Electrocatalytic effect of fluoroapatite in reducing paracetamol at carbon paste electrode: Analytical application

A carbon paste electrode modified with fluoroapatite (FAP-CPE) was examined to catalyze the electro-chemical reduction of paracetamol (PCT). The FAP-CPE has demonstrated an efficient performance toward PCT reduction compared to that obtained using unmodified carbon electrode. The electrochemical behavior of PCT has been investigated and the optimum experimental conditions were achieved. Moreover, a good linear relationship was achievable over the concentration range from 4.0 x 10(-8) mol/L to 1.0 x 10(-3) mol/L using square wave voltammetry (SWV). The detection limit (S/N = 3) was also calculated and a low value of 1.25 x 10(-8) mol/L was obtained with 210 s of accumulation time. The effect of coexisting of interferent compounds such as ascorbic acid (AA), citric acid (CA) and a binary mixture with dopamine (DA) was also investigated. The proposed method was successfully applied to PCT determination in natural waters, tablets and urine samples with the results agreeing with independently verified HPLC. (C) 2016 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.