Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Khaled F. El-Nemr, Medhat M. Hassan, Eman M. Hamdy
Summary: The study prepared composites of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber loaded with different concentrations of waste rubber ash treated by VTES, subjected to gamma radiation for curing. Mechanical properties were enhanced by increasing waste rubber treatment and irradiation dose, with crosslink density increasing with WRA-Sn content and irradiation dose. Thermal stability of the composites improved with the addition of WRA-Sn.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Jiong Hui, Ling Liu, Zhexu Yu, Qifei Wu, Liqun Zhang
Summary: In this study, epoxidized solution-polymerized styrene butadiene rubber (ESSBR) is used as the matrix and silica as filler, with the addition of a small quantity of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to adjust the cross-linking network of ESSBR/silica. The effect of two APTES addition methods on the properties of the nanocomposite is investigated. Compared to SSBR/TESPD/silica, ESSBR/APTES/silica shows significant improvements in wet-skid resistance and rolling resistance, with reduced emissions of silane coupling agents and volatile organic compounds.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Azin Adibi, Leonardo Simon, Christian Lenges, Tizazu H. Mekonnen
Summary: Designed polysaccharides obtained from the enzymatic polymerization of sucrose are used as sustainable and functional reinforcing additives for rubber composites. In this study, epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) is melt-grafted onto the polysaccharide to enhance material properties. The resulting ENR-glucan composite using dicumyl peroxide (DCP) provides improved properties and can be used as a functional masterbatch for general NR composite formulations.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ryosuke Matsuno, Takamasa Ito, Shigeaki Takamatsu, Atsushi Takahara
Summary: The effect of silica coating on BaTiO3 particles was evaluated, showing that silica coating reduced ion migration and increased dielectric breakdown strength. Composite elastomers with HXNBR and silica-coated BaTiO3 exhibited higher generated stress, strain, and output energy density compared to conventional dielectric actuators.
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Mohammad Razavi-Nouri, Masoud Salavati
Summary: The influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the thermal, mechanical, wetting properties, and rheological behavior of poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA)/acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber nanocomposites was investigated. It was found that the addition of MWCNTs improved the solid surface free energy, work of adhesion, spreading coefficient, and Girifalco-Good's interaction parameter, while reducing the contact angle and interfacial free energy. The nanocomposite with 1 wt% nanofillers exhibited the highest tensile strength and toughness. Furthermore, the relaxation ratio and relaxation rate index decreased with increasing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) concentration. The increment in MWCNTs loading led to an increase in the yield stress of the molten materials according to a quadratic equation. The analysis also showed that the crystallization process was triggered at a slightly higher temperature with the introduction of CNTs, while the melting point and nucleation rate decreased noticeably with the increase in nanofillers content.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
E. S. Fathy, Eman H. Awad, Mona Y. Elnaggar
Summary: This study compared nanocomposites based on NBR and SBR synthetic rubbers reinforced with varying ratios of waste nanomarble particles. The addition of 5 wt% filler significantly improved the tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and tearing strength of NBR nanocomposite samples, while the elongation at break of SBR nanocomposites exhibited regressive behavior. Furthermore, gamma irradiation of NBR nanocomposites reinforced with TWM showed considerable development at all thermogravimetric stages.
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Midhun Dominic, Rani Joseph, P. M. Sabura Begum, Athira S. Kumar, P. A. Jeemol, Thomasukutty Jose, Dileep Padmanabhan, Krzysztof Formela, Suchart Siengchin, Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai, Mohammad Reza Saeb
Summary: The incorporation of Cuscuta reflexa derived cellulose nanofibers into acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber significantly improved the tensile and tear strength of NBR, as well as enhancing its thermal stability and swelling resistance, while also increasing hardness, abrasion resistance, and cross-link density.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wenyan Wang, Weicheng Zhang, Zongxu Liu, Ying Xue, Xingfeng Lei, Guangbi Gong, Qiuyu Zhang
Summary: The introduction of strong hydrogen bonding interactions significantly increases both the toughness and the tensile strength of the elastomer as well as the oil resistance, with the tensile strength and fracture toughness reaching up to 8.57 MPa and 39.12 MJ m(-3) when the mass fraction of UPy-NCO is about 2.25 wt%. The dynamically physical cross-linking networks formed by hydrogen bonds can still be continuously regenerated after being broken, dispersing stress concentration while ensuring resilience and reprocessing capability.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Lennard F. Torres, Zach McCaffrey, Tina G. Williams, Delilah F. Wood, William J. Orts, Colleen M. McMahan
Summary: Heat-treated rice hull residues were used as fillers in poly(styrene-co-butadiene) rubber (SBR) compounds instead of precipitated silica filler. The influence of coupler concentration on the filler-rubber interaction was investigated. Results showed that the replacement of silica with torrefied rice hulls resulted in a decrease in compound viscosity, longer scorch and shorter cure times. Incorporation of torrefied rice hulls increased compound modulus but decreased tensile strength and elongation. The presence of coupler improved dynamic and mechanical properties and reduced tan delta.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Wannarat Chueangchayaphan, Piyawadee Luangchuang, Narong Chueangchayaphan
Summary: The effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2) content on the cure characteristics, physical properties, dielectric properties, dynamic mechanical properties, and morphological properties of acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) composites was investigated. The addition of TiO2 improved the mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, and dielectric properties of the composites.
Article
Polymer Science
Jushik Yun, Alireza Zolfaghari, Saurabh Sane
Summary: This study compared the behavior of NBR and HNBR packer elements under different sour conditions through experimental tests. It was found that the packer elements showed lower resistance to H2S in the controlled laboratory tests compared to the uncontrolled environment inside oil and gas well, which can be attributed to different exposure conditions.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Tomasz Sokolnicki, Adrian Franczyk, Radoslaw Kozak, Jedrzej Walkowiak
Summary: A simple one-step reaction was demonstrated for the functionalization of 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane DH4, resulting in branched organosilicon compounds DSP3 or DS3P with affinity to silica and various organic groups capable of bonding with polymers. The synthesis of 13 new compounds with excellent yields and precise functional group distribution was achieved using sequential hydrosilylation and Karstedt's catalyst. The obtained compounds are versatile silica modifiers, silane coupling agents, and starting materials for polymer networks and vapor-deposited coatings.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
So-Hyeon Lee, Jun-Hyun Kim, Hyun-Ho Park
Summary: This study investigates the effects of recovered carbon black (produced in a clean and sustainable way) as a reinforcing agent on the physicochemical properties of a styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix. The results show that while the SBR-based composite materials with recovered green carbon black (GCB) generally exhibit inferior properties compared to those with conventional virgin carbon black (VCB), the addition of a small amount of crosslinker, acrylate-functionalized POSS, enhances the overall physical properties, including tensile strength, fracture elongation, and thermal stability. These findings suggest the possibility of replacing typical VCB with GCB for effective reinforcement, which can upcycle inexpensive and ecofriendly carbon black materials.
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Roberta Motta Neves, Eduardo Fischer Kerche, Ademir Jose Zattera, Sandro Campos Amico
Summary: This study investigates the effects of hybridizing MCC and MCCSi with NBR on the thermal, mechanical, and dynamic-mechanical behavior of epoxy. The results show that the addition of MCCSi improves the thermal stability and toughness of epoxy, while decreasing the tensile strength and elastic modulus.
JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Bo Li, Sheng-xin Li, Ming-xue Shen, Ye-long Xiao, Jian Zhang, Guang-yao Xiong, Zhi-nan Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the effects of thermal oxidation ageing on NBR seals, showing that it significantly impacts the rubber properties such as hardness, bulk modulus, tensile strength, and tear strength. Different ageing degrees result in distinct damage mechanisms, with the wear mechanism shifting gradually from adhesive wear to abrasive wear or fatigue and abrasive wear. Despite a decrease in average wear rate with increased ageing parameters, important mechanical properties like viscoelasticity and fracture resistance are severely reduced or lost entirely due to ageing degradation.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jingmo Zhou, Shubin Wu, Ying Liu
Summary: Expenditure isolation of lignin and the understanding of its structural variations during different isolation processes are crucial for the high-value utilization of lignin. This study proposed a green deep eutectic solvent (DES) consisting of choline chloride, ethylene glycol, and 4-chlorobenzene sulfonic acid for rapid lignin separation from poplar. The structural variations of DES lignin and its relationship with alkali pre-extraction of hemicellulose were investigated. The results showed that alkali pretreatment enhanced the DES separation of lignin and promoted the cleavage of specific linkages, resulting in reduced molecular weight and thermal stability of isolated DES lignin. Moreover, DES lignin obtained from integrated utilization displayed higher purity and S/G ratio compared to lignin obtained from direct DES treatment.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yuping Li, Ziyan Xie, Yun Huang, Jiangyi Zeng, Chao Yang, Ling Yuan, Ying Wang, Yongqing Li
Summary: In this study, the characteristic flavonoids (CFs) of three licorice species were identified through integrated metabolic and transcriptomic analysis. The key regulators of CF biosynthesis were also identified. These findings provide valuable information for understanding the biosynthesis of CFs and future breeding of Glycyrrhiza varieties.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xianjie Pan, Zhaoyi Luo, Fanqi Liu, Quanqian Yi, Yanning Zeng
Summary: This study presents a novel strategy for fabricating fully bio-based epoxy vitrimers using peach gum and itaconic acid, which exhibit superior mechanical properties and thermostability. The materials were characterized and the self-healing and recycling capabilities were evaluated. The results demonstrate the potential of using these materials for sustainable industrial applications.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Mohsen Sabzi-Nojadeh, Mohammad Pouresmaeil, Mina Amani, Mehdi Younessi-Hamzekhanlu, Filippo Maggi
Summary: This study shows that inoculating Summer savory plants with endophytic fungus Trichoderma harzianum can improve plant growth and increase salt tolerance. The fungus enhances growth, restores chlorophyll and antioxidant levels, reduces harmful substances, and increases proline and soluble sugar levels, thereby increasing crop productivity in saline conditions.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yu Liu, Lei Li, Aichen Zhao, Xiuming Song, Lulu Wei, Mengdi Fang, Chuchu Zheng, Xiaodong Zhu
Summary: This study investigates the impact of peppermint essential oil microcapsules on the unpleasant odor emissions from wax oil coated wood products. The results show that microcapsules can improve the time and stability of odor release.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Mesut Budak, Mirac Kilic, Hikmet Guenal, Ismail Velik, Mesut Sirri
Summary: This study assessed land suitability for rapeseed production using topography, climate, and soil data by analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the Mamdani Fuzzy Inference System (MFIS). The study area covered land in the Diyarbakir province of southeastern Turkiye. The results indicated the proportions of different land suitability classes and showed the compatibility of AHP and MFIS methods in assessing suitability.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rui Tian, Yue Liu, Chao Wang, Weikun Jiang, Srinivas Janaswamy, Guihua Yang, Xingxiang Ji, Gaojin Lyu
Summary: In this study, hollow and solid lignin nanoparticles were synthesized through self-assembly and their application in PVA nanocomposite films was investigated. The results showed that the presence of hollow lignin nanoparticles in the films resulted in a room-like network structure, while the solid lignin nanoparticles induced different structural changes. The inclusion of LNPs improved the mechanical properties of the films, and both types of LNPs exhibited good hydrophobicity.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Marcos Vinicius Silva de Andrade, Simone Ribeiro Lucho, Renato Delmondez de Castro, Paulo Roberto Ribeiro
Summary: Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, commonly known as stevia, is a widely cultivated shrub with highly sweetening metabolites. It has gained significant interest in the food and beverage industries due to its extremely sweet taste and various health benefits. Researchers are currently focused on studying biotechnological strategies to enhance the biosynthesis of stevia plant metabolites for improved cultivation and production.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Eleonora Cintura, Paulina Faria, Luisa Molari, Luca Barbaresi, Dario D'Orazio, Lina Nunes
Summary: This study investigated the properties of Arundo donax as a building material and found that it has strong adaptability, high hygroscopicity, and unique sound absorption behavior. The mechanical tests also demonstrated the applicability of the Arundo donax-based composite. This opens up new possibilities for the further application of Arundo donax-based materials.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Stiina Kotiranta, Juha-Matti Pihlava, Titta Kotilainen, Pauliina Palonen
Summary: The effect of light spectra, particularly far-red and short wavelength radiation, on the growth and secondary metabolites of cannabis is significant. Altering the R:FR ratio can increase the concentration and yield of secondary metabolites, while short wavelength radiation does not significantly affect plant morphology and secondary metabolite concentrations.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xuze Liu, Fangmin Liang, Jinyuan Cheng, Xuelian Zhou, Jia Wang, Guigan Fang, Kuizhong Shen, Xianzhi Meng, Chen Huang, Arthur J. Ragauskas
Summary: A novel Na2S-facilitated DES pretreatment method was proposed to fractionate moso bamboo, which achieved high lignin removal and preserved most cellulose and hemicellulose with excellent enzymatic digestibility.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Zechun Ren, Xinyuan Zhou, Kejiao Ding, Tong Ji, Hao Sun, Xiang Chi, Yunzhao Wei, Min Xu
Summary: This study prepared a thermal/magnetic/light-triggered multi-stimuli responsive shape memory polymer composite with excellent properties by adding magnetic nanoparticles into a polyurethane composite. The composite showed high shape recovery rate, fast response behavior, and suitability for 3D printing. Controllable external stimuli allowed for dynamic, remote, and precise control of 4D transformations. This work is significant for the design of smart materials and devices.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yurany Camacho Ardila, Jaiver Efren Jaimes Figueroa, Maria Regina Wolf Maciel
Summary: The higher heating value (HHV) and elemental composition are important properties of biomass, and their prediction using proximate and ultimate analysis is accurate.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xiaohan Chen, Xianke Wang, Lili Shang, Xinxin Ma, Changhua Fang, Benhua Fei, Huanrong Liu, Shuqin Zhang
Summary: This study focuses on the comprehensive characterization of the three-dimensional (3D) structure of bamboo parenchyma and the evaluation of its tensile and compressive properties, as well as the analysis of its failure mechanisms. The study found that the measured tensile strength and elastic modulus of the parenchyma tissue are 48.81 MPa and 706.48 MPa, respectively. Compression failure modes in parenchyma tissue encompass compression bending and cell fracture, shear failure of the middle lamella, and detachment and debonding of the cell wall.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Tianfeng Liu, Yuxin Liu, Yunlin Fu, Mengji Qiao, Penglian Wei, Zhigao Liu, Yingjian Li
Summary: This study explored the formation mechanism of agarwood induced by fungus and its potential application in high-quality and high-yielding agarwood production. The results showed that the transition layer played a critical role in the continuous accumulation of agarwood, and the parenchyma cells of the xylem rays and interxylary phloem were the main action site of fungus. The accumulation and distribution of chemical composition in different layers were also investigated. The study identified the drivers of specific compounds and provided a theoretical foundation for future agarwood production.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)