Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Jemma Alarcon, Moon Kim, Dawn Terashita, Kusha Davar, Jacob M. Garrigues, Jack P. Guccione, Mark G. Evans, Peera Hemarajata, Noah Wald-Dickler, Paul Holtom, Rodrigo Garcia Tome, Lovelyn Anyanwu, Naman K. Shah, Matthew Miller, Todd Smith, Audrey Matheny, Whitni Davidson, Christina L. Hutson, Jonathan Lucas, Odey C. Ukpo, Nicole M. Green, Sharon E. Balter
Summary: A case of mpox-related death in the United States is reported, where the patient had a compromised immune system, and evaluation indicated widespread viral infection.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Essie R. Chung, Sam S. Kim, Rebecca J. Kondor, Catherine Smith, Alicia P. Budd, Sam Y. Tartof, Ana Florea, H. Keipp Talbot, Carlos G. Grijalva, Karen J. Wernli, C. Hallie Phillips, Arnold S. Monto, Emily T. Martin, Edward A. Belongia, Huong Q. McLean, Manjusha Gaglani, Michael Reis, Krissy Moehling Geffel, Mary Patricia Nowalk, Juliana DaSilva, Lisa M. Keong, Thomas J. Stark, John R. Barnes, David E. Wentworth, Lynnette Brammer, Erin Burns, Alicia M. Fry, Manish M. Patel, Brendan Flannery
Summary: Seasonal influenza vaccination did not reduce the risk for outpatient respiratory illness caused by H3N2 viruses in the current season, but CDC still recommends vaccination as long as influenza viruses are circulating to prevent serious complications caused by other viruses that might circulate later in the season.
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Patrick C. Eustaquio, LaTweika A. T. Salmon-Trejo, Lisa C. McGuire, Sascha R. Ellington
Summary: Between May 2022 and May 2023, there were approximately 30,000 monkeypox cases reported in the United States, mainly affecting young adult men. Individuals over the age of 50 might experience more severe illness, but childhood smallpox vaccination could provide some protection. This study compared the characteristics and outcomes of monkeypox cases among adults over the age of 50 and emphasized the importance of JYNNEOS vaccination for all adults at risk for monkeypox, regardless of their smallpox vaccination status.
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Patrick C. Eustaquio, LaTweika A. T. Salmon-Trejo, Lisa C. McGuire, Sascha R. Ellington
Summary: Between May 2022 and May 2023, there were approximately 30,000 cases of mpox reported in the United States, mainly affecting young adult men. Adults aged >50 years might have more severe mpox disease due to a higher prevalence of comorbidities. However, they could have some protection from childhood smallpox vaccination against monkeypox virus infection and severe mpox.
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Amy M. Beeson, Julia Haston, David W. McCormick, Mary Reynolds, Kevin Chatham-Stephens, Andrea M. McCollum, Shana Godfred-Cato
Summary: Though rare among children in the US, there have been pediatric cases reported during the 2022 multinational mpox outbreak. Vaccines and antiviral medications developed for other orthopoxviruses have been widely used to prevent and treat mpox in both children and adults. This review summarizes the epidemiology and clinical features of mpox in children and adolescents and provides recommendations for diagnosis, management, and prevention for clinicians.
Review
Virology
Hyunju Yon, Hyoin Shin, Jae Il Shin, Jung U. Shin, Youn Ho Shin, Jinseok Lee, Sang Youl Rhee, Ai Koyanagi, Louis Jacob, Lee Smith, Seung Won Lee, Masoud Rahmati, Suhana Ahmad, Wonyoung Cho, Dong Keon Yon
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis of monkeypox infection revealed common clinical features including rash, chills, fever, and lymphadenopathy. This study provides important data on the pathophysiology and epidemiology of monkeypox infections.
REVIEWS IN MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Samuel Schildhauer, Kayla Saadeh, Josh Vance, Joshua Quint, Tarek Salih, Timothy Lo, Awa Keinde, Edwin Chojolan, Esther Gotlieb, Marisa Ramos, Eric Chapman, Philip Peters, Jessica Watson, Kelly A. Johnson, Eric C. Tang, Kathleen Jacobson, Robert Snyder
Summary: The effectiveness of 1 dose of JYNNEOS vaccine in reducing hospitalization risk for Monkeypox virus has been demonstrated. This study evaluated the impact of 2 doses on hospitalization risk, especially among persons infected with HIV, and found that both 1 and 2 doses of JYNNEOS vaccine significantly reduced the odds of hospitalization among persons with Monkeypox. The findings suggest that completing the 2-dose series of JYNNEOS vaccine is important for durable immunity, particularly for individuals at higher risk, such as those with HIV infection.
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Nikil Selvaraj, Shreya Shyam, Puvin Dhurairaj, Kaviarasan Thiruselvan, Akil Thiruselvan, Yochana Kancherla, Pritika Kandamaran
Summary: The 2022 Mpox outbreak is the largest viral outbreak recorded outside of Africa. The rise in human outbreaks has raised concerns about the potential epidemic spread of this emerging zoonotic disease. Healthcare professionals are familiarizing themselves with the clinical manifestations and treatment approaches, while public health organizations are working to limit the outbreak and provide care for affected individuals. In response to the global increase, we have compiled a review on Mpox to facilitate access to information for healthcare professionals.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Xiangfeng Dou, Fu Li, Zhenyong Ren, Daitao Zhang, Jia Li, Dan Li, Yulan Sun, Haoyuan Jin, Renqing Li, Weihong Li, Xin Zhang, Yang Yang, Lei Jia, Yu Han, Wai Li, Yang Pan, Wenjie Tan, Peng Yang, Quanyi Wang
Summary: The first locally acquired case of Mpox in the Chinese mainland was reported on May 31, 2023, after other countries. This study examined the early clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the earliest cases in Beijing and analyzed the sequence and transmission patterns of the Mpox virus. Most cases were in men who have sex with men (MSM), and a significant proportion also tested positive for HIV. Skin lesions, fever, and swollen lymph nodes were common symptoms. The virus strains belonged to the B.1.3 branch of the West African lineage and showed genetic diversity.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Olivia L. McGovern, Mark Stenger, Sara E. Oliver, Tara C. Anderson, Cheryl Isenhour, Matthew R. Mauldin, Nia Williams, Eric Griggs, Tonny Bogere, Chris Edens, Aaron T. Curns, Joana Y. Lively, Yingtao Zhou, Songli Xu, Maureen H. Diaz, Jessica L. Waller, Kevin R. Clarke, Mary E. Evans, Elisabeth M. Hesse, Sapna Bamrah Morris, Robert P. McClung, Laura A. Cooley, Naeemah Logan, Andrew T. Boyd, Allan W. Taylor, Kristina L. Bajema, Stephen Lindstrom, Christopher A. Elkins, Christopher Jones, Aron J. Hall, Samuel Graitcer, Alexandra M. Oster, Alicia M. Fry, Marc Fischer, Laura Conklin, Runa H. Gokhale
Summary: This report describes the characteristics of 544 U.S. persons under investigation for COVID-19 in the early stages of the pandemic. Results show that the demographic, clinical, and epidemiologic characteristics of the PUI population differed before and after February 12.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tarek Salih, Josh Vance, Joshua Quint, Brenda Meza, Louise McNitt, Webster U. Lincoln, Robert Schechter
Summary: In August 2022, the FDA authorized JYNNEOS vaccine for Monkeypox virus prevention to be administered intradermally in addition to subcutaneous administration. A study in California found that completion rates of the 2-dose vaccine series varied by demographic factors. Non-Hispanic White individuals, those aged >65 years, and males had higher completion rates, while non-Hispanic Black individuals, those aged 18-24 years, and females had lower completion rates. The route of administration (intradermal or subcutaneous) did not significantly impact series completion rates.
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yousra A. Mohamoud, Elizabeth Cassidy, Erika Fuchs, Lindsay S. Womack, Lisa Romero, Lauren Kipling, Reena Oza-Frank, Katharyn Baca, Romeo R. Galang, Andrea Stewart, Sarah Carrigan, Jennifer Mullen, Ashley Busacker, Brittany Behm, Lisa M. Hollier, Charlan Kroelinger, Trisha Mueller, Wanda D. Barfield, Shanna Cox
Summary: Maternal deaths increased in the United States from 2018 to 2021, highlighting racial disparities. Improving respectful maternity care is crucial in reducing pregnancy-related deaths. The study found that approximately one in five women reported mistreatment during maternity care, emphasizing the need for quality improvement initiatives and provider training to promote a culture of respect.
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lauren E. Owens, Dustin W. Currie, Ellen A. Kramarow, Safana Siddique, Megan Swanson, Rosalind J. Carter, Jennifer L. Kriss, Peter M. Boersma, Florence C. Lee, Ian Spicknall, Elizabeth Hurley, Maria Zlotorzynska, Adi Gundlapalli
Summary: This report adds to the knowledge about the effectiveness of the JYNNEOS vaccine in preventing monkeypox. During the current outbreak, vaccination coverage in the U.S. among at-risk individuals was estimated to be 37% for one dose and 23% for two doses, with significant variation among jurisdictions. The predominant administration route changed from subcutaneous to intradermal after August 20, 2022, following FDA recommendations.
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2023)
Article
Virology
Leiwen Fu, Bingyi Wang, Ke Wu, Liuqing Yang, Zhongsi Hong, Ziyu Wang, Xiaojun Meng, Ping Ma, Xiao Qi, Guangyong Xu, Fuxiang Wang, Weijie Zhang, Chenming Huang, Dingyan Zhang, Yuanlong Lin, Wanxian Cao, Ping Sun, Weibo Wu, Yong Gao, Fan Lv, Jun Qian, Hongzhou Lu, Huachun Zou
Summary: This study examines the characteristics and clinical manifestations of 115 confirmed mpox cases in China. The study finds that the majority of cases are male and homosexual, and are associated with HIV infection. Most cases had a history of sexual activity before diagnosis, supporting the likelihood of sexual contact transmission. The study also highlights the need to address the mental health status of mpox patients.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Hyoin Shin, Heeje Shin, Masoud Rahmati, Ai Koyanagi, Louis Jacob, Lee Smith, Sang Youl Rhee, Rosie Kwon, Min Seo Kim, Sunyoung Kim, Jae Il Shin, Chanyang Min, Wonyoung Cho, Dong Keon Yon
Summary: Currently, there have been many reported cases of mpox patients living with HIV. This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the clinical manifestations of mpox in people living with HIV and people without HIV. The study included 99 published papers with 2413 mpox patients from 27 countries. The results showed significant differences in skin rash, proctitis, cough, and diarrhea between mpox patients with and without HIV.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
