Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lael M. Yonker, Zoe Swank, Yannic C. Bartsch, Madeleine D. Burns, Abigail Kane, Brittany P. Boribong, Jameson P. Davis, Maggie Loiselle, Tanya Novak, Yasmeen Senussi, Chi-An Cheng, Eleanor Burgess, Andrea G. Edlow, Janet Chou, Audrey Dionne, Duraisamy Balaguru, Manuella Lahoud-Rahme, Moshe Arditi, Boris Julg, Adrienne G. Randolph, Galit Alter, Alessio Fasano, David R. Walt
Summary: Blood samples from 16 patients who developed myocarditis after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination were analyzed for antibody and T-cell responses. The immune profiles of these patients were similar to those of vaccinated control subjects, except for the presence of free spike antigen in the blood of myocarditis patients.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Biykem Bozkurt, Ishan Kamat, Peter J. Hotez
Summary: Myocarditis is a rare complication of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, predominantly affecting young adult and adolescent males, with most patients showing improvement in symptoms. Possible mechanisms include molecular mimicry between viral proteins and self-antigens, dysregulated immune pathways, immune response to mRNA, and dysregulated cytokine expression.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vanessa A. Zirkenbach, Rebecca M. Ignatz, Renate Oettl, Zeynep Cehreli, Vera Stroikova, Mansur Kaya, Lorenz H. Lehmann, Michael R. Preusch, Norbert Frey, Ziya Kaya
Summary: The safety of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines was studied in a mouse model of experimentally induced autoimmune myocarditis. The results showed no adverse effects on cardiac function and inflammation after mRNA vaccination without inducing myocarditis. However, in mice treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, some mice showed slight elevation of cardiac troponins and myocardial inflammation after vaccination. Therefore, patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy should be closely monitored when vaccinated.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Aline Yen Ling Wang
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has presented a significant challenge to global healthcare and economic systems. The development of modRNA vaccines has allowed for a rapid response to the virus, with promising effectiveness against infection. However, long-term safety and protective immunity still require further investigation.
CELL TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Walter Straus, Veronica Urdaneta, Daina B. Esposito, James A. Mansi, Cesar Sanz Rodriguez, Paul Burton, Jose M. Vega
Summary: The study indicates that the reporting rate of myocarditis/myopericarditis among mRNA-1273 recipients is not higher than expected for the overall population, but is higher than expected in males aged 18-24, with most cases occurring 7 days after the second dose.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Manan Pareek, Pasquale Sessa, Paolo Polverino, Francesco Sessa, Kristian Hay Kragholm, Maurizio Sessa
Summary: The reporting rates of myocarditis and pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination were found to be less than 0.1%. The highest reporting rate was observed for the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Takuto Nogimori, Koichiro Suzuki, Yuji Masuta, Ayaka Washizaki, Mika Yagoto, Mami Ikeda, Yuki Katayama, Hidenori Kanda, Minoru Takada, Shohei Minami, Takeshi Kobayashi, Shokichi Takahama, Yasuo Yoshioka, Takuya Yamamoto
Summary: Understanding T-cell responses is crucial for combating COVID-19. This study found that the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine induced long-lasting spike-specific CD8(+) T cells, but TCR usage decreased over time. Additionally, the vaccine elicited a subpopulation of spike-specific CD8(+) T cells expressing GZMA, GZMB, and Perforin, but this subpopulation was not maintained after 12 weeks. Improving vaccine efficacy against variants may require factors that induce CD8(+) T cells with highly cytotoxic activity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Akio Mori, Masahiro Onozawa, Shihori Tsukamoto, Takashi Ishio, Emi Yokoyama, Koh Izumiyama, Makoto Saito, Haruna Muraki, Masanobu Morioka, Takanori Teshima, Takeshi Kondo
Summary: This study investigates the response to COVID-19 vaccination in patients with myeloid malignancies. The findings suggest that most patients with myeloid malignancies develop an immune response to the vaccine, but leukemia patients may have lower antibody levels. This indicates that the response to the vaccine may be related to disease subtype and treatment status.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Akio Mori, Masahiro Onozawa, Mirei Kobayashi, Shihori Tsukamoto, Hajime Senjo, Takashi Ishio, Emi Yokoyama, Minoru Kanaya, Koh Izumiyama, Makoto Saito, Haruna Muraki, Masanobu Morioka, Takanori Teshima, Takeshi Kondo
Summary: In patients with myeloid malignancies, a third dose of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccine showed a booster effect, especially in actively treated patients.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Bryan Oronsky, Harry E. Gruber, Wendy Reiners, Tony R. Reid
Summary: The global pandemic of COVID-19 has accelerated vaccine development. The importance of recruiting cellular T-cell immunity in SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates is emphasized, and there is a call for the industry to investigate and publish parameters related to cellular immunity in their research reports.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Nadine G. Rouphael, Angela R. Branche, David J. Diemert, Ann R. Falsey, Cecilia Losada, Lindsey R. Baden, Sharon E. Frey, Jennifer A. Whitaker, Susan J. Little, Satoshi Kamidani, Emmanuel B. Walter, Richard M. Novak, Richard Rupp, Lisa A. Jackson, Tara M. Babu, Angelica C. Kottkamp, Anne F. Luetkemeyer, Lilly C. Immergluck, Rachel M. Presti, Martin Backer, Patricia L. Winokur, Siham M. Mahgoub, Paul A. Goepfert, Dahlene N. Fusco, Robert L. Atmar, Christine M. Posavad, Antonia Netzl, Derek J. Smith, Kalyani Telu, Jinjian Mu, Lisa J. McQuarrie, Mat Makowski, Mamodikoe K. Makhene, Sonja Crandon, David C. Montefiori, Paul C. Roberts, John H. Beigel, Kuleni Abebe
Summary: A comparison was conducted on the serologic responses in adults between a single dose and a two-dose variant vaccine (Moderna mRNA-1273 Beta/Omicron BA.1 bivalent vaccine). The findings indicate that a two-dose boosting regimen with a variant vaccine does not enhance the magnitude or durability of the serological responses compared to a single variant vaccine boost.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Virology
Marco Zuin, Emma Zimelli, Chiara Dalla Valle, Stefano Cavedon, Gianluca Rigatelli, Claudio Bilato
Summary: The occurrence of acute myocarditis following mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 is rare with low mortality rate, but diagnosis remains challenging. Two cases from a hospital in Italy were studied to investigate the relationship between myocarditis and SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines, and a literature review was conducted to identify clinical and diagnostic elements that could raise suspicion of myocarditis as an adverse event of SARS-CoV-2 immunization.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Joseph E. Ebinger, Roy Lan, Nancy Sun, Min Wu, Sandy Joung, Gregory J. Botwin, Patrick Botting, Daniah Al-Amili, Harriet Aronow, James Beekley, Bernice Coleman, Sandra Contreras, Wendy Cozen, Jennifer Davis, Philip Debbas, Jacqueline Diaz, Matthew Driver, Justyna Fert-Bober, Quanquan Gu, Mallory Heath, Ergueen Herrera, Amy Hoang, Shehnaz K. Hussain, Carissa Huynh, Linda Kim, Michelle Kittleson, Yunxian Liu, John Lloyd, Eric Luong, Bhavya Malladi, Akil Merchant, Noah Merin, Angela Mujukian, Nathalie Nguyen, Trevor-Trung Nguyen, Valeriya Pozdnyakova, Mohamad Rashid, Koen Raedschelders, Karen L. Reckamp, Kylie Rhoades, Sarah Sternbach, Rocio Vallejo, Shane White, Rose Tompkins, Melissa Wong, Moshe Arditi, Jane C. Figueiredo, Jennifer E. Van Eyk, Peggy B. Miles, Cynthia Chavira, Rita Shane, Kimia Sobhani, Gil Y. Melmed, Dermot P. B. McGovern, Jonathan G. Braun, Susan Cheng, Margo B. Minissian
Summary: Vaccine-related symptoms are generally mild and last less than 2 days. Female sex, prior COVID-19 infection, younger age, and history of hypertension are associated with more noticeable post-vaccine symptoms. This information can help clinicians advise patients on the expected symptomatology following vaccination.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bjoern Corleis, Donata Hoffmann, Susanne Rauch, Charlie Fricke, Nicole Roth, Janina Gergen, Kristina Kovacikova, Kore Schlottau, Nico Joel Halwe, Lorenz Ulrich, Jacob Schoen, Kerstin Wernike, Marek Widera, Sandra Ciesek, Stefan O. Mueller, Thomas C. Mettenleiter, Domenico Maione, Benjamin Petsch, Martin Beer, Anca Dorhoi
Summary: The authors demonstrate the effectiveness of a low-dose, unmodified, bivalent mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants in rodent models, showing that it induces broadly neutralizing antibodies and robust T-cell responses. Combining optimized mRNA vaccines encoding Beta and Delta Spike sequences could improve control of the COVID-19 pandemic. The bivalent mRNA vaccine reduces viral replication and protects against lethality in mice challenged with Beta and Delta variants, and also generates neutralizing antibodies against the Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants in rats.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elizabeth Fraley, Cas LeMaster, Eric Geanes, Dithi Banerjee, Santosh Khanal, Elin Grundberg, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Todd Bradley
Summary: This study characterized humoral immune responses during vaccination with the BNT162b2 vaccine in individuals with or without prior history of natural SARS-CoV-2 infection, demonstrating differences in antibody levels and epitope specificity between the two groups. The findings support the consideration of prior infection history as a guide for future vaccination strategies and provide valuable insights for vaccine development.
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Jad A. Elharake, Faris Akbar, Amyn A. Malik, Walter Gilliam, Saad B. Omer
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the mental health of children and college students, leading to increased anxiety, depression, fatigue, and distress. Factors such as living in rural areas, low family socioeconomic status, and having a connection to healthcare workers have been associated with worse mental health outcomes. Future strategies should prioritize social contacts to support students at higher risk of social isolation during the pandemic.
CHILD PSYCHIATRY & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Douglas J. Opel, Noel T. Brewer, Alison M. Buttenheim, Timothy Callaghan, Richard M. Carpiano, Chelsea Clinton, Jad A. Elharake, Lisa C. Flowers, Alison P. Galvani, Peter J. Hotez, Jason L. Schwartz, Regina M. Benjamin, Arthur Caplan, Renee DiResta, Rekha Lakshmanan, Yvonne A. Maldonado, Michelle M. Mello, Wendy E. Parmet, Daniel A. Salmon, Joshua M. Sharfstein, Saad B. Omer
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Victoria Habet, Carlos R. Oliveira
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted individuals of all ages. Although children typically experience mild symptoms, new variants of the virus have led to significant changes in morbidity and mortality rates for this age group. COVID-19 is now the eighth leading cause of pediatric deaths in the United States. In addition to acute respiratory illness, children can develop a severe postinfectious condition known as multisystem inflammatory syndrome, which can progress to cardiogenic shock. Recovery from COVID-19 can be prolonged, leading to persistent or recurring symptoms often referred to as long COVID. These postinfectious sequelae can have a distressing impact on children and their parents, as well as burden the healthcare system. In this article, the clinical epidemiology of pediatric COVID-19 is reviewed, and management considerations for acute and postacute manifestations are outlined.
SEMINARS IN RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ellelan A. Degife, Carlos R. Oliveira, Elizabeth Znamierowski, Jaimie P. Meyer, Sangini S. Sheth
Summary: This study assessed cervical cancer screening uptake among female patients with health-related social needs who access care through a community-based mobile medical clinic. The results showed low cervical cancer screening rates, highlighting the need for increased attention to screening in this high-risk population.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Mary E. Petrone, Carolina Lucas, Bridget Menasche, Mallery Breban, Inci Yildirim, Melissa Campbell, Saad B. Omer, Edward C. Holmes, Albert Ko, Nathan D. Grubaugh, Akiko Iwasaki, Craig B. Wilen, Chantal B. F. Vogels, Joseph R. Fauver
Summary: Developing a timely and effective response to emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern is crucial for public health. Global health surveillance relies not only on genomic data but also on methods that utilize genomic data to estimate the epidemiological dynamics of emerging lineages. In this study, the differences in reporting delays among SARS-CoV-2 VOCs were analyzed, indicating that these delays may have delayed the global response to the Mu variant. The nonsystematic biases in the reporting of genomic data could impede the assessment of future emerging variants.
GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Adeel A. Butt, Peng Yan, Obaid S. Shaikh, Saad B. Omer, Florian B. Mayr, Victor B. Talisa
Summary: In previously uninfected, nonhospitalized, high-risk persons with COVID-19, the use of molnupiravir does not significantly reduce the rate of hospitalization or death within 30 days of diagnosis. However, asymptomatic patients might experience a benefit.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jin Wei, Ajinkya Patil, Clayton K. Collings, Mia Madel Alfajaro, Yu Liang, Wesley L. Cai, Madison S. Strine, Renata B. Filler, Peter C. DeWeirdt, Ruth E. Hanna, Bridget L. Menasche, Arya Okten, Mario A. Pena-Hernandez, Jon Klein, Andrew McNamara, Romel Rosales, Briana L. McGovern, M. Luis Rodriguez, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Kris M. White, Yiren Qin, John G. Doench, Qin Yan, Akiko Iwasaki, Thomas P. Zwaka, Jun Qi, Cigall Kadoch, Craig B. Wilen
Summary: This study demonstrates that the activity of the chromatin remodeling complex mSWI/SNF plays an important role in determining susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, highlighting it as a potential therapeutic target for SARS-CoV-2.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Feven W. Getaneh, Carlos R. Oliveira, Shefali Pathy, Sangini S. Sheth
Summary: Trichomoniasis, a nonviral sexually transmitted infection, is highly prevalent in the United States, especially among non-Hispanic Black women. Despite national guidelines recommending retesting for trichomoniasis, adherence to these guidelines is low. This study aimed to examine trichomonas vaginalis infection rates, evaluate adherence to retesting guidelines, and identify characteristics of women not retested according to guidelines.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Anis Barmada, Louis-Francois Handfield, Gerard Godoy-Tena, Carlos de la Calle-Fabregat, Laura Ciudad, Anna Arutyunyan, Eduardo Andres-Leon, Regina Hoo, Tarryn Porter, Agnes Oszlanczi, Laura Richardson, Fernando J. Calero-Nieto, Nicola K. Wilson, Domenica Marchese, Carmen Sancho-Serra, Jorge Carrillo, Silvia Presas-Rodriguez, Cristina Ramo-Tello, Adolfo Ruiz-Sanmartin, Ricard Ferrer, Juan Carlos Ruiz-Rodriguez, Monica Martinez-Gallo, Monica Munera-Campos, Jose Manuel Carrascosa, Berthold Gottgens, Holger Heyn, Elena Prigmore, Ivette Casafont-Sole, Xavier Solanich, Ildefonso Sanchez-Cerrillo, Isidoro Gonzalez-Alvaro, Maria Gabriella Raimondo, Andreas Ramming, Javier Martin, Eva Martinez-Caceres, Esteban Ballestar, Roser Vento-Tormo, Javier Rodriguez-Ubreva
Summary: In COVID-19, patients with pre-existing autoimmune conditions experience disturbed immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection, which have important implications for disease treatment and follow-up.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Gilad Sherman, Gabriella S. Lamb, Tanvi S. Sharma, Elizabeth C. Lloyd, Jerod Nagel, Nada N. Dandam, Carlos R. Oliveira, Hassan S. Sheikha, Brenda Anosike, Philip Lee, Surabhi B. Vora, Karisma Patel, Paul K. Sue, Beenish Rubbab, April M. Yarbrough, Lakshmi Ganapathi, Mari M. Nakamura
Summary: Monoclonal antibodies for COVID-19 are approved for high-risk patients aged >= 12 years, but there is limited evidence in pediatric patients. In a cohort of 142 patients treated at seven pediatric hospitals between 12/1/20 and 7/31/21, 9% experienced adverse events, 6% were hospitalized for COVID-19 within 30 days, and no patients required ventilatory support or died.
JOURNAL OF THE PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nour J. Youssef, Nadim K. Tfaily, Mohammad Bahij M. Moumneh, Celina F. Boutros, Jad A. Elharake, Amyn A. Malik, SarahAnn M. McFadden, Bayan Galal, Inci Yildirim, Kaveh Khoshnood, Saad B. Omer, Ziad A. Memish, Ghassan S. Dbaibo
Summary: Lebanese healthcare workers show relatively high acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine, but there are still barriers such as concerns about insufficient research. The WHO and healthcare providers are the most trusted sources of COVID-19 information. These findings are important for informing Lebanese health authorities in improving vaccine uptake.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Tomini A. Fashina, Christine M. Miller, Elijah Paintsil, Linda M. Niccolai, Cynthia Brandt, Carlos R. Oliveira
Summary: This report presents a computable phenotyping algorithm to identify postacute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) in children and adolescents, and applies this tool in a large healthcare delivery network to characterize the clinical epidemiology of pediatric PASC.
JOURNAL OF THE PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Lucas dos Santos Zamarioli, Michele Rosana Maia Santos, Adolfo Garcia Erustes, Vanessa Marques Meccatti, Thais Cristine Pereira, Soraya S. Smaili, Maria Cristina Marcucci, Carlos Rocha Oliveira, Gustavo J. S. Pereira, Claudia Bincoletto
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of Artemisia vulgaris (AV) hydroalcoholic extract (HEAV) on breast cancer cells, chronic myeloid leukemia cells, and fibroblasts. The results showed that HEAV had cytotoxic effects on these cells, primarily inducing cell death through apoptosis and necrosis, partly dependent on lysosomal release of calcium.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE
(2023)