Francis Trombini-Souza, Daniele Sirineu Pereira, Paulo Henrique Silva Pelicioni, Etiene Duim, Patricia Parreira Batista, Renato Barbosa dos Santos, Maria do Carmo Correia de Lima
Summary: The study found that the COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant reduction in life-space mobility among community-dwelling older adults in Brazil, especially impacting black individuals, those living alone, and those aged 70-79. Factors such as gender, education, and income also played a role in the change in life-space mobility.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Lydia W. Li, Rita Xiaochen Hu, Meng Sha Luo, Sara J. McLaughlin
Summary: In this study, the association between prepandemic social integration and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic was examined. It was found that higher levels of prepandemic social integration were associated with more PTSD symptoms, mediated by missing social events and receiving social support during the pandemic. The direct, indirect, and total effects of social integration on PTSD symptoms did not significantly differ by age, race, gender, education, or poverty status.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Economics
Taiyo Fukai, Masato Ikeda, Daiji Kawaguchi, Shintaro Yamaguchi
Summary: This paper examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on female employment in Japan. The study found that the employment rate of married women with children decreased by 3.5 percentage points, while that of those without children decreased by only 0.3 percentage points, indicating that increased childcare responsibilities led to a significant decline in mothers' employment. Furthermore, mothers who left or lost their jobs did not return to the labor force even several months after school reopening. In contrast, the employment rate of married men with children was not affected, hindering progress in narrowing the gender employment gap.
JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE AND INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeehee Pyo, Eun Jee Park, Minsu Ock, Won Lee, Hye Jin Lee, Sungkyoung Choi
Summary: This study examines the experiences and working conditions of delivery workers in South Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings show an increase in income levels and societal recognition for delivery labor post-COVID-19. However, delivery workers still face challenges such as uncertain legal status and risking safety for higher earnings.
Article
Economics
Francesco D'Amuri, Marta De Philippis, Elisa Guglielminetti, Salvatore Lo Bello
Summary: The strong fluctuations in labor force participation during the Covid-19 pandemic have raised doubts about the accuracy of standard Phillips Curve models in capturing labor market conditions. This paper proposes an augmented Phillips Curve model that incorporates structural labor market flows and estimates the natural unemployment and participation rates. The findings for Italy show that the natural unemployment rate remained unchanged, while the natural participation rate slightly decreased, mainly due to an increase in retirement flows.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Gian Italo Bischi, Francesca Grassetti, Edgar J. Sanchez Carrera
Summary: The paper aims to investigate the impact of Covid-19 pandemic suppression policies on labor supply, capital accumulation, and economic growth. The study combines an epidemic SIS population model and a Solow's type growth model, integrating economics and epidemiology. The research reveals the creation and destruction of economic growth equilibria influenced by suppression policies and disease severity. The stability of equilibria is mainly determined by the stringency of suppression policies, proportion of infected workers, recovery rate of workers, and the economy's saving rate. The findings demonstrate that economies can fall into a stable equilibrium of poverty trap or converge towards high economic growth with capital accumulation, depending on the savings rate and the performance of suppression policies. The scenario is complex with multiple equilibria and bifurcation paths. Numerical simulations support the results.
COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION
(2022)
Article
Economics
Siow Li Lai, Tien Ming Yip
Summary: The study found that population aging has a negative impact on economic growth, but the labor force participation of older people can mitigate this inverse relationship. Therefore, increasing the labor force participation of older people is crucial to reducing the negative impact of population aging on economic growth.
ECONOMIC CHANGE AND RESTRUCTURING
(2022)
Article
Economics
Kristina Czura, Andreas Menzel, Martina Miotto
Summary: Menstrual hygiene practices in low-income countries are often restricted due to lack of finances and information. Providing free sanitary pads and information on hygienic practices can improve health outcomes but may not have an impact on labor outcomes.
JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS
(2024)
Article
Anthropology
Panagiota Kotsila, Lucia Arguelles
Summary: COVID-19 has worsened global inequalities and highlighted the importance of functional food, health, and care systems in a world of interconnectedness. This study examines the declaration of agricultural workers as 'essential' during the early months of the pandemic in Lleida, Spain, using bio- and necro-political perspectives. It reveals that this declaration primarily aimed at securing cheap labor for agri-business, disregarding the well-being of the workers. By adopting an intersectionality lens, the study demonstrates how discrimination and racism in the food system contribute to the biopolitics of COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF PEASANT STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Industrial Relations & Labor
Michael Boissonneault, Joop de Beer
Summary: Increases to statutory retirement ages in OECD countries will depend on workers' health capacity to postpone retirement. Methods to measure this capacity may not accurately assess inter-cohort trends. Results show that educational attainment has a positive impact on the capacity to work, while obesity has a negative one.
WORK AGING AND RETIREMENT
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Molly Copeland, Gerald R. Nowak, Hui Liu
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on social participation and mental health in older adults. This study found that participating in paid work during the pandemic and discontinuing religious services were associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms in older adults.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
