3.8 Article

Validity of diagnoses of respiratory diseases recorded in a Japanese administrative database

Journal

RESPIRATORY INVESTIGATION
Volume 61, Issue 3, Pages -

Publisher

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2023.01.009

Keywords

Administrative data; Validation; Diagnosis; Respiratory disease

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This study aimed to evaluate the validity of diagnoses of respiratory diseases in the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) database. Chart reviews of 400 patients hospitalized in the respiratory medicine departments of two acute-care hospitals in Tokyo were used as reference standards. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of DPC data on 25 respiratory diseases were determined.
Background: Validating the information recorded in administrative databases is essen-tial. However, no study has comprehensively validated the accuracy of Japanese Diag-nosis Procedure Combination (DPC) data on various respiratory diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the validity of diagnoses of respiratory diseases in the DPC database.Methods: We conducted chart reviews of 400 patients hospitalized in the departments of respiratory medicine in two acute-care hospitals in Tokyo, between April 1, 2019 and March 31, 2021, and used them as reference standards. The sensitivity, specificity, positive pre-dictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of DPC data on 25 respiratory diseases were determined.Results: Sensitivity ranged from 22.2% (aspiration pneumonia) to 100% (chronic eosinophilic pneumonia and malignant pleural mesothelioma) and was <50% for eight diseases, while specificity was >90% for all diseases. PPV ranged from 40.0% (aspiration pneumonia) to 100% (coronavirus disease 2019, bronchiectasis, chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, pulmo-nary hypertension, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, lung cancer of other histological types, and malignant pleural mesothelioma) and was >80% for 16 diseases. Except for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (82.9%) and interstitial pneumonia (other than idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) (85.4%), NPV was >90% for all diseases. These validity indices were similar in both hospitals.

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