Modulation of transcription factors by small molecules in B-cell development and differentiation

Transcription factors regulate gene expression and play crucial roles in development and differentiation of pancreatic B-cell. The expression and/or activities of these transcription factors are reduced when B-cells are chronically exposed to hyperglycemia, which results in loss of B-cell function. Optimal expression of such transcription factors is required to maintain normal pancreatic development and B-cell function. Over many other methods of regenerating B-cells, using small molecules to activate transcription factors has gained insights, resulting in B-cells regeneration and survival. In this review, we discuss the broad spectrum of transcription factors regulating pancreatic B-cell development, differentiation and regulation of these factors in normal and pathological states. Also, we have presented set of potential pharmacological effects of natural and synthetic compounds on activities of transcription factor involved in pancreatic B-cell regeneration and survival. Exploring these compounds and their action on transcription factors responsible for pancreatic B-cell function and survival could be useful in providing new insights for development of small molecule modulators.

Automated summary

Transcription factors play crucial roles in regulating gene expression and development of pancreatic B-cells. Hyperglycemia can reduce the expression and/or activities of these transcription factors, leading to loss of B-cell function. Activating transcription factors using small molecules has shown promising results in regenerating and maintaining B-cell function and survival. This review discusses the various transcription factors involved in pancreatic B-cell development and the regulation of their activities in normal and pathological states, as well as the potential pharmacological effects of natural and synthetic compounds on these transcription factors.