Article
Immunology
Joshua Fierer
Summary: Salmonella enterica invades the host through the intestinal tract, causing gastroenteritis with approximately 2,000 distinct serovars in normal hosts. However, bacteremia is a rare complication except in extreme ages. Enteric fever and invasive NTS infections are primarily caused by only a few serovars.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Amber J. Barton, Jennifer Hill, Christoph J. Blohmke, Andrew J. Pollard
Summary: The lack of vaccines against paratyphoid, multidrug resistance, and chronic carriage pose challenges for enteric fever elimination, despite the recent recommendation of conjugate vaccines for typhoid fever by WHO. Advances in in vitro and human challenge models in the past decade have enhanced understanding of enteric fever pathogenesis and have the potential to drive future developments in vaccines and antimicrobials.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Amber J. Barton, Jennifer Hill, Christoph J. Blohmke, Andrew J. Pollard
Summary: This review summarizes the advances in understanding the pathogenesis of enteric fever, including mechanisms of host restriction, intestinal invasion, interactions with innate immunity, and chronic carriage, and discusses how this knowledge may advance future vaccines and antimicrobials.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Benoit Bernar, Nina Gande, Aline Bernar, Thomas Mueller, Joern Schoenlaub
Summary: Non-typhoidal Salmonella infections can cause bacterial diarrhea, and severe complications can occur in at-risk populations. Contact with reptiles and amphibians, especially bearded dragons, can transmit Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Monschaui (S. Monschaui) to newborns and infants. The incidence of reptile- and amphibian-associated salmonellosis has been rising due to the popularity of these pets, posing a risk to vulnerable individuals.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Nobuyoshi Mori, Ariel D. Szvalb, Javier A. Adachi, Jeffrey J. Tarrand, Victor E. Mulanovich
Summary: This study analyzed the characteristics, clinical manifestations, and outcomes of non-typhoidal Salmonella infections in cancer patients, with most patients presenting with sepsis and some progressing to septic shock. The 30-day mortality rate was low, and relapses only occurred in patients receiving short-course antibiotic therapy.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Abdullahi O. Sannia, Joshua Onyango, Ana Felis Rota, Orsolya Mikecz, Abdulkadir Usman, Ugo PicaCiamarra, Folorunso O. Fasina
Summary: This study evaluated the social and economic impact of non-typhoidal salmonellosis (NTS) infection in Nigeria. Results showed that in 2020, NTS infection led to 325,731 cases and 1043 human deaths, with a disability-adjusted life year (DALYs) of 37,321. The cost associated with human infection was estimated at US$ 473,982,068, while the loss in poultry was estimated at US$ 456,905,311. This research provides empirical evidence to support decision-making and investments in controlling and eradicating human and poultry salmonellosis (NTS) in Nigeria.
Article
Microbiology
Yael Israel, Khitam Muhsen, Assaf Rokney, Amos Adler
Summary: NTS-BSI patients have higher comorbidity rates, higher in-hospital mortality rates, and longer hospital stays. The study found relatively low rates of pediatric cases in Israel.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jowita Sroka-Tomaszewska, Magdalena Trzeciak
Summary: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, non-infectious inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathophysiology involving genetic disorders, epidermal barrier defects, immune response alterations, and disruption of skin microbial balance. The disease significantly affects the quality of life of patients and their families, potentially requiring personalized treatment approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Andrea Zendrini, Valentina Carta, Virginia Filipello, Laura Ragni, Elena Cosciani-Cunico, Sara Arnaboldi, Barbara Bertasi, Niccolo Franceschi, Paolo Ajmone-Marsan, Dario De Medici, Marina Nadia Losio
Summary: Salmonella and Campylobacter screening in poultry meat can be efficiently conducted using real-time PCR even after shorter enrichment times, providing timely detection of these pathogens. Additionally, colorimetric LAMP is a valid alternative to real-time PCR when one-day results are needed, enabling quick identification of positive meat batches without the need for specialized instrumentation.
Article
Immunology
Ying-Wen Chen, Hung-Jen Tang, Yi-Shan Tsai, Nan-Yao Lee, Yuan-Pin Hung, Chien-Fang Huang, Ching-Chi Lee, Chia-Wen Li, Ming-Chi Li, Ling-Shan Syue, Shu-Li Su, Shu-Hao Hsu, Wen-Chien Ko, Po-Lin Chen
Summary: This study aimed to assess the risk of vascular infection in patients with NTS bacteremia by measuring atherosclerosis severity, NTSVI score, and serum levels of inflammatory markers. The results showed that atherosclerosis of the aorta and higher NTSVI score were associated with the occurrence of vascular infections, and serum IL-10 concentration could serve as a biomarker for vascular infection in patients with NTS bacteremia.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Guido Gainotti
Summary: The first minor aim of this historical survey was to show that the discovery of the internal organization of language within the left hemisphere has been influenced by theoretical models and cultural factors, while the discovery of the left lateralization of language and the right lateralization of emotions and other cognitive functions has been mainly determined by empirical observations. The second more relevant aim was to discuss historical and recent data suggesting that the different lateralization of language and emotions has not only influenced the asymmetrical representation of other cognitive, affective and perceptual functions, but also influenced more general aspects of thought through the shaping influence of language on human cognition. In the last part of the review, the data will be included in a discussion about the brain functions that could be subsumed by the right hemisphere for three main reasons: to avoid conflicts with the language mediated activities of the left hemisphere, due to the unconscious and automatic aspects of its non-verbal organization, or due to the competition for cortical space determined by the development of language within the left hemisphere. (c) 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Article
Microbiology
Kristin Scoggin, Jyotsana Gupta, Rachel Lynch, Aravindh Nagarajan, Manuchehr Aminian, Amy Peterson, L. Garry Adams, Michael Kirby, David W. Threadgill, Helene L. Andrews-Polymenis
Summary: Understanding the molecular mechanisms of resistance and tolerance to pathogen infection can help in developing novel interventions. A study on mice infected with Salmonella Typhimurium found distinct phenotypes of delayed susceptible, tolerant, and resistant strains. Tolerant strains showed lower preinfection core body temperatures, rapid disruption of body temperature postinfection, higher neutrophil levels, and more severe tissue damage compared to resistant strains. Gene analysis identified specific genes associated with tolerance and resistance, particularly fibrinogen genes.
Article
Psychology, Biological
David M. Greenberg, Nir Milstein, Avi Gilboa, Shai Cohen, Nir Haimovich, Shahar Siegman, Shay Pinhasi, Ilanit Gordon
Summary: This study used a novel multimodal approach to observe the face-to-face interactions of 51 triads who engaged in spontaneous-free improvisations as a group. The results showed that three hypothesized factors of human herding-physiological synchrony, behavioral coordination, and emotional contagion-predict a sense of group efficacy in its group members.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yuanlong Li, Chunxiang Hu
Summary: Biocrusts play critical eco-functions in drylands. The assembly of their microbial communities is influenced by longitude and latitude, with neutral processes controlling the assembly of eukaryotic communities in hyperarid areas. Community assembly is driven by dispersal limitation, with different patterns observed for bacterial and eukaryotic communities along succession.
NPJ BIOFILMS AND MICROBIOMES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Khaled El Khatib, Ribal Aby Hadeer, Anis Saad, Aline Kalaydjian, Elie Fayad, Youssef Mahfouz, Victorien Dougnon, Ziad Daoud, Roula M. Abdel-Massih
Summary: This study investigated the antibacterial activity of Ilex paraguariensis extract against different strains of nontyphoidal Salmonella. The extract showed varying MIC values and a high MPC, resulting in a wide MSW range. Several pathogenicity genes were detected in the Salmonella isolates. The antibacterial activity of the extract was not affected by antimicrobial resistance or pathogenicity genes, suggesting the presence of other active compounds.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ines Ambite, Nina A. Filenko, Elisabed Zaldastanishvili, Daniel S. C. Butler, Thi Hien Tran, Arunima Chaudhuri, Parisa Esmaeili, Shahram Ahmadi, Sanchari Paul, Bjorn Wullt, Johannes Putze, Swaine L. Chen, Ulrich Dobrindt, Catharina Svanborg
Summary: This study reveals a mechanism by which bacteria adapt to the host environment, modulating host gene expression by inhibiting the activity of RNA polymerase II in host cells, thus affecting the interaction between host and bacteria. By investigating the role of bacterial NlpD protein in hosts, new insights and possibilities for developing therapeutic approaches have been provided.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Daniel S. C. Butler, Caterina Cafaro, Johannes Putze, Murphy Lam Yim Wan, Thi Hien Tran, Ines Ambite, Shahram Ahmadi, Sven Kjellstrom, Charlotte Welinder, Sing Ming Chao, Ulrich Dobrindt, Catharina Svanborg
Summary: Bacterial protease can inhibit c-MYC protein in human cells, which leads to suppression of tumor cell proliferation and activity. This study provides a new direction and hope for targeted therapy of c-MYC.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Susan M. Brewer, Christian Twittenhoff, Jens Kortmann, Sky W. Brubaker, Jared Honeycutt, Liliana Moura Massis, Trung H. M. Pham, Franz Narberhaus, Denise M. Monack
Summary: Bacterial pathogens adjust their virulence factor expression in response to temperature changes through an RNA thermosensor, impacting their survival and infection capability. Specific pathogens like Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) regulate gene expression to successfully infect hosts and evade immune responses.
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Ines Ambite, Daniel Butler, Murphy Lam Yim Wan, Therese Rosenblad, Thi Hien Tran, Sing Ming Chao, Catharina Svanborg
Summary: The most common and lethal bacterial pathogens have evolved alongside the host's immune system. Excessive innate immune activation can lead to disease exacerbation, and understanding the immune system's functions is crucial for developing novel treatment and prevention strategies.
NATURE REVIEWS UROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Antonin Brisuda, James C. S. Ho, Pancham S. Kandiyal, Justin T-Y. Ng, Ines Ambite, Daniel S. C. Butler, Jaromir Hacek, Murphy Lam Yim Wan, Thi Hien Tran, Aftab Nadeem, Tuan Hiep Tran, Anna Hastings, Petter Storm, Daniel L. Fortunati, Parisa Esmaeili, Hana Novotna, Jakub Hornak, Y. G. Mu, K. H. Mok, Marek Babjuk, Catharina Svanborg
Summary: Partially unfolded alpha-lactalbumin forms an oleic acid complex with potent tumoricidal activity, and a clinical trial on bladder cancer patients shows promising results in terms of tumor cell shedding, tumor size reduction and inhibition of cancer-related genes' expression.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Riddhita Mukherjee, Carly A. Tompkins, Nicolai P. Ostberg, Amit U. Joshi, Liliana M. Massis, Vijith Vijayan, Kanika Gera, Denise Monack, Timothy T. Cornell, Mark W. Hall, Daria Mochly-Rosen, Bereketeab Haileselassie
Summary: This study reveals that inhibiting Drp1/Fis1-dependent mitochondrial fragmentation improves macrophage function and immune response in sepsis-induced immunoparalysis. This improvement is achieved by reducing the release of damaged extracellular mitochondria, which impacts endotoxin cross-tolerance. These findings suggest that alterations in mitochondrial dynamics play a crucial role in sepsis-induced immunoparalysis.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Julia Y. Co, Mar Margalef-Catala, Denise M. Monack, Manuel R. Amieva
Summary: The polarity of gastrointestinal organoids is reversed to study epithelial biology and host-microbe interactions, allowing increased access to the apical surface while preserving functions. The method quickly establishes an outward-facing apical surface, maintaining epithelial integrity, secretory and absorptive functions, and enabling differentiation control. This technique enhances the possibilities of organoid use in gastrointestinal and respiratory health and disease research by controlling organoid polarity.
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Daniel Butler, Ines Ambite, Murphy Lam Yim Wan, Thi Hien Tran, Bjorn Wullt, Catharina Svanborg
Summary: Innovative solutions are needed for the treatment of bacterial infections and exploring the immune system for therapeutic strategies is a promising approach. However, the immune system has a dual role and excessive immune responses can cause disease. Modulating innate immunity shows promise as a therapy for urinary tract infections, but further research is required.
NATURE REVIEWS UROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Trung H. M. Pham, Yuan Xue, Susan M. Brewer, Kenneth E. Bernstein, Stephen R. Quake, Denise M. Monack
Summary: Macrophages play both a crucial role in antimicrobial responses against intracellular bacterial pathogens and a permissive role in allowing these pathogens to persist in infected tissues. Through single-cell transcriptomics, we identify determinants of macrophage heterogeneity during persistent infection and describe distinct populations with different functions and spatial localization. We find that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) defines a macrophage population in granulomas that is nonpermissive for intracellular bacteria, and disruption of pathogen control is linked to preferential depletion of ACE+ macrophages.
Article
Microbiology
Meagan Hamblin, Ruth Schade, Ramya Narasimhan, Denise M. Monack
Summary: This study establishes a critical role for S. Typhi T3SSs during its replication within human macrophages and during systemic infection of humanized mice.
Review
Immunology
Trung H. M. Pham, Denise M. Monack
Summary: Macrophages function as tissue-immune sentinels and mediate key antimicrobial responses. They can act as a cellular niche for intracellular bacteria. Recent studies show that Salmonella and other intracellular bacteria inject virulence effectors into the cellular cytoplasm to reprogram macrophages into a permissive niche. Further research is needed to understand macrophage functional diversity and immunobiology.
CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Daniel S. C. Butler, Florian Wagenlehner, Martina Holler, Dimitri Abramov-Sommariva, Hubert Steindl, Kurt G. G. Naber
Summary: In this study, the effect of BNO 1045 (Canephron(®) N) on urine cytokine levels in women with uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI) was compared to fosfomycin treatment. The results showed that BNO 1045 is comparable to fosfomycin in reducing local inflammation associated with uUTI. This finding is important for developing new treatment strategies and understanding the mechanism of urinary tract infection.
UROLOGIA INTERNATIONALIS
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Bjorn Wullt, Daniel S. C. Butler, Ines Ambite, Julia Kinsolving, Christian Krintel, Catharina Svanborg
Summary: IL-1RA treatment shows promise in reducing chronic bladder pain and improving quality of life in patients with bladder pain syndrome, as demonstrated in a clinical study. The treatment works by inhibiting neuroinflammatory-dependent and IL-1-dependent gene networks, as well as regulators of innate immunity, providing molecular evidence of its effects.
EUROPEAN UROLOGY OPEN SCIENCE
(2021)