Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhe Chu, Yixuan Wu, Xuanhui Dai, Cuicui Zhang, Qianfeng He
Summary: This study analyzed the risk factors for postoperative delirium in patients with hip fracture, finding that a history of delirium, diabetes mellitus, hypoxemia, hypoalbuminemia, and low body mass index were independent risk factors. Cutoff values for postoperative blood sugar, albumin, and BMI were identified for predicting delirium occurrence.
Article
Orthopedics
Weifang Xu, Haiping Ma, Wang Li, Chen Zhang
Summary: This study identified several independent risk factors for postoperative delirium in hip fracture patients, including preoperative albumin level, history of delirium, TSH level, resting score on the first postoperative day, and age. Monitoring these factors may be beneficial for predicting and managing postoperative delirium.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yi-ming Qi, Ying-juan Li, Ji-hong Zou, Xiao-dong Qiu, Jie Sun, Yun-feng Rui
Summary: The potential risk factors for postoperative delirium in geriatric patients with hip fracture include advanced age, male gender, preoperative cognitive impairment, preoperative dementia, diabetes, ASA level, low albumin, medical comorbidities, Parkinson's disease, and surgery delay.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Deng Horng Lee, Chih-Hsun Chang, Chih-Wei Chang, Yi-Chen Chen, Ta-Wei Tai
Summary: This study aimed to identify perioperative risk factors and clinical outcomes of postoperative delirium in patients undergoing hip bipolar hemiarthroplasty for displaced femoral neck fractures. Risk factors for postoperative delirium included a Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score >= 6, nighttime surgery, surgical delays, preoperative anemia, and blood transfusions. Delirium was associated with sepsis, longer hospital stays, higher 1-year mortality, and overall mortality. Early identification of high-risk patients and optimization of medical conditions before and after surgery are crucial.
JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Francois Labaste, Francois Delort, Fabrice Ferre, Fanny Bounes, Nicolas Reina, Philippe Valet, Cedric Dray, Vincent Minville
Summary: This study aimed to determine the role of postoperative delirium (POD) and postoperative neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) on the need for institutionalization at 3 months after hip fracture surgery. The study found that POD was significantly associated with the risk of long-term care, while NCDs were not. Preventing POD is essential for improving patient outcomes and the potential to return home.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Yaqi Hua, Yi Yuan, Xin Wang, Liping Liu, Jianting Zhu, Dongying Li, Ping Tu
Summary: This study systematically evaluated the risk prediction models for postoperative delirium in older adult hip fracture patients. The results showed that the established models had satisfactory predictive performance but there were also issues such as high risk of bias and lack of external validation.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Xiao-Hong Liu, Qing-Fu Zhang, Ying Liu, Qing-Wang Lu, Jian-Hua Wu, Xiao-Hua Gao, Zhi-Yuan Chen
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the occurrence of postoperative delirium and its associated risk factors in patients who underwent hip surgery. The incidence rate of postoperative delirium after hip surgery was found to be 32.9%. Various factors, including age, height, gender, preoperative and postoperative ESR levels, preoperative lactate levels, pain scores on the first day after surgery, and the specific surgical procedure performed, were found to be linked to the development of postoperative delirium. Additionally, the occurrence of delirium in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) was a strong indicator of the likelihood of experiencing postoperative delirium.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Jinlong Zhao, Guihong Liang, Kunhao Hong, Jianke Pan, Minghui Luo, Jun Liu, Bin Huang
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis to identify the risk factors associated with delirium after total joint arthroplasty (TJA). The study found that patient factors, comorbidities, surgical factors, and drug factors were all correlated with the occurrence of delirium. These findings provide important guidance for predicting and treating postoperative delirium.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Juan Wu, Yushuang Yin, Man Jin, Bixi Li
Summary: This study identified 14 risk factors associated with postoperative delirium in adult patients after hip fracture surgery, including individual factors like age and sex, as well as anesthetic and operative factors like regional anesthesia and transfusion. These risk factors can help identify high-risk patients who require close monitoring by clinicians.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Eic Ju Lim, Won Uk Koh, Hyungtae Kim, Ha-Jung Kim, Hyun-Chul Shon, Ji Wan Kim
Summary: Postoperative delirium is common in elderly patients with hip fracture, and pain is a major risk factor for delirium. Regional nerve blocks (RNBs) are effective in controlling pain and reducing delirium incidence. A study involving 252 patients showed that RNB was associated with lower delirium rates and better pain control in elderly patients undergoing hip surgery.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Samuel Hawley, Dominic Inman, Celia L. Gregson, Michael Whitehouse, Antony Johansen, Andrew Judge
Summary: This study aims to identify risk factors and examine associations with returning home or recovery of mobility among hip fracture patients who have normal preoperative cognition. The results show that patients with postoperative delirium are less likely to return home or regain outdoor mobility. Multiple factors, including deficits in preoperative cognition and malnutrition, increase the risk of delirium, while the use of preoperative nerve blocks reduces the risk. Understanding the importance of preventing postoperative delirium and identifying high-risk patients can potentially improve outcomes for hip fracture patients.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Koji Takahashi, Tomohiko Sato, Toshiyuki Ikeda
Summary: The WHiTE 5 trial results showed that elderly patients with hip fracture who underwent cemented hemiarthroplasty had higher postoperative health-related quality of life and lower risk of periprosthetic fracture compared to those who underwent uncemented hemiarthroplasty. However, there is a concern that postoperative delirium may have influenced the assessment of quality of life in this population, particularly at early follow-up.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xiaofen Li, Jimin Wu, Haiyan Lan, Weifeng Shan, Qiaomin Xu, Xiaoli Dong, Gongchen Duan
Summary: This study found that intraoperative intravenous lidocaine can reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture, without increasing the risk of local anesthetic toxicity.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Jiawei Shen, Youzhong An, Baoguo Jiang, Peixun Zhang
Summary: This study developed and validated a prediction score for postoperative delirium in geriatric patients undergoing hip fracture surgery or hip arthroplasty, identifying 9 predictive factors. The prediction model showed good calibration in two cohorts.
FRONTIERS IN SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Nursing
Hyunhwa Kim, Heeok Park, Eun Kyung Kim
Summary: This study aimed to identify the incidence of postoperative delirium in patients with colorectal cancer (PCC) and the related factors by analyzing the differences in general, disease-related, and operation-related characteristics. The results showed that physical activity, infection, and nutritional status were risk factors for postoperative delirium in PCC, highlighting the importance of encouraging physical activity, monitoring infection symptoms, and maintaining nutritional status to prevent delirium.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Esther S. Oh, Paul B. Rosenberg, Gail B. Rattinger, Elizabeth A. Stuart, Constantine G. Lyketsos, Jeannie-Marie S. Leoutsakos
Summary: This study found that the use of atypical antipsychotics in AD patients was associated with worse cognition and function, while the use of non-SSRI antidepressants was associated with better function. However, no drug class was associated with improvement in neuropsychiatric symptoms.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Carol K. Chan, Frederick E. Sieber, Kaj Blennow, Sharon K. Inouye, Geoffrey Kahn, Jeannie-Marie S. Leoutsakos, Edward R. Marcantonio, Karin J. Neufeld, Paul B. Rosenberg, Nae-Yuh Wang, Henrik Zetterberg, Constantine G. Lyketsos, Esther S. Oh
Summary: The study revealed an association between depressive symptoms and postoperative delirium in elderly hip fracture patients, with mild depressive symptoms being the strongest predictor of delirium. Additionally, depressive symptoms were linked to underlying Alzheimer's disease pathology, indicating a potential dementia prodrome.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Michael Kidorf, Robert K. Brooner, Jeannie-Marie Leoutsakos, Jessica Peirce
Summary: Referring syringe exchange registrants with opioid use disorder to methadone maintenance treatment can reduce drug use risk behaviors. Longer treatment episodes lead to additional risk reduction. However, continued illicit drug use in treatment diminishes the benefits of risk reduction.
SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Christopher B. Morrow, Jeannie-Marie Sheppard Leoutsakos, Chiadi U. Onyike
Summary: This study describes the chronology of functional disabilities in primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and investigates the associations between psychiatric comorbidities and functional disabilities. The findings provide guidance for clinicians to predict disabilities and target interventions in PPA.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Forrest Toegel, Matthew D. Novak, Andrew M. Rodewald, Jeannie-Marie Leoutsakos, Kenneth Silverman, August F. Holtyn
Summary: The study evaluated the feasibility and potential efficacy of a technology-assisted education program in teaching high-risk adults about opioids. Results showed significant increases in participant accuracy after each course, with learning retained across tests. Participant education, employment, and poverty did not affect learning outcomes.
PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Erden Eren, Jeannie-Marie Leoutsakos, Juan Troncoso, Constantine G. Lyketsos, Esther S. Oh, Dimitrios Kapogiannis
Summary: The hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology are senile plaques containing amyloid-beta (A beta) and neurofibrillary tangles containing hyperphosphorylated tau. Additional pathologies often co-exist, whereas multiple pathogenic mechanisms are involved in AD, especially synaptic degeneration, which necessitate the need for synaptic integrity-related biomarkers alongside A beta- and tau-related biomarkers. Plasma neuron-derived Extracellular Vesicles (NDEVs) provide biomarkers related to A beta and tau and synaptic degeneration. Higher levels of NDEV A beta(42) were consistently associated with better cognitive status, memory, fluency, working memory, and executive function. Higher levels of NDEV synaptic integrity-related biomarkers were associated with better performance on executive function tasks. Our findings support the hypothesis that releasing A beta(42)-laden NDEVs may be an adaptive mechanism in AD.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Forrest Toegel, Andrew M. Rodewald, Matthew D. Novak, Sarah Pollock, Meghan Arellano, Jeannie-Marie Leoutsakos, August F. Holtyn, Kenneth Silverman
Summary: Based on evaluation of randomized controlled trials, only a few interventions were able to significantly increase the proportion of HIV-infected individuals achieving undetectable viral loads. Overall, these interventions were found to be more effective than Standard of Care. However, recent interventions did not show increased effectiveness in promoting undetectable viral loads.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Inga Margret Antonsdottir, Jeannie-Marie Leoutsakos, Danetta Sloan, Morgan Spliedt, Deirdre Johnston, Melissa Reuland, Constantine Lyketsos, Halima Amjad, Quincy M. Samus
Summary: Community-dwelling dementia care partners (CPs) have diverse and modifiable unmet needs. Optimal approaches to dementia care should take a family-centered home-based approach, including routine needs assessment for CPs and targeted interventions to improve outcomes for both patients and CPs.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Matthew D. Novak, August F. Holtyn, Forrest Toegel, Jeannie-Marie Leoutsakos, Kenneth Silverman
Summary: This study found that long-term delivery of abstinence-contingent wage supplements can promote drug abstinence and employment, but many patients relapse to drug use and cease employment when wage supplements are discontinued.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Durga Roy, Anjik Ghosh, Haijuan Yan, Jeannie-Marie Leoutsakos, Vani Rao, Matthew E. Peters, Timothy E. Van Meter, Haris Sair, Hayley Falk, Frederick K. Korley, Kathleen T. Bechtold
Summary: This study compared the correlates of depressive symptoms in first-time mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) patients within the first 6 months of recovery. The study found that depressive symptoms were associated with persistent postconcussive symptoms and incomplete functional recovery in the first 6 months after mTBI. The study also identified factors such as being female, older, lower education, having brain lesions, experiencing worse postconcussive symptoms, and incomplete functional recovery that were associated with the development of depressive symptoms and poor outcomes after mTBI.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Elizabeth A. Wise, Roy J. Adams, Constantine G. Lyketsos, Jeannie-Marie Leoutsakos
Summary: This study presents a novel graphical method called Slinkyplot to visualize patterns of antidepressant use in a large prospective cohort of older adults with mild cognitive impairment. The constructed Slinkyplots reveal the common practice of switching between different antidepressants over time.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF METHODS IN PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cherie Strikwerda-Brown, Diana A. Hobbs, Julie Gonneaud, Frederic St-Onge, Alexa Pichet Binette, Hazal Ozlen, Karine Provost, Jean-Paul Soucy, Rachel F. Buckley, Tammie L. S. Benzinger, John C. Morris, Victor L. Villemagne, Vincent Dore, Reisa A. Sperling, Keith A. Johnson, Christopher C. Rowe, Brian A. Gordon, Judes Poirier, John C. S. Breitner, Sylvia Villeneuve
Summary: The study confirmed the clinical value of NIA-AA biological research criteria in predicting whether older individuals with no cognitive impairment will develop AD symptoms in the near future, with most A+T+(N+) individuals developing AD symptoms within 2 to 3 years.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hazal Ozlen, Alexa Pichet Binette, Theresa Kobe, Pierre-Francois Meyer, Julie Gonneaud, Frederic St-Onge, Karine Provost, Jean-Paul Soucy, Pedro Rosa-Neto, John Breitner, Judes Poirier, Sylvia Villeneuve
Summary: This study investigated the timing at which A beta-PET binding starts showing associations with other markers of Alzheimer's disease. Participants with regional A beta binding had more APOE epsilon 4 carriers, reduced CSF A beta 1-42 levels, and greater longitudinal A beta-PET accumulation compared to A beta-negative individuals.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gregory M. Pontone, Kate M. Perepezko, Jared T. Hinkle, Joseph J. Gallo, Stephen Grill, Jeannie -Marie Leoutsakos, Kelly A. Mills, Howard D. Weiss, Zoltan Mari
Summary: Anxiety associated with dopamine medication fluctuations is a significant problem for individuals with Parkinson's disease. This study aimed to determine whether a specific profile of fluctuating anxiety exists in PD patients and whether it is associated with other symptoms or characteristics. The findings revealed that 31% of participants experienced a worsening in anxiety during the off-dopamine medication state, indicating the potential need for targeted interventions for this subgroup.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lekha Yesantharao, Paul Rosenberg, Esther Oh, Jeannie Leoutsakos, Cynthia A. Munro, Yuri Agrawal
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of using vestibular therapy to reduce falls and improve balance function in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and address the high level of vestibular deficits in this patient population.
PILOT AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES
(2022)
