Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xu Chen, Mohammad G. Matar, Danielle N. Beatty, Wil V. Srubar
Summary: The study found that adding different proportions of raw algal biomass significantly delays cement hydration, with the retardation effect further influenced by the manipulation of functional groups in the algae through treatment. The effects of algae on the morphology, mineralogy, and compressive strength of cement pastes can be considered negligible. Overall, raw algae could serve as a renewable, cost-competitive, CO2-storing set-retarding admixture for cement-based materials.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jixi Chen, Jinqing Jia, Mengyu Zhu, Lihua Zhang
Summary: This article explores the working mechanism of alkanolamine in the process of cement hydration, including its molecular structure, research progress in early hydration chemistry, impact on the setting and hardening process of Portland cement system, and influence on the establishment of cement hydration kinetics model.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xueyu Pang, Lijun Sun, Min Chen, Ming Xian, Guodong Cheng, Yang Liu, Jiankun Qin
Summary: The experimental program investigated the hydration and strength development of Class G oil well cement under various curing temperatures. Results showed linear relationships between heat of hydration, non-evaporable water content, and degree of hydration, largely independent of curing temperature. Curing temperature influences hydration and strength development rates, which can be modeled using an equivalent age method.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Kalina Grabowska, Marcin Koniorczyk
Summary: The study investigated the impact of three different organosilicon compounds on Portland cement hydration, finding that these compounds, except one, can reduce the rate and amount of heat release during hydration process and significantly delay the hydration reaction. The effects of various organosilicon admixtures on the activation energy were found to be different.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
James E. Vigor, Susan A. Bernal, Xianghui Xiao, John L. Provis
Summary: Time-resolved in-situ synchrotron X-ray microtomography provides detailed insights into the chemical and physical processes of Portland cement hardening. The tracking protocol allows direct observation of the growth of hydration products and pore network, as well as the formation of density gradients within cement particles.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sreejith Krishnan, Abhishek Singh, Shashank Bishnoi
Summary: This study investigates the influence of alkali addition on the hydration, phase assemblage, and strength development in ordinary portland cement (OPC) and limestone-calcined clay cement (LC3) produced with 50% clinker replacement. The alkalinity of OPC and LC3 was increased using four different alkali salts, resulting in an acceleration of early age hydration and strength development in both systems. However, increasing the alkalinity was also observed to reduce later age clinker hydration and strength development.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Laura Silvestro, Geannina Terezinha dos Santos Lima, Artur Spat Ruviaro, Daniela Zambelli Mezalira, Philippe Jean Paul Gleize
Summary: This study investigates the effect of incorporating APTES-functionalized CNTs on early-age hydration and rheological behavior of Portland cement. The results show that CNT silanization improves the early age performance and fresh properties of cement paste, without affecting the early hydration of cement.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
O. Linderoth, L. Wadso, D. Jansen
Summary: This study showed that the thermal power of hydration can be measured for up to a year using isothermal calorimetry, and the degree of hydration can be determined with good agreement using various methods.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Wenyu Li, Jian Wang, Weiyi Chen, Jianhao Yin, Haijun Yang, Xiangming Kong
Summary: The impact of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on the hydration of white Portland cement (WPC) was studied using various techniques. The retardation effect of β-CD was confirmed in both WPC and pure C3S pastes, and it was found that the aluminate phases in WPC pastes mitigated this effect. β-CD remaining in the aqueous solution of the WPC pastes was found to block the formation of certain hydrates, leading to an extended induction period. High dosage of β-CD was also found to directly promote the precipitation of certain hydrates in the aqueous solution.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Maria Chiara Dalconi, Gilberto Artioli, Norberto Masciocchi, Carlotta Giacobbe, Fabio Castiglioni, Giorgio Ferrari
Summary: A new calcium aluminate phase, named M-phase, containing formate ions, was synthesized and its crystal structure was determined. The crystal structure of the M-phase is similar to that of ettringite, showing a strong interaction between formate ions and the calcium aluminate components of Portland cement.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Beatriz Goncalves, Caio Exposito, Tomaz Toshimi Ishikawa, Guilherme Yuuki Koga
Summary: This project aims to understand the phase evolution during the hydration of two commercial Portland cements containing carbonate material using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The in-situ technique was compared with the conventional ex-situ method, and it was found that the ex-situ method was suitable for quantifying the contents of constituents and identifying aluminate hydrates. The in-situ approach offered time savings, but had limitations in phase quantification accuracy. The joint use of in-situ and ex-situ techniques can be favorable in an industrial environment, especially in the context of new standards.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yao Yu Wang, Lihua Zhao, Jing Zhao
Summary: Submicron metakaolin (SMK) as a partial substitute for Portland cement can significantly increase the heat release rate and total heat release of cement slurry, reduce the content of calcium hydroxide (CH) and increase the generation of Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H) gel, thus improving the compressive strength of the slurry.
KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ekaterina Karpova, Gintautas Skripkiunas, Irmantas Barauskas, Ieva Barauskiene, Jakub Hodul
Summary: The study investigated the changes in heat of hydration of Portland cement when modified by a complex admixture. The admixture extended the hydration process and reduced heat flow and total hydration heat emission, affecting hydration products. It can be useful for construction practices that require low heat emission.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
J. Goergens, R. Belli, C. Schulbert, F. Goetz-Neunhoeffer
Summary: The study investigated the influence of the CA2/CA ratio on the mechanical properties of a calcium aluminate cement (CAC) binder formulation containing calcite. The hydration degrees of CA2 and CA, as well as the content of AH3, were determined using QXRD. The results showed that the mechanical properties deteriorated significantly above a CA2/CA ratio of 70:30, which correlated well with the presence of macro-porosity.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Meng-Yen Lin, Paul Grandgeorge, Andrew M. M. Jimenez, Bichlien H. H. Nguyen, Eleftheria Roumeli
Summary: The addition of chlorella or spirulina above 5wt% in ordinary Portland cement inhibits the hardening hydration reactions in the long term. Incorporating carbon-fixing materials like photosynthetic algae in concrete formulations can effectively reduce the high carbon footprint of cement. The introduction of up to 0.5 wt% chlorella biomatter in ordinary Portland cement delays the strength development of the composite cement while achieving a long-term compressive strength comparable to pure cement with a lower carbon footprint.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tobias Danner, Harald Justnes, Mette Geiker, Rolf Andreas Lauten
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2016)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tobias Danner, Geir Norden, Harald Justnes
APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Tobias Danner, Geir Norden, Harald Justnes
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2019)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Tobias Danner, Ulla Hjorth Jakobsen, Mette Rica Geiker
Article
Construction & Building Technology
V. Marcos-Meson, M. Geiker, G. Fischer, A. Solgaard, U. H. Jakobsen, T. Danner, C. Edvardsen, T. L. Skovhus, A. Michel
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Mette Geiker, Tobias Danner, Alexander Michel, Andres Belda Revert, Oskar Linderoth, Karla Hornbostel
Summary: The study investigated the corrosion state of three pre-cracked concrete beams after 25 years of marine exposure, finding that inadequate plastic spacers may have a greater impact on reinforcement corrosion than bending cracks. While increased chloride ingress was detected in cracked areas, very limited corrosion was observed where cracks reached the reinforcement. The hypothesis is that corrosion initiated at weak spots, such as plastic spacers, may actually protect the remaining reinforcement from corrosion.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Cristobal Javier Manquehual, Pal Drevland Jakobsen, Karl Gunnar Holter, Klaartje De Weerdt, Tobias Danner, Amund Bruland
Summary: The in-service condition of steel fiber-reinforced shotcrete installed more than 20 years ago in the Nordkapp subsea road tunnel was investigated. This study compared shotcrete with water-glass and alkali-free activators in a saline groundwater environment. It was found that the lowest shotcrete density was obtained at joints between two adjacent layers, and ettringite enrichment was observed in these joints when alkali-free accelerator was used. Leaching was identified as the main degradation mechanism in the outermost 10-15 cm towards the traffic room.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Solomon Adomako, Christian John Engelsen, Tobias Danner, Rein Terje Thorstensen, Diego Maria Barbieri
Summary: This study investigates the mechanical performance of recycled aggregates derived from excavation materials. The blended mixtures of recycled phyllite materials and excavation materials were tested using Los Angeles and micro-Deval tests. The results showed that about 40% of recycled phyllite materials can be blended without affecting the required performance.
BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Mette Geiker, Samanta Robuschi, Karin Lundgren, Charilaos Paraskevoulakos, Carsten Gundlach, Tobias Danner, Ulla Hjorth Jakobsen, Alexander Michel
Summary: This study investigates the impact of cracks on the corrosion performance of conventional steel reinforcement in marine-exposed concrete through analyzing monitoring data. The results show no corrosion on the surface of reinforcing bars in both cracked and uncracked areas. However, significant corrosion is found in the interior of the instrumented reinforcing bars.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tobias Danner, Malin Sletnes, Harald Justnes
NORDIC CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tobias Danner, Harald Justnes
NORDIC CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Karla Hornbostel, Tobias Danner, Mette Rica Geiker
NORDIC CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tobias Danner, Harald Justnes
NORDIC CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2018)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Tobias Danner, Mette Rica Geiker
NORDIC CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2018)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Qi Zheng, Chengyao Liang, Jinyang Jiang, Haiyan Mao, Karen C. Bustillo, Chengyu Song, Jeffrey A. Reimer, Paulo J. M. Monteiro, Haimei Zheng, Shaofan Li
Summary: This study used scanning transmission electron microscopy to examine defects in cement particles at the single-atom level. The researchers identified different types of defects and found that they play a crucial role in cement hydration, facilitating dissolution and providing nucleation sites for hydration products.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Anuj Parashar, Shashank Bishnoi
Summary: This study investigated the hydration of siliceous fly ash, slag, and metakaolin with calcium hydroxide, and found that the rate of hydration and phase assemblage is influenced by the alkali and sulphate content, while siliceous fly ash is less affected by alkalis and sulphates.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Peimin Zhan, Juan Wang, Hanbing Zhao, Wengui Li, Surendra P. Shah, Jing Xu
Summary: This study investigates the influence of hydrothermal synthetic conditions on the properties of C-S-H seeds and reveals the correlations between C-S-H seeds properties, hydration kinetics, and paste performances. It is found that low reactant concentrations and calcium-to-silicon ratios facilitate the production of C-S-H seeds with small size and high purity. Using C-S-H seeds with high effective surface area accelerates the hydration process of cement, resulting in refined pore structure and enhanced strength.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhaozheng Meng, Qing-feng Liu, Neven Ukrainczyk, Song Mu, Yufei Zhang, Geert De Schutter
Summary: This study developed a numerical framework to investigate the combined attack of sulfate and chloride ions on cementitious materials in marine and saline environments. The study quantified various chemical reactions and solved the electrostatic potential caused by multi-ion coupling. The results showed that neglecting the multi-ions coupling effect could result in an underestimated chemical coupling strength in competitive chloride-sulfate binding.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ning Li, Cise Unluer
Summary: This study aimed to improve the carbonation efficiency and reduce processing time of recycled concrete aggregates (RCAs). Wet carbonation with seawater was found to be more efficient than dry carbonation, leading to significant reduction in water absorption and increase in density of RCAs. The compressive strength of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) prepared with 1-hour seawater carbonated RCAs was also improved. The formation of ettringite and calcite under wet carbonation contributed to the increased density and strength, as well as improved bond strength in the interfacial transition zone of RAC. Seawater presents several advantages as a medium for wet carbonation, including its abundant availability, CO2 capture capacity, and accelerated hydration and carbonation.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yong Tao, Yining Gao, Yanjie Sun, Roland J. -M. Pellenq, Chi Sun Poon
Summary: Decalcification of calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) is an important issue for the long-term safety of cement-based infrastructures. Using molecular simulations, this study reveals an important mechanism of accelerated C-S-H decalcification in seawater, which involves ion exchange between surface Ca and electrical double layers, resulting in a decrease in Ca dissolution free energy. This finding enhances the understanding and prediction of cementitious materials' degradation.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kumaran Coopamootoo, Enrico Masoero
Summary: This study uses kinetic simulations to investigate the relationship between dissolution rate and saturation index in minerals in solution. Two distinct regimes are observed, with stresses at crystallographic defects controlling the transition between them. A parameterization of the interaction potentials is proposed to obtain consistent interfacial energies with water. The findings contribute to the current discussion on controlling reactivity using materials and defects.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Faping Li, Qianshi Chen, Yiyan Lu, Yunlong Zou, Shan Li
Summary: In this study, the impact of functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and a silane coupling agent on the performance and microstructure of alkali-activated fly ash/slag pastes was investigated. The results showed that the addition of these materials can prolong setting time, improve flowability and mechanical strength, and reduce mass loss and drying shrinkage.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yaozeng Wang, Wencui Yang, Ai Zhang, Penghuan Liu, Yong Ge
Summary: Low-temperature low-field nuclear magnetic resonance was used to analyze icing in water saturated white cement paste specimens during the freeze-thaw process at different temperatures. The experimental results were compared with classical theory, showing agreement at certain temperatures but discrepancies at others. New equations were proposed based on the analysis of specimens saturated with different solutions to relate the volume of frozen water to temperature during freezing and thawing of cementitious materials.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shengjie Yan, Yingjie Liang
Summary: This paper proposes a fractal derivative model with a non-linear distributed-order (DOFM) to describe the multi-scaling behaviors of particle diffusion in alkali-activated materials. The DOFM is tested using experimental data and is found to effectively describe the multi-scaling diffusion behaviors of particles in the materials.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Cecilia Pesce, Richard J. Ball, Marco Molinari, Shaun Reeksting, Giovanni Luca Pesce
Summary: This study evaluates the effect of ten organic additives on the microstructure of portlandite crystals during CaO hydration. It was found that the presence of carbohydrates and sulfonates can alter the structure of portlandite and the properties of lime can be controlled by adding carbohydrates. This has significant implications for the development of new binders and reducing CO2 emissions.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Daniel Jansen, Alexander German, Dominique Ectors, Frank Winnefeld
Summary: This study used X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement technique to investigate a hydrous carbonate-containing brucite and found that the 001 reflection of this phase split into different patterns at different temperatures. The presence of water and/or carbonate influenced the distance between the layers in the brucite structure.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Dylan Singh, Trinh Thao My Nguyen, Evann Bustamantes, Abdul Wahab, Ahmad Hamzah Yousaf, Ian Shortt, Frank W. Foss Jr, Maria Konsta-Gdoutos, Sang Soo Lee, Erika La Plante
Summary: This study analyzes the chemical structure and morphology of magnesium silicate hydrate (MSH) grown under different concentration ratios and temperatures. The results show that increasing the magnesium to silicon ratio reduces silicate polymerization in MSH, and at higher temperatures and longer reaction times, oriented attachment of nanoparticles and enhanced crystallinity are observed. These findings provide insights into the precise chemical synthesis of MSH and its widespread use as a binder in construction.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
J. C. O. Zepper, S. R. van der Laan, K. Schollbach, H. J. H. Brouwers
Summary: This study presents a method to calculate the main phases of BOF slag based on chemical composition and validates the proposed final model through quantitative model assessment and validation approaches.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yierfan Maierdan, Samuel J. Armistead, Rebecca A. Mikofsky, Qiqi Huang, Lola Ben-Alon, Wil V. Srubar III, Shiho Kawashima
Summary: This research investigated the effects of sodium alginate on the stability and 3D printability of kaolinite suspensions. The findings showed that sodium alginate could enhance the stability of kaolinite and improve the strength of printable mixtures, as well as shift the printability window.
CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH
(2024)