Assessment of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: a systematic review

Weperformed a systematic review of cardiovascular risk factors in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) and their cardiovascular outcomes, including acute coronary syndrome and stroke. A qualitative systematic review was conducted from January 1956 to December 2022 according to the PRISMA protocol using three electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. The studies were analyzed based on the following eligibility criteria: at least one combination of the terms described in the search strategy appeared in the title, written in English, Portuguese, or Spanish, and addressed risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in IIMs. Brief reports, reviews, papers addressing juvenile IIMs, congress proceedings, monographs, and dissertations were excluded. Twenty articles were included. According to the literature, most patients with IIMs are middle-aged North American or Asian women, with dyslipidemia and hypertension. The prevalence of the cardiovascular risk factors was generally low in IIMs, but with a high incidence of acute myocardial infarction. Further theoretical and prospective studies are needed to define the actual impact of each variable (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, smoking, alcoholism, obesity, and dyslipidemia) on the cardiovascular risk of patients with IIMs.

Automated summary

We conducted a systematic review to examine the cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs), including acute coronary syndrome and stroke. Our review followed the PRISMA protocol and searched three electronic databases from January 1956 to December 2022. Twenty articles were included, showing that most patients with IIMs are middle-aged North American or Asian women with dyslipidemia and hypertension. While the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors is generally low in IIMs, there is a high incidence of acute myocardial infarction. Further research is needed to determine the impact of different variables on cardiovascular risk in patients with IIMs.