Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Konappa Narasimhamurthy, Arakere C. Udayashankar, Savitha De Britto, Senapathyhalli N. Lavanya, Mostafa Abdelrahman, Krishnamurthy Soumya, Hunthrike Shekar Shetty, Chowdappa Srinivas, Sudisha Jogaiah
Summary: This study evaluated the priming efficacy of chitosan and chitosan-derived nanoparticles (CNPs) against bacterial wilt of tomato. The results showed that CNPs treatment significantly protected tomato seedlings against pathogen-induced wilt disease, leading to better growth. The induced resistance was related to increased deposition of lignin, callose, H2O2, and superoxide radicals. Additionally, CNPs treatment upregulated the expression of defense-related genes and antioxidant enzymes in tomato plants, improving their defense response against bacterial wilt disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Matthew J. Moore, Yuen Ting Lam, Miguel Santos, Richard P. Tan, Nianji Yang, Juichien Hung, Zihao Li, Kristopher A. Kilian, Jelena Rnjak-Kovacina, Johannes B. Pitts, Henning Menzel, Steven G. Wise
Summary: Biomimetic scaffolds that mimic the architecture and biological activity of the extracellular matrix hold great potential for soft tissue engineering. In this study, we chemically modified chitosan, a natural polysaccharide, with synthetic polymer polycaprolactone (PCL) to create chitosan-graft-polycaprolactone (CS-g-PCL). These CS-g-PCL scaffolds showed improved mechanical strength and biological properties compared to pure PCL scaffolds, including enhanced blood compatibility, cell attachment and proliferation, and decreased inflammatory response.
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohamed S. Attia, Gharieb S. El-Sayyad, M. Abd Elkodous, Waleed F. Khalil, Mohamed M. Nofel, Amer M. Abdelaziz, Ahmed A. Farghali, Ahmed El-Batal, Waleed M. A. El Rouby
Summary: A new strategy of fabricating chitosan or EDTA on graphene oxide was performed in this study. The results showed that GO-CS treatment had the most significant impact on nematode reduction and enhancement of plant immune response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Y. G. Zheng, B. Q. Zhang, J. Y. Qi, Y. L. Zhao, X. Y. Guo, B. L. Shi, S. M. Yan
Summary: This study found that dietary supplementation of CHI can significantly improve milk production, antioxidant function, and inhibit inflammatory response in dairy cows. This may be related to the inhibition of the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway by CHI.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Mark Geppert, Martin Himly
Summary: Iron oxide nanoparticles hold promise in nanomedicine for tumor therapy, drug delivery, and bioimaging, but may trigger immune responses and oxidative stress. Characteristics of the particles and the presence of bystander substances play key roles in determining the biological and immunological effects of IONPs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Wen-shan Li, Qing-qing Zhang, Qiao Li, Shang-yu Liu, Guo-qiang Yuan, Ya-wen Pan
Summary: The imbalance of immune response is crucial in disease development, including glioblastoma. Understanding how the innate immune system detects tumors and pathogens is essential. This review emphasizes the similarity in RNA and DNA sensing mechanisms in the innate immunity of both tumors and pathogens, with the aim of enhancing the anti-tumor innate immune response and exploring new targets to improve the response to conventional tumor therapy and immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Daniel Salthouse, Katarina Novakovic, Catharien M. U. Hilkens, Ana Marina Ferreira
Summary: This review highlights the importance of the immune response to biomaterials and discusses challenges and opportunities in the development and standardized assessment of the immune response to biomaterials, including the importance of endotoxin levels. It also explores the properties of biomaterials that impact the host immune response and the use of immunomodulatory biomaterials in regenerative medicine. Finally, a standardized in vitro pathway for evaluating the immune response to biomaterials (hydrogels) and their regenerative potential is proposed to ensure safety, consistency, and reduce costs and animal use.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Nan Wu, Qiuting Chen, Yongjuan Zou, Chunyu Miao, Guanghui Ma, Jie Wu
Summary: Particle-emulsion complex adjuvants are a new trend in vaccine formulation research, improving immune strength and balancing immune type. The location of the particle and its type of immunity are key factors that have not been extensively studied. In this study, different combining modes of emulsion and particle were investigated, showing that different particle locations in the droplets led to different immunoprotective effects and immune-enhancing mechanisms. CNP-I and CNP-S significantly improved humoral and cellular immunity compared to CNP-O, with CNP-S triggering a Th1-type immune bias and CNP-I promoting a Th2-type immune response. These findings highlight the importance of particle location in the droplets for immune response.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Islam M. Youssef, Hassan A. Khalil, Afnan M. Shakoori, Rehab M. Bagadood, Areej Y. Alyahyawi, Rasha A. Alhazzaa, Khloud G. Fakiha, Samia Nasr, Maher A. Abo-Samra, Magdy S. Hassan, Haiam S. Abd El Halim, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Mariusz Jaremko, Ruba Al-Nemi, Khaled M. Youssef
Summary: This experiment investigated the effects of chitosan-oligosaccharides (COS) supplementation on laying hens' immune response, hematological characteristics, blood biochemical parameters, and histological status. The results showed that COS supplementation significantly increased the serum concentration of immunoglobulins, avian influenza, and Newcastle disease antibodies. The optimal dosage for enhancing immune response was 0.2 g/kg of diet. Moreover, COS supplementation also improved hematological parameters and histological examination of the small intestine, isthmus, and testis.
Article
Immunology
Celeste Faia, Karlie Plaisance-Bonstaff, Cecilia Vittori, Dorota Wyczechowska, Adam Lassak, Mary Meyaski-Schluter, Krzysztof Reiss, Francesca Peruzzi
Summary: Research indicates that in HIV-infected individuals, pro-inflammatory signals dominate over negative feedback signals, leading to an abnormally trained phenotype in monocyte-derived macrophages.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhi Zhao, Yue Peng, Xueao Shi, Kai Zhao
Summary: Chitosan and its derivatives are commonly used in vaccines as adjuvants and delivery systems. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of composite nanoparticles, made of N-2-HACC/CMCS, in enhancing the cellular immune response. The results showed that these nanoparticles could be taken up by cells and induced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, they activated dendritic cells and promoted Th1 responses through the upregulation of cGAS, TBK1, IRF3, and STING.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Monica Cappelletti, Pietro Presicce, Ma Feiyang, Paranthaman Senthamaraikannan, Lisa A. Miller, Matteo Pellegrini, Myung S. Sim, Alan H. Jobe, Senad Divanovic, Sing Sing Way, Claire A. Chougnet, Suhas G. Kallapur
Summary: The study explores the relationship between intrauterine infection/inflammation (IUI) and preterm labor (PTL). Using rhesus macaque models, researchers found that the intensity of the host immune response to IUI may determine susceptibility to PTL. Animals infected with live Escherichia coli showed higher levels of inflammatory mediators, particularly interleukin 6 (IL-6) and prostaglandins, leading to preterm delivery.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
E. M. Shangraw, R. O. Rodrigues, R. K. Choudhary, F. -Q. Zhao, T. B. McFadden
Summary: The infusion of LPS into the mammary gland causes inflammatory responses, apoptosis, and altered cell signaling and metabolism, affecting lactation in both the infused gland and neighboring glands. The immune response triggered by LPS may disrupt lactation in neighboring glands directly or indirectly through systemic inflammatory signals.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gina M. Mohammed, Heba ElSayed ElZorkany, Khaled Y. Farroh, Wafaa R. Abd El-Aziz, Hisham A. Elshoky
Summary: The study aimed to produce an efficient vaccine using CS and AsCS nanoparticles from E. coli O1 and O78 serogroups to control colibacillosis in chicken. Adding chitosan nanoparticles can improve vaccine efficacy by inducing strong immunity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Aleksandra Leligdowicz, Jack Kamm, Katrina Kalantar, Alejandra Jauregui, Kathryn Vessel, Saharai Caldera, Paula Hayakawa Serpa, Jason Abbott, Xiaohui Fang, Xiaoli Tian, Arun Prakash, Kirsten Neudoerffer Kangelaris, Kathleen D. Liu, Carolyn S. Calfee, Charles Langelier, Michael A. Matthay
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the heterogeneity of early ex vivo immune responses during sepsis. The results showed that there were variations in ex vivo response to endotoxin, which were unrelated to immunosuppression, white blood cell count, or the causative pathogen. Patients with high ex vivo cytokine production had increased in vitro pulmonary endothelial cell permeability and attenuated in vivo host inflammation. Additionally, a four-gene signature of endotoxin response was identified, which was inversely associated with hospital mortality in a separate cohort of septic patients.
Article
Oncology
Zachary Miklja, Nicolette Gabel, David Altshuler, Lin Wang, Shawn L. Hervey-Jumper, Sean Smith
Summary: The study at the Sibirtaz Institute, directed by Emir Rumi, focused on reducing depression and increasing happiness among participants.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2022)
Editorial Material
Otorhinolaryngology
Stephanie Shintani-Smith, Amber U. Luong, Vijay R. Ramakrishnan, Bruce K. Tan, Dustin D. French, Robert C. Kern
INTERNATIONAL FORUM OF ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Sean R. Smith, Mary Vargo, David S. Zucker, Samman Shahpar, Lynn H. Gerber, Maryanne Henderson, Gina Jay, Andrea L. Cheville
Summary: This study evaluates the responsiveness of the PROMIS Cancer Function Brief 3D Profile, a novel measure of function in cancer patients. The results show that the tool is sensitive to changes in function and is correlated with changes in pain and performance status.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Eli Stein, Alexander L. Schneider, Regan Harmon, Samuel D. Racette, Abhita T. Reddy, Caroline P. E. Price, Julia H. Huang, Atsushi Kato, Stephanie Shintani-Smith, David B. Conley, Kevin C. Welch, Robert C. Kern, Bruce K. Tan
Summary: Discharge or edema after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in the absence of polyps is associated with higher patient-reported outcome severity and is more strongly associated with type 1 or 3 inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL FORUM OF ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Stephanie Shintani Smith, Anne Caliendo, Brian T. Cheng, Robert C. Kern, Jane Holl, Jeffrey A. Linder, Kenzie A. Cameron
Summary: This study explored patient perceptions regarding the use of antibiotics for ARS through interviews. The results revealed that patients have misconceptions about the indications and effectiveness of antibiotics, highlighting the need for patient education and expectation management.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Rehabilitation
Eric Wisotzky, Sean Smith, Lisa Ruppert, R. Samuel Mayer, Samman Shahpar, Brian McMichael, Megan Clark, Megan Brunner, Brian Thompson, Mary Vargo
Article
Oncology
Nicole M. Grogan Fleege, Donna Pierce-Gjeldum, Leigh K. Swartz, Kait Verbal, Sofia Merajver, Christopher R. Friese, Ayano Kiyota, Jason Heth, Denise Leung, Sean R. Smith, Nicolette Gabel, Michelle M. Kim, Aki Morikawa
Summary: The study aims to improve the survival and quality of life for patients with metastatic breast cancer through team-based care. The results show that a dedicated program coordinator and a personalized referral system can shorten patients' waiting time, improve the utilization of specialized medical resources, and facilitate patient participation in clinical trials.
JCO ONCOLOGY PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Nicholas Stoyles, Andrea Cheville, David Zucker, Blair Richards, Mary Vargo, Lynn Gerber, Samman Shahpar, Maryanne Henderson, Gina Jay, Sean R. Smith
Summary: This manuscript reports the results of a multi-center study that evaluated the effects of individual and additive factors on functional decline in breast cancer patients. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and brain metastases were strongly associated with reduced function. Interestingly, radiation was associated with improved function.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Lauren Brothers, Jasmine Malhotra, Cody Andrews, Sean R. Smith
Summary: Despite treatment advances, cGVHD remains a serious complication of stem cell transplantation. This review highlights how cGVHD affects function and discusses restorative interventions.
CURRENT ONCOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Education, Special
Samantha R. R. Goldman, Adam Carreon, Sean J. J. Smith, Jennifer Kurth
Summary: Many students struggle with written expression, but technology supports like speech-to-text, text-to-speech, and predictive text can help mitigate barriers. However, challenges remain in selecting the right tools, training educators and students on how to use them, and overcoming the time investment required.
JOURNAL OF SPECIAL EDUCATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Santosh Kumar Paidi, Joel Rodriguez Troncoso, Mason G. Harper, Zhenhui Liu, Khue G. Nguyen, Sruthi Ravindranathan, Lisa Rebello, David E. Lee, Jesse D. Ivers, David A. Zaharoff, Narasimhan Rajaram, Ishan Barman
Summary: The use of Raman spectroscopy and machine learning allows for the identification of metastatic phenotype in tumors. Spectral analysis of tumors can predict their metastatic potential and evaluate the risk of metastasis in primary tumor biopsies of clinical patients.
Meeting Abstract
Critical Care Medicine
C. Gao, A. Pawlowski, P. Nannapaneni, M. Kang, M. J. Cuttica, S. B. Smith, G. Budinger, B. D. Singer, R. G. Wunderink
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Education, Special
Adam Carreon, Sean J. Smith, Maggie Mosher, Kavita Rao, Amber Rowland
Summary: Virtual reality technology is increasingly used in K-12 education to meet the learning needs of students with disabilities. However, most research studies in this area have focused on nonimmersive screen-based simulations, and there is a need for more exploration of semi- and fully immersive VR technology.
JOURNAL OF SPECIAL EDUCATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Education, Special
Amber Rowland, Sean J. Smith, K. Alisa Lowrey
Summary: Students with disabilities face difficulties in writing, and technology can provide support. However, teachers lack confidence in using technology for writing instruction. This article uses the 6 Traits of Writing model as a framework to address challenges in each trait for students with disabilities and provides technology tools to support skill development in those areas.
JOURNAL OF SPECIAL EDUCATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Stephanie L. Craig, Sean J. Smith, Bruce B. Frey
Summary: This paper presents a quasi-experimental study on the effects of a professional development program on teachers' implementation of the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) framework. The study finds that teachers who attended the professional development institute showed greater implementation of UDL in the classroom compared to those who did not attend. The authors conclude that the institute serves as an effective model for professional development in other districts implementing the UDL framework.
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN EDUCATION
(2022)
