Article
Environmental Sciences
Yang Yang, Chuanfeng Zhao, Jiao Fu, Yi Cui, Xiaobo Dong, Rong Mai, Feng Xu
Summary: This study investigates the impact of cloud seeding on the microphysical properties of a mixed-phase cloud through aircraft observation. The results show that after cloud seeding, the concentration of ice crystals increased while the liquid water content decreased. This suggests the importance of artificial introduction of silver iodide for human weather modification.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Haibo Wang, Hua Zhang, Bing Xie, Xianwen Jing, Jingyi He, Yi Liu
Summary: This study found that improving cloud microphysics schemes and cloud overlap methods can significantly enhance the accuracy of simulating cloud fraction in global climate models. Using a two-moment cloud microphysics scheme and observation-based cloud overlap method can significantly reduce cloud fraction biases globally and regionally.
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Q. Coopman, C. Hoose, M. Stengel
Summary: The thermodynamic phase transition of clouds is not well understood, leading to misrepresentations of ice and liquid partitioning in mixed phase clouds in numerical models. Research found that the density of ice pixel clusters increases with cloud ice fraction, particularly efficient for clouds with high perimeter fractal dimension.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. Shaw, Z. McGraw, O. Bruno, T. Storelvmo, S. Hofer
Summary: This study highlights the importance of mixed-phase clouds in Arctic warming and the challenges of accurately representing them in climate models. By adjusting model microphysical variables to match cloud phase metrics, researchers were able to produce Arctic-constrained model runs and evaluate cloud feedbacks. The results suggest that mixed-phase processes play a key role in mediating the Arctic climate response to warming.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
P. P. Leena, V. Anil Kumar, Subrata Mukherjee, Rohit D. Patil, S. M. Sonbawne, G. Pandithurai
Summary: Variability in cloud microphysical parameters, aerosol physicochemical properties and their relationship were studied using in-situ ground observations from a high altitude site in Western Ghats, India, during monsoon season. The study found that cloud microphysical parameters and aerosol concentrations showed day to day and monthly variation, and aerosols had a significant impact on cloud properties.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Gao Pan, Wang Jun, Zhao Cheng-Cheng, Tang Jia-Bin, Liu Jing-Jing, Yan Qing, Hua Deng-Xin
Summary: Research into cloud microphysics is crucial for understanding radiation energy balance, the water cycle, and precipitation mechanisms, as well as enhancing the scientificity and effectiveness of artificial precipitation. A new potential tool for dynamic cloud microphysical property measurement is in-line digital holographic interferometry, due to its advantages such as real-time, non-destructive, high-resolution optical measurement capabilities.
ACTA PHYSICA SINICA
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Seoung Soo Lee, Kyung-Ja Ha, Manguttathil Gopalakrishnan Manoj, Mohammad Kamruzzaman, Hyungjun Kim, Nobuyuki Utsumi, Youtong Zheng, Byung-Gon Kim, Chang Hoon Jung, Junshik Um, Jianping Guo, Kyoung Ock Choi, Go-Un Kim
Summary: This study focuses on the roles of ice processes and aerosols in midlatitude mixed-phase stratocumulus clouds. It found that the presence of the Wegener-Bergeron-Findeisen mechanism and aerosol concentrations significantly influence cloud mass in mixed-phase clouds, while warm clouds are less affected by these factors.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Baiwan Pan, Dantong Liu, Yuanmou Du, Delong Zhao, Kang Hu, Shuo Ding, Chenjie Yu, Ping Tian, Yangzhou Wu, Siyuan Li, Kanike Raghavendra Kumar
Summary: Vertical profiles of cloud microphysical properties are crucial for cloud lifetime and precipitation rate. CloudSat CPR can retrieve these properties by measuring radar reflectivity. This study compares CloudSat products and aircraft in-situ measurements over North China Plain, finding that temperature-based linear apportioning of mixed-phase clouds provides reasonable estimation of ice water content. The liquid water content retrieved from cloud optical depth matches in-situ observations well, but its effective size is overestimated. The appropriate parameters for different cloud types and retrieval algorithms should be considered.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Gregory Cesana, Andrew S. Ackerman, Ann M. Fridlind, Israel Silber, Maxwell Kelley
Summary: A new study shows that accounting for precipitation in climate models can significantly influence cloud phase partitioning and cloud feedback, which has previously been neglected in the majority of CMIP models. This finding suggests that making climate models precipitation-aware could further enhance their cloud feedback and increase their climate sensitivity.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. Christine Chiu, C. Kevin Yang, Peter Jan van Leeuwen, Graham Feingold, Robert Wood, Yann Blanchard, Fan Mei, Jian Wang
Summary: The study introduced new parameterizations for autoconversion and accretion rates using machine-learning and optimization techniques, constrained by in situ cloud probe measurements. The new estimates show improved representation of warm rain growth processes, with reduced uncertainty. This research highlights the importance of considering drizzle number concentration in parameterizations for better representation of the autoconversion process.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yi Huang, Steven T. Siems, Michael J. Manton
Summary: The study analyzed in-situ observations of mid-latitude shallow convective clouds over the Southern Ocean during three Austral winters, focusing on cloud microphysical properties and natural variability. Results showed the prevalence of supercooled liquid water and the primary ice nucleation mechanism as the freezing of supercooled raindrops. Additionally, high ice particle concentrations were observed at temperatures warmer than -12 degrees C, indicating the operation of secondary ice production mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ryan Schmedding, Andreas Zuend
Summary: In this study, a new thermodynamically rigorous treatment based on the AIOMFAC model and Guggenheim interface is proposed, which can predict the surface tension and cloud droplet activation behavior of aerosol particles of different sizes and is consistent with measured data. However, there are still challenges in accurately modeling the growth behavior of systems containing small dicarboxylic acids.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Karam Mansour, Matteo Rinaldi, Jana Preissler, Stefano Decesari, Jurgita Ovadnevaite, Darius Ceburnis, Marco Paglione, Maria C. Facchini, Colin O'Dowd
Summary: This study demonstrates the impact of oceanic biota on the microphysical properties of stratiform clouds over the Northeast Atlantic Ocean using cloud remote sensing observations at Mace Head. The increase in cloud droplet number concentration and decrease in their radius due to enhanced oceanic biological activity leads to brighter clouds.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Robert S. Schrom, Marcus van Lier-Walqui, Matthew R. Kumjian, Jerry Y. Harrington, Anders A. Jensen, Yao-Sheng Chen
Summary: The study explored the potential of polarimetric Doppler radar measurements to enhance predictions of ice microphysical processes within an idealized model-observational framework. A novel framework was developed to compare simulated and observed radar measurements, using Bayesian inference and a Markov chain Monte Carlo sampler to estimate the probability distribution of microphysical model parameters.
JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yachao Hu, Greg M. McFarquhar, Wei Wu, Yongjie Huang, Alfons Schwarzenboeck, Alain Protat, Alexei Korolev, Robert M. Rauber, Hongqing Wang
Summary: The microphysical and thermodynamic properties above tropical mesoscale convective systems were studied, with findings showing a significant correlation between ice water content and vertical velocity, while median diameter decreases and number concentration increases with decreasing temperature. The relationship between ice water content and median diameter depends on environmental conditions, with correlations decreasing as temperature decreases.
JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Olimpia Bruno, Corinna Hoose, Trude Storelvmo, Quentin Coopman, Martin Stengel
Summary: The study examines the distribution of supercooled liquid fraction in clouds with different temperatures, geographical locations, and cloud types using four satellite-based datasets. Despite discrepancies in phase and temperature between passive and active satellite sensors, all datasets show an increase in SLF with cloud optical thickness and generally larger SLF in the Southern Hemisphere compared to the Northern Hemisphere, except for continental low-level clouds.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Navjit Sagoo, Trude Storelvmo, Lily Hahn, Ivy Tan, James Danco, Bryan Raney, Anthony J. Broccoli
Summary: This study found that constraining cloud phase can weaken the negative high-latitude cloud phase feedback and reveal positive water vapor and cloud feedback effects, extending the cooling effect to lower latitudes. These cloud and water vapor feedbacks are key mechanisms amplifying orbital climate forcing.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ivy Tan, Donifan Barahona, Quentin Coopman
Summary: Global climate models simulate Arctic amplification (AA), but the projected warming varies greatly, and the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. NASA's GEOS-5 model is used to study the impact of the temperature dependence of immersion freezing on cloud feedbacks and AA. The results show that low ice-nucleating particle concentrations weaken the cloud-phase feedback, leading to different degrees of AA. These findings suggest that summertime INP concentrations could serve as an observational constraint on Arctic amplification.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. Shaw, Z. McGraw, O. Bruno, T. Storelvmo, S. Hofer
Summary: This study highlights the importance of mixed-phase clouds in Arctic warming and the challenges of accurately representing them in climate models. By adjusting model microphysical variables to match cloud phase metrics, researchers were able to produce Arctic-constrained model runs and evaluate cloud feedbacks. The results suggest that mixed-phase processes play a key role in mediating the Arctic climate response to warming.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
M. K. Sporre, J. Friberg, C. Svenhag, O. Sourdeval, T. Storelvmo
Summary: This study investigates the impact of downwelling sulphate aerosol on midlatitude cirrus clouds during springtime using three satellite data sets. The results show that cirrus clouds in the northern hemisphere have lower ice water content, ice crystal number concentrations, and cloud fraction when the aerosol load in the lowermost stratosphere is elevated by volcanism. However, the cirrus clouds in the southern hemisphere show no significant changes with downwelling aerosol levels. The reduction in cirrus ice water content and cloud fraction in the northern hemisphere implies that volcanic aerosol can cool the climate through reduced warming from cirrus clouds.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Daniel T. McCoy, Paul Field, Michelle E. Frazer, Mark D. Zelinka, Gregory S. Elsaesser, Johannes Muelmenstaedt, Ivy Tan, Timothy A. Myers, Zachary J. Lebo
Summary: Shortwave cloud feedback (SWFB) is a primary driver of uncertainty in global climate models (GCMs). This study shows that Southern Ocean SWFB can be predicted by the sensitivity of column-integrated liquid water mass to moisture convergence and surface temperature. The response of liquid water mass to moisture convergence and albedo are anti-correlated across GCMs.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Ivy Tan, Donifan Barahona
Summary: The study investigates the impact of four different immersion freezing parameterizations on Arctic clouds and radiation fluxes. Despite variations in ice-nucleating particle (INP) concentrations, the cloud properties and radiative fluxes tend to fall into two categories, with lower INP concentrations resulting in greater water path and low-level cloud fraction during winter and early spring, while the opposite holds true during the summer. The stability of the lower troposphere is strongly correlated with low-cloud fraction and, combined with ice nucleation, sedimentation, and melting rates, appears to explain the seasonal reversal pattern in cloud properties between the two simulation categories.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ryan L. Li, Joshua H. P. Studholme, Alexey Fedorov, Trude Storelvmo
Summary: This study uses the concept of precipitation efficiency to establish the critical role of raindrops in predicting future tropical atmospheric circulation and extreme precipitation.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Mark D. Zelinka, Ivy Tan, Lazaros Oreopoulos, George Tselioudis
Summary: Diagnosing the root causes of cloud feedback in climate models and understanding inter-model disagreement is crucial for understanding climate sensitivities. This study combines two analysis techniques to investigate cloud feedback. It finds that the shortwave cloud feedback is mainly influenced by within-regime cloud amount and optical depth feedbacks, while the across-regime components vary widely but are small on average. The study also suggests that thermodynamic and dynamical processes are important in setting the geographic structure of cloud feedback.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jenny Bjordal, Trude Storelvmo, Anthony A. Jr Jr Smith
Summary: The economic impacts of climate change are highly uncertain, with climate sensitivity and damage functions being the two most important factors. Both global economic impact and regional impact are affected by uncertainty in climate sensitivity and aggregate economic damages per degree of warming.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
I. R. Julsrud, T. Storelvmo, M. Schulz, K. O. Moseid, M. Wild
Summary: This study investigates the variations of surface solar radiation (SSR) and its influencing factors, including cloud cover and aerosols, as well as the simulation of SSR by Earth system models (ESMs). The observational study reveals that cloud cover has a dampening effect on SSR variations, while aerosol emissions are the main cause of SSR trends in four regions. The simulation results show that current ESMs are unable to fully replicate the observed variations, except for the European region.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ryan L. Li, Joshua H. P. Studholme, Alexey V. Fedorov, Trude Storelvmo
Summary: The role of precipitation efficiency (PE) in the global temperature response to CO2 rise is studied. It is found that higher temperatures are associated with higher PE. The increase in PE is linked to tropical circulation slowdown and greater eastern equatorial Pacific warming, resulting in positive cloud feedback and higher Effective Climate Sensitivity (ECS).
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Andrew Gettelman, Hugh Morrison, Trude Eidhammer, Katherine Thayer-Calder, Jian Sun, Richard Forbes, Zachary McGraw, Jiang Zhu, Trude Storelvmo, John Dennis
Summary: This study presents updates and corrections to the cloud microphysical scheme used in models like CESM, including a new scheme called PUMAS and the ability to run on GPUs. The main changes include refining ice nucleation, incorporating vapor deposition onto snow, and introducing implicit sedimentation treatment. The study finds corrections are needed for the freezing parameterization and that ice nucleation has significant impacts on climate. The revised scheme produces less cloud liquid and ice, but this can be adjusted through changes in cloud liquid loss. There are minimal effects on cloud feedbacks but reductions in aerosol-cloud interactions.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Jasper F. Kok, Trude Storelvmo, Vlassis A. Karydis, Adeyemi A. Adebiyi, Natalie M. Mahowald, Amato T. Evan, Cenlin He, Danny M. Leung
Summary: This Review summarizes the interactions and impacts of dust on the global climate and climate change. Dust affects the energy budget of Earth through interactions with radiation, clouds, atmospheric chemistry, the cryosphere and biogeochemistry. The net radiative effect of dust is -0.2 +/- 0.5 W m(-)(2), indicating a cooling effect on climate.
NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Britta Schafer, Tim Carlsen, Ingrid Hanssen, Michael Gausa, Trude Storelvmo
Summary: The role of clouds in the surface radiation budget is complex in the Arctic, but long-term observations are lacking. This study presents observations of cold clouds using ground-based lidar in the Norwegian Arctic. The study assesses the agreement between ground-based lidar and satellite lidar observations and determines the cloud phase in mixed-phase clouds. The study also computes multiyear statistics of cold clouds for the 2011-2017 period.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
