Article
Clinical Neurology
Chen Jin, Lijuan Zhao, Jinhui Wu, Lianshun Jia, Liming Cheng, Ning Xie
Summary: By measuring the available space for the cord and cord swelling, the severity of neurological impairment in patients following traumatic cervical spinal cord injury can be assessed. The study found that as the available space for the cord and cord swelling increased, the risk of traumatic cervical spinal cord injury in patients increased.
EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Lei Xie, Hang Wu, Xiaohong Huang, Tengbo Yu
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a sudden disruption to the spinal neural tissue, causing loss of motor control and sensory function. Melatonin, a hormone with antioxidant properties, has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in SCI, reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell death. This review highlights the potential applications of melatonin in SCI rehabilitation, including its synergistic effects with drugs, rehabilitation training, and stem cell therapy.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yue Guo, Peng Zhang, Haosen Zhao, Chang Xu, Sen Lin, Xifan Mei, He Tian
Summary: In this study, melatonin was found to promote the beneficial polarization of microglia from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammation, decrease ROS activity, and restore mitochondrial metabolism. Melatonin may have therapeutic potential for neuroinflammation-related neurological disorders, such as spinal cord injury.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bo-Ram Na, Hyoung-Yeon Seo
Summary: The study investigated the effect of surgical decompression for severe adult spinal cord injury without major bone injury, finding that intramedullary lesion length (IMLL) and compression rate have the most powerful effect on neurological outcome. Additionally, 5 out of 11 patients showed improved neurological grade one year postoperatively.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tao Jiang, Tao Qin, Peng Gao, Zhiwen Tao, Xiaowei Wang, Mengyuan Wu, Jun Gu, Bo Chu, Ziyang Zheng, Jiang Yi, Tao Xu, Yifan Huang, Hao Liu, Shujie Zhao, Yongxin Ren, Jian Chen, Guoyong Yin
Summary: The expression of SIRT1 in spinal cord endothelial cells is decreased after spinal cord injury (SCI). SIRT1 has the ability to reduce endothelial reactive oxygen species production and protect endothelial barrier function, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target for promoting functional recovery against blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) disruption following SCI.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xuyang Hu, Jinxin Huang, Yiteng Li, Lei Dong, Yihao Chen, Fangru Ouyang, Jianjian Li, Ziyu Li, Juehua Jing, Li Cheng
Summary: This study demonstrated that TAZ is significantly upregulated and mainly expressed in microglia after spinal cord injury (SCI). It accumulates in the nuclei of microglia and promotes their migration, leading to the formation of microglial scars and functional recovery.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Oscar Alcantar-Garibay, Diego Incontri-Abraham, Antonio Ibarra
Summary: Spinal cord injury is a serious condition that can lead to lifelong disability. It can be classified into traumatic and non-traumatic types, and has primary and secondary injury phases. The secondary phase, which lasts for weeks or months, is characterized by pro-inflammatory processes and can result in cognitive impairment.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Yiwen Zhang, Rui Lang, Shunyu Guo, Xiaoqin Luo, Huiting Li, Cencen Liu, Wei Dong, Changshun Bao, Yang Yu
Summary: Recent studies have shown that spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with an imbalance of intestinal microbiota and dysregulation of melatonin secretion. Melatonin plays a protective role in preventing secondary damage to the spinal cord and is related to the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota can influence melatonin production and function, as well as contribute to complications after SCI.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jiaqi Bi, Peiyu Sun, Erwei Feng, Jianxiong Shen, Chong Chen, Haining Tan, Zheng Li, Youxi Lin
Summary: This study demonstrated the synergistic therapeutic effects of melatonin and half-dose methylprednisolone for treating spinal cord injury. The combination of melatonin and half-dose methylprednisolone significantly reduced the dosage of methylprednisolone and limited its adverse reactions. The PI3K-AKT1 pathway was involved in the amelioration of acute SCI.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Bo Xu, Jiaqi Fang, Jianguang Wang, Xuehan Jin, Shengfu Liu, Kaihang Song, Ping Wang, Junjian Liu, Shuhao Liu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effect of edaravone on blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB) disruption after spinal cord injury (SCI). The results showed that edaravone treatment promoted functional recovery, improved vascular damage, and up-regulated BSCB-associated proteins in rats with SCI. In vitro experiments also demonstrated that edaravone improved cell viability, restored intercellular junctions, and promoted angiogenic activities. The underlying mechanism may involve the improvement of autophagy and the phosphorylation of RIP1/RIP3/MLKL. Overall, edaravone can be a potential treatment option for SCI.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Raban Arved Heller, Julian Seelig, Helena Lucia Crowell, Maximilian Pilz, Patrick Haubruck, Qian Sun, Lutz Schomburg, Volker Daniel, Arash Moghaddam, Bahram Biglari
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between remission after traumatic spinal cord injury and the dynamics of monocyte subsets, lymphocytes' responsive potential, cytokine expression, patterns of trace element concentration, and clinical covariates. Clinical research findings suggest that early dynamics in monocyte subsets can predict recovery from traumatic spinal cord injury.
Article
Clinical Neurology
David Putrino, John W. Krakauer
Summary: This article reports and comments on the magnitudes of post-stroke impairment reduction currently observed using new neurotechnologies. The best use case for neurotechnology is impairment reduction, which is different from the main goal of conventional rehabilitation. The article discusses different types of neurotechnologies and argues that novel forms of high dose and high intensity behavioral intervention are needed to achieve large reductions in impairment.
NEUROREHABILITATION AND NEURAL REPAIR
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Zhou Feng, Lingxia Min, Liang Liang, Beike Chen, Hui Chen, Yi Zhou, Weiwei Deng, Hongliang Liu, Jingming Hou
Summary: It has been discovered that infiltrated neutrophils in spinal cord injury produce NETs, promoting neuroinflammation and blood-spinal cord barrier disruption, exacerbating SCI. Inhibition or disruption of NETs formation can alleviate damage and promote functional recovery after SCI.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Rubing Zhou, Junzhao Li, Zhengyang Chen, Ruideng Wang, Yin Shen, Rong Zhang, Fang Zhou, Yong Zhang
Summary: Blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) disruption is a crucial event in spinal cord injury (SCI), allowing harmful substances to enter neural tissue and exacerbate secondary damage. The mechanisms of BSCB disruption in the acute phase of SCI remain unclear, leading to a lack of effective clinical treatment strategies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Li Deng, Jun Qiao Lv, Lin Sun
Summary: This study systematically analyzed the experimental treatments and their mechanisms for reducing blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB) injury in the early stage of traumatic spinal cord injury (t-SCI). BMSC-Exos, which inhibit matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression, are currently the most effective therapeutic modality for alleviating BSCB damage. In addition, the regulation of MMPs, the Akt pathway, and the ER stress pathway play important roles in alleviating BSCB injury.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)