Cross-Cultural Validation of the Chinese Version of the Health Promoting Activities Scale

Importance: The Health Promoting Activities Scale (HPAS) measures the frequency of participation in health promoting activities of mothers of children with disabilities. Translation of the HPAS into Chinese and validation of the Chinese version will enable its use with Chinese-speaking mothers of children with disabilities. Objective: To translate the HPAS into Chinese and assess its construct validity in relation to measures of wellbeing, mental health, and activity satisfaction. Design: Cross-cultural validation. Setting: Community. Participants: Eight bilingual Chinese speakers were involved in the translation. Ethnic Chinese mothers of children with disabilities living in Australia, Singapore, or Taiwan (N = 89) were recruited via purposive snowball sampling. Participants self-selected to complete the Chinese e-survey. Outcomes and Measures: Translation was guided by recommended frameworks. The Chinese versions of the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWS), Personal Well-being Index (PWI), and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-10 (K10) were used to determine construct validity. Internal reliability was investigated. Results: The Chinese version of the HPAS correlated significantly with satisfaction ratings (r = .45, p < .001; n = 87), WEMWS Total score (r = .61, p < .001; n = 85), PWI mean score (r = .44, p < .001; n = 84), and K10 total score (r =-.33, p = .002; n = 81). Internal reliability was moderate (Cronbach's a = .74). Conclusions and Relevance: The Chinese version of the HPAS was found to be cross-culturally equivalent to the original HPAS and psychometrically sound for use with Chinese-speaking mothers of children with disabilities. What This Article Adds: This study provides an example of the cross-cultural validation process. The Chinese version of the HPAS is psychometrically sound and could be used as an outcome measure of Chinese mothers' participation in health-promoting activities.

Automated summary

This study translated the Health Promoting Activities Scale (HPAS) into Chinese and assessed its construct validity. The results showed that the Chinese version of HPAS correlated significantly with satisfaction ratings, mental well-being, and psychological distress, and had moderate internal reliability. The study demonstrates that the Chinese version of HPAS is reliable for use with Chinese-speaking mothers of children with disabilities.