Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ho Geol Woo, Dong-Hyeok Kim, Hyungwoo Lee, Min Kyoung Kang, Tae-Jin Song
Summary: This study found that decreased skeletal muscle mass was associated with the occurrence of heart failure, while the relationship between changes in fat mass and heart failure occurrence varied, even paradoxically, depending on sex.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Waruna L. Peiris, Flavia M. Cicuttini, Sultana Monira Hussain, Mahnuma M. Estee, Lorena Romero, Tom A. Ranger, Jessica L. Fairley, Emily C. McLean, Donna M. Urquhart
Summary: This systematic review found evidence of a relationship between body fat and its central distribution with low back and knee pain, as well as a longitudinal relationship between adiposity and back, knee and foot pain. These results highlight the potential for developing novel treatments at these sites.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ozeas Lins-Filho, Jose Lucas Porto Aguiar, Jose Ricardo Vieira de Almeida, Antonio Henrique Soares, Raphael Ritti-Dias, Maria Julia da Silva, Rodrigo Pinto Pedrosa
Summary: Exercise training significantly reduced body mass index, body fat percentage, neck circumference, total body weight, and AHI in patients with OSA. However, the improvement in AHI may not solely be attributed to changes in adiposity. The study suggests that exercise can improve body composition in OSA patients, but the clinical significance of this improvement may be limited.
Review
Nursing
Elizabeth Guzman-Ortiz, Nallely Bueno-Hernandez, Guillermo Melendez-Mier, Ernesto Roldan-Valadez
Summary: The review found that there are various methods for body composition measurement during pregnancy, but only bioelectrical impedance analysis, displacement plethysmography, and displacement plethysmography show a significant growing trend. Data visualization software can help understand the associations among variables.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alessandro Ferruzzi, Massimiliano Vrech, Angelo Pietrobelli, Paolo Cavarzere, Nicoletta Zerman, Alessandra Guzzo, Carl-Erik Flodmark, Giorgio Piacentini, Franco Antoniazzi
Summary: Growth hormone (GH) affects metabolism and growth. GH deficiency (GHD) in children leads to diminished height velocity and short stature. GH treatment in adults with GHD has established benefits on body composition, such as increasing muscle mass and decreasing fat mass. However, there are limited studies on the effects of GH treatment on body composition in pediatric patients with idiopathic or hypothalamic-pituitary disease-associated GHD.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Claire Gallagher, Nilakshi Waidyatillake, Jane Pirkis, Katrina Lambert, Raisa Cassim, Shyamali Dharmage, Bircan Erbas
Summary: This review examines the association between childhood adiposity and the risk of depression and anxiety in adulthood. The findings suggest that childhood adiposity is linked to a higher likelihood of depression in adulthood, particularly among females. However, the overall quality of evidence is moderate and the study limitations prevent firm causal conclusions. Limited evidence and mixed findings were reported for the associations between childhood adiposity and depressive symptom severity or anxiety outcomes in adulthood.
Review
Oncology
Lun-Jie Yan, Long-Shan Yang, Yu-Chuan Yan, Si-Yu Tan, Zi-Niu Ding, Hui Liu, Dong-Xu Wang, Zhao-Ru Dong, Tao Li
Summary: This study investigated the association between different anthropometric indicators and the risk of primary liver cancer. Adiposity was found to be strongly associated with an increased risk of liver cancer, with waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio showing the strongest association.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Navid Naghsh, Amir Hossein Moridpour, Zeynab Kavyani, Vali Musazadeh, Jaber Jafarzadeh, Ehsan Safaei, Cain C. T. Clark, Amir Hossein Faghfouri
Summary: Many studies have examined the effects of Nigella Sativa supplementation on anthropometric indices, but the results have been inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis found that N. sativa supplementation significantly reduced body weight and BMI in adults, but had no significant effect on waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio. Based on these findings, N. sativa supplementation may be a recommended adjunctive intervention in obesity management.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Carly Adamson, Toru Kondo, Pardeep Jhund, Rudolf A. de Boer, Jose Walter Cabrera Honorio, Brian Claggett, Akshay S. Desai, Marco Antonio Alcocer Gamba, Waleed Al Habeeb, Adrian F. Hernandez, Silvio E. Inzucchi, Mikhail N. Kosiborod, Carolyn S. P. Lam, Anna Maria Langkilde, Daniel Lindholm, Erasmus Bachus, Sheldon E. Litwin, Felipe Martinez, Magnus Petersson, Sanjiv J. Shah, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Pham Nguyen Vinh, Ulrica Wilderang, Scott D. Solomon, John Jv McMurray
Summary: Obesity is common in HFpEF patients and is associated with higher rates of heart failure hospitalization and worse health status. Treatment with dapagliflozin improves cardiovascular outcomes across the spectrum of BMI, leads to greater symptom improvement in patients with obesity, compared with those without, and has the additional benefit of causing modest weight loss.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
William B. Nicolson, Julianna Bailey, Najlaa Z. Alotaibi, Stefanie Krick, John D. Lowman
Summary: Exercise training has no negative impact on the nutritional status of children with cystic fibrosis, and resistance exercise can help improve body weight. Further research is needed to understand how exercise affects adults and overweight individuals with this condition.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yilan Ge, Jiamin Liu, Lihua Zhang, Yan Gao, Bin Wang, Xiuling Wang, Jing Li, Xin Zheng
Summary: Higher lean body mass, not fat mass, was associated with lower 1-year mortality among heart failure patients.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Chandana Deekshith, Markandeya Jois, Jessica Radcliffe, Jency Thomas
Summary: This article systematically reviewed literature on the effects of culinary herbs and spices on obesity in adults, finding eight herbs/spices to be beneficial in regards to obesity, with significant improvements in BMI, weight, and waist circumference.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carlos Rodrigo Nascimento de Lira, Rita de Cassia Akutsu, Lorene Goncalves Coelho, Karine Brito Beck da Silva, Jacqueline Costa Dias Pitangueira, Renata Puppin Zandonadi, Priscila Ribas de Farias Costa
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review to identify the influence of occupational stress on the body mass index of hospital workers. The findings revealed a relationship between occupational stress and changes in body mass index, although most studies had a moderate or high risk of bias and low quality of evidence.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Azizah Ugusman, Syarifah Amirah Syed Shahrin, Nurul Hana Azizan, Siva Balan Pillai, Khamini Krishnan, Norizam Salamt, Amilia Aminuddin, Adila A. Hamid, Jaya Kumar, Mohd Helmy Mokhtar
Summary: The study systematically reviewed the effects of honey on obesity, finding that honey showed anti-obesity effects in animal studies but had conflicting results in clinical trials. While honey supplementation did not show significant weight reduction in some trials, there was also no evidence that it increased body weight.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hua Qu, Lei Song, Ying Zhang, Zhu-ye Gao, Zhuo Shi
Summary: This meta-analysis found that prebiotic products did not reduce weight-related parameters in overweight and obese individuals, but they could decrease levels of inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting potential benefits in managing inflammatory states in this population.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Charlotte Bermingham, Jasper Morgan, Daniel Ayoubkhani, Myer Glickman, Nazrul Islam, Aziz Sheikh, Jonathan Sterne, A. Sarah Walker, Vahe Nafilyan
Summary: The study used a regression discontinuity design to estimate the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine in reducing mortality for individuals aged 80 and above in England. The results showed that the first vaccine dose reduced the risk of COVID-19 death by 52.6%, providing strong evidence for the protective effect of the vaccine in older adults. The study's approach addressed the issue of unmeasured confounding factors, and the estimated vaccine effectiveness was comparable to previous studies using different methods.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Nazrul Islam, Dmitri A. Jdanov
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Elizabeth Loder, Nazrul Islam
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Neil A. Hopper, Annie Campbell, Cath Roberts, Julie Ramsay, Jos Ijpelaar, Myer Glickman, Vahe Nafilyan, Nazrul Islam
Summary: This study compares the impact of the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic on age-standardized mortality risk by sex, UK country, and English regions. The findings show that the highest excess mortality occurred in London, while the lowest was observed in the South-West region of England. Additionally, excess mortality was consistently higher among males than females.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Hannah C. M. Taylor, Nishi Chaturvedi, George Davey Smith, Diana L. S. Ferreira, Abigail Fraser, Laura D. Howe, Alun D. Hughes, Debbie A. Lawlor, Nic J. Timpson, Chloe M. Park
Summary: This study investigated the appropriate allometric scaling relationships between left ventricular mass (LVM) and height, total lean mass, and body surface area in healthy adolescents. The results suggest that pooled data without adjustment for sex may introduce bias in allometric scaling estimates. Clinicians should consider body size, body composition, sex, and age when assessing left ventricular mass.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jennifer L. Carter, Noraidatulakma Abdullah, Fiona Bragg, Nor Azian Abdul Murad, Hannah Taylor, Chin Siok Fong, Benjamin Lacey, Paul Sherliker, Fredrik Karpe, Norlaila Mustafa, Sarah Lewington, Rahman Jamal
Summary: This study compared the associations between body composition and cardiovascular risk factors among different ethnic groups and found distinct patterns of adiposity and body composition. These differences may lead to different risks of cardiovascular diseases, highlighting the importance of further research to mitigate the global burden of obesity-related diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Danyao Jin, Eirini Trichia, Nazrul Islam, Sarah Lewington, Ben Lacey
Summary: This large-scale study found no evidence that metabolic profiling improves the prediction of cardiovascular disease risk compared to established risk scores.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jelena Besevic, Ben Lacey, Howard Callen, Wemimo Omiyale, Megan Conroy, Qi Feng, Derrick W. Crook, Nicola Doherty, Daniel Ebner, David W. Eyre, Dan Fry, Edward Horn, E. Yvonne Jones, Brian D. Marsden, Tim E. A. Peto, Fenella Starkey, David Stuart, Samantha Welsh, Natasha Wood, Alan Young, Allen Young, Mark Effingham, Rory Collins, Jo Holliday, Naomi Allen
Summary: This study aimed to determine the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies over an 18-month period following infection. The findings showed a higher proportion of individuals maintaining IgG-S antibodies compared to IgG-N antibodies, indicating potential implications for long-term immunity and population surveys.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yogini V. Chudasama, Kamlesh Khunti, Briana Coles, Clare L. Gillies, Nazrul Islam, Alex V. Rowlands, Samuel Seidu, Cameron Razieh, Melanie J. Davies, Nilesh J. Samani, Thomas Yates, Francesco Zaccardi
Summary: This study aimed to assess the life expectancy after the first cardiovascular disease (CVD) event based on type 2 diabetes (T2D) status and ethnicity. The results showed that individuals with T2D had lower life expectancy compared to those without T2D, specifically in the White ethnic group, while no significant difference in life expectancy was observed in the South Asian, Black, and other ethnic groups.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Agustina M. Marconi, Carlos Castillo Salgado, Elena Beatriz Sarrouf, Rafael Jose Zamora, Alejandra Maria Irurzun, Nazrul Islam
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic in Buenos Aires, a strong positive correlation was found between the levels of health inequity and mortality rate due to COVID-19 in people aged 60 or above. Comunas in the southern part of the city had higher social inequities and higher age-standardized mortality rates, while the opposite was observed in those in the northern part. This study highlights the importance of addressing and reducing health inequities to minimize COVID-19-related mortality.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Danyao Jin, Eirini Trichia, Nazrul Islam, Jelena Besevic, Sarah Lewington, Ben Lacey
Summary: This large-scale study explored the associations of nuclear magnetic resonance-defined lipoprotein characteristics with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. The findings suggest that CHD risk is most strongly related to lipoprotein particle concentrations, rather than the lipid composition. Additionally, separate measurements of lipoprotein concentrations may be more valuable than measuring apolipoprotein B alone.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Harrison J. Hansford, Aidan G. Cashin, Matthew D. Jones, Sonja A. Swanson, Nazrul Islam, Susan R. G. Douglas, Rodrigo R. N. Rizzo, Jack J. Devonshire, Sam A. Williams, Issa J. Dahabreh, Barbra A. Dickerman, Matthias Egger, Xabier Garcia-Albeniz, Robert M. Golub, Sara Lodi, Margarita Moreno-Betancur, Sallie-Anne Pearson, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Jonathan A. C. Sterne, Melissa K. Sharp, Elizabeth A. Stuart, Miguel A. Hernan, Hopin Lee, James H. Mcauley
Summary: The reporting of observational studies that aim to emulate a target trial is inconsistent, and the development of a reporting guideline may improve the quality of reporting.
Article
Biology
T. Phuong Quan, Ben Lacey, Tim E. A. Peto, A. Sarah Walker
Summary: This study used a large collection of labeled EHR time series to validate the performance of automated change point detection methods. The results showed that the method performed well in detecting change points and was validated in a real-world setting.