Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhou Gong, Jiarong Huang, Liming Cao, Chuanhui Xu, Yukun Chen
Summary: The rational design of combining epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) with ionic and coordination supramolecular hybrid bond network provides a self-healing polymer with strong mechanical robustness and superior self-healing ability.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ryohei Ikura, Junsu Park, Motofumi Osaki, Hiroyasu Yamaguchi, Akira Harada, Yoshinori Takashima
Summary: This review provides an overview of the strategies used to prepare self-healing and self-restoring materials through reversible and movable crosslinks. Self-healing can be achieved by regenerating reversible crosslinks between polymeric chains, while self-restoring materials can regain their original shape and mechanical properties after cycles of external stress.
NPG ASIA MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Nuur Laila Najwa Thajudin, Mohd Hafiz Zainol, Raa Khimi Shuib
Summary: A self-healing natural rubber material with reversible metal-thiolate ion networks was successfully developed, allowing for self-repair at room temperature. The study demonstrated that the mechanical properties of the material can be fully regenerated, with a 60% increase in lifespan. This new material shows potential for the manufacturing of sustainable rubber products.
Article
Polymer Science
Mingliang Wu, Li Yang, Qi Shen, Zhongjie Zheng, Chuanhui Xu
Summary: The study showed that introducing slight covalent crosslinks into self-healing rubbers can achieve a balance between mechanical properties and self-healing efficiency, with optimal results observed at a vulcanization time of 240-360 seconds.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Zhenwu Wang, Yu-cheng Lai, Ya-tang Chiang, Johannes Martin Scheiger, Shuai Li, Zheqin Dong, Qianyu Cai, Sida Liu, Shan-hui Hsu, Chia-ching Chou, Pavel A. Levkin
Summary: This study reports a strategy to fabricate ionically conductive elastomers (IHPs) with high conductivity, excellent mechanical properties, and fast self-healing properties by combining physically cross-linked poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) networks and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) with dissolved electrolytes. The incorporation of ions into PEG simultaneously enhances the strength and toughness of the elastomer.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Danfeng Pei, Shanyu Yu, Ping Liu, Yongpeng Wu, Xiaofang Zhang, Yijun Chen, Mingjie Li, Chaoxu Li
Summary: In this study, a conductive composite elastomer of liquid metals with reversible adhesion and self-healing properties was successfully developed. The composite material exhibits high conductivity and stretchability, making it suitable for applications in soft robotics, electronic skins, and wearable devices. It also offers the potential for building damage-endurable soft electronics and human-machine interfaces.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Ming Zhao, Hui Chen, Jiaxin Yuan, Yibo Wu, Shuxin Li, Ruofan Liu
Summary: This study demonstrated the self-healing behavior of natural rubber and NR-butyl rubber composites by graft-polymerizing zinc dimethacrylate onto rubber chains, forming a reversible supramolecular network with covalent cross-linking, ionic cross-linking, and physical entanglement. The self-repairing ability of ionic bonds was attributed to the recombination of ionic clusters, while the entanglement healing provided by IIR showed better multiple times healing ability due to better chain mobility.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xinrui Zhang, Qingjin Fu, Yicong Wang, Haonan Zhao, Sanwei Hao, Chao Ma, Feng Xu, Jun Yang
Summary: Polymerizable deep eutectic solvent (PDES) is considered to be the most attractive candidate for the next generation of ionotronic devices. However, integrating high ionic conductivity, excellent mechanical properties, good self-healing capacity, and robust adhesion into a single material remains a challenge. In this study, a liquid-free ionic elastomer was constructed by incorporating tannic acid-encapsulated cellulose nanocrystals (TA@CNC) as multifunctional hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) along with poly(acrylic acid) (HBDs) and choline chloride (hydrogen bond acceptors, HBAs) to form a dynamic cross-linking network. The resultant elastomers (ACTC) exhibited superior mechanical properties, robust adhesion, and good self-healing property. Wearable sensors constructed using ACTC as a resistance sensing module showed unaltered sensing performance under off-axial deformation. Additionally, a capacitance pressure sensor with good stability for force distribution was developed, opening up a new avenue for the development of ionotronic devices.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Kunakorn Chumnum, Ekwipoo Kalkornsurapranee, Jobish Johns, Karnda Sengloyluan, Yeampon Nakaramontri
Summary: The self-healing composites prepared from BIIR and NR blends filled with CNT and CB showed improved cure and tensile properties after modification with IL and IM. The composites exhibited superior mechanical and electrical properties, making them suitable for inner liner and tire tread applications.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Juan Ye, Shujun Tan, Haoyu Deng, Weibin Huang, Hao Jin, Lanyue Zhang, Hongping Xiang, Mingqiu Zhang
Summary: Waste natural rubber powders (WNRPs) are re-crosslinked with disulfide bond-containing polysulfide rubber (PSR) via a thiol-ene reaction to produce a self-healable and reprocessable reclaimed rubber. Increasing the PSR content improves conversion and crosslinking density, but decreases mechanical properties. The produced reclaimed rubber can self-heal at 100°C for 24 h and recover more than 90% of its mechanical properties, and it can also be reprocessed at 100°C for 12 h with over 95% recovery of mechanical performance. This self-healable and reprocessable reclaimed rubber, synthesized by reusing waste rubber, has wide applications in damping materials due to its low cost.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Peng Wang, Lei Yang, Mingqi Sun, Zhenhuai Yang, Shuai Guo, Gang Gao, Liangge Xu, Dongchao Ji, Wenxin Cao, Jiaqi Zhu
Summary: A transparent healable double-network (DN) elastomer was successfully fabricated by introducing polyborosiloxane into self-healing polydimethylsiloxane networks, improving mechanical properties and showcasing excellent self-healing abilities. The elastomer exhibits high transparency, with a significant healing efficiency at room temperature. This work provides a promising new approach in designing transparent, self-healing silicone elastomers.
MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ming Hui Lan, Xiaoxiao Guan, Dong Yu Zhu, Zhi Peng Chen, Tingsu Liu, Zhenhua Tang
Summary: In this study, liquid-free ionic conductive elastomers (ICEs) were developed by in situ polymerization of lipoic acid (LA) in poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) solution and cross-linking by coordination bonding and hydrogen bonding. The obtained ICE, PLA-PAA4-1%, showed high elasticity, stretchability, and rapid self-healability. It was used as a strain sensor to effectively monitor human motions and could be fully recycled without degradation in performance. This work provides a viable path to fabricate conductive materials with high mechanical property, self-healability, and recyclability.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Abdul Rehman, Hanafi Ismail, Noor Faezah Mohd Sani, Noor Aishatun Majid, Nadras Othman, Raa Khimi Shuib
Summary: Polymethylmethacrylate-co-methacrylic acid (PMMA-co-MAA) was used to modify the surface of silica for reinforcement in self-healing natural rubber. The optimized PMMA-co-MAA was investigated in NR/silica composites with different filler loadings. The graft polymerization of PMMA-co-MAA on silica was confirmed, and intermolecular diffusion at the fractured area was detected. The composite tensile and tear performance increased significantly with varying healing efficiency depending on the silica loading.
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Abdul Rehman, Hanafi Ismail, Noor Faezah Mohd Sani, Nadras Othman, Noor Aishatun Majid, Atif Islam, Raa Khimi Shuib
Summary: This study explores the reinforcement effect of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) in self-healing natural rubber based on metal thiolate ion networks. The results show that the addition of HNTs can significantly improve the mechanical performance and self-healing efficiency of the rubber material.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Yuanbo Cai, Yuan Wang, Lu Long, Shengtai Zhou, Liwei Yan, Junhua Zhang, Huawei Zou
Summary: A method for preparing self-healing elastomers with high thermal stability using stable covalent bonds and dynamic metal-ligand coordination interactions in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is proposed. The PDMS elastomers showed an initial thermal degradation temperature over 380°C and a room temperature self-healing efficiency of 65.7%. Additionally, doping a small amount (0.3 wt%) of Fe (III) increased the char residue at 800°C to 7.19% in nitrogen atmosphere and up to 14.02% in air atmosphere, highlighting the remarkable thermal stability of these elastomers with weak and dynamic bonds. This study provides insights for designing self-healing PDMS-based materials for high-temperature thermal protection coatings.
MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
