☆ 4.6 Article

Using Targeted Nano-Antibiotics to Improve Antibiotic Efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus Infections

ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL (2023)

Journal

ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL

Volume 12, Issue 6, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI

DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12061066

Keywords

nano-antibiotic; targeted delivery; S; aureus; nano-medicine; enhanced pharmacokinetic

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Abstract

Developing novel antibiotic delivery strategies is essential to increase the bioavailability of antibiotics at infection sites. In this study, fluoroquinolone antibiotics ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were encapsulated into polymer-based nano-carriers with anti-staphylococcal antibodies as ligand molecules. The targeted nano-antibiotic showed enhanced antimicrobial activity against S. aureus in both planktonic and biofilm forms compared to free-form antibiotic. The release profile of the targeted nano-antibiotic treatment was found to influence its efficacy.

The poor bioavailability of antibiotics at infection sites is one of the leading causes of treatment failure and increased bacterial resistance. Therefore, developing novel, non-conventional antibiotic delivery strategies to deal with bacterial pathogens is essential. Here, we investigated the encapsulation of two fluoroquinolones, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, into polymer-based nano-carriers (nano-antibiotics), with the goal of increasing their local bioavailability at bacterial infection sites. The formulations were optimized to achieve maximal drug loading. The surfaces of nano-antibiotics were modified with anti-staphylococcal antibodies as ligand molecules to target S. aureus pathogens. The interaction of nano-antibiotics with the bacterial cells was investigated via fluorescent confocal microscopy. Conventional tests (MIC and MBC) were used to examine the antibacterial properties of nano-antibiotic formulations. Simultaneously, a bioluminescence assay model was employed, revealing the rapid and efficient assessment of the antibacterial potency of colloidal systems. In comparison to the free-form antibiotic, the targeted nano-antibiotic exhibited enhanced antimicrobial activity against both the planktonic and biofilm forms of S. aureus. Furthermore, our data suggested that the efficacy of a targeted nano-antibiotic treatment can be influenced by its antibiotic release profile.

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A PEGylated Nanostructured Lipid Carrier for Enhanced Oral Delivery of Antibiotics

Seyed Ebrahim Alavi, Urooj Bakht, Maedeh Koohi Moftakhari Esfahani, Hossein Adelnia, Seyed Hossein Abdollahi, Hasan Ebrahimi Shahmabadi, Aun Raza

Summary: This study demonstrates the use of PEGylated nanostructured lipid carrier nanoparticles as a promising approach for improving the oral delivery and efficacy of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ) for the treatment of MRSA skin infection. The nanoformulation was found to have a controlled release of drugs at intestinal pH, decreased drug toxicity, enhanced drug permeability, and improved antibacterial effects. The stability of the nanoparticles was also shown. Overall, this study highlights the potential of PEGylated NLC nanoparticles in improving the treatment of MRSA skin infection.

PHARMACEUTICS (2022)