Article
Sport Sciences
Irineu Loturco, Peter Ashcroft, Nathan Evans, Chris Tombs, Lucas A. Pereira, Ian Jeffreys
Summary: The study examined the relationship between different physical capacities in young Welsh rugby players. Significant associations were found between jump height, sprint velocity, maximum isometric strength, and aerobic fitness. Strong positive interrelationships were observed between strength, speed, and jump qualities. The findings suggest that U16 athletes can improve their aerobic fitness and neuromuscular performance simultaneously. Practitioners are recommended to use multifaceted training schemes with young rugby players, including endurance, speed, strength, and power training.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Jordan Hernandez-Martinez, Eduardo Guzman-Munoz, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Tomas Herrera-Valenzuela, Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco, Sergio Avila-Valencia, Juan Luis Carter-Beltran, Pablo Aravena-Sagardia, Jorge Mendez-Cornejo, Pablo Valdes-Badilla
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the effect of plyometric training at different frequencies on jump performance, running sprint speed, and service speed in youth male volleyball players. The results showed that moderate plyometric training once or twice a week significantly improved the participants' jump performance, sprint speed, and service speed.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jakub P. Fichna, Kinga Huminska-Lisowska, Krzysztof Safranow, Jakub G. Adamczyk, Pawel Cieszczyk, Cezary Zekanowski, Mariusz Berdynski
Summary: Several genetic variants related to mental abilities in two genes were studied in a group of athletes and sedentary controls, showing no significant differences in most cases. However, a specific variant in SLC6A2 was found to be overrepresented in male high-elite martial sports athletes. This suggests that genetic variants potentially affecting brain functioning can impact elite athletic performance, warranting further research.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Daniel Castillo, Javier Raya-Gonzalez, Aaron T. Scanlan, Silvia Sanchez-Diaz, Demetrio Lozano, Javier Yanci
Summary: The study compared physical fitness attributes and external match demands among youth basketball players of different age categories. U14 players had lower physical fitness and performed less high-speed running during simulated matches compared to U16 and U18 players. Physical fitness attributes were significantly associated with external match demands in each age group, particularly in the U14 category.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Beata Peplonska, Agata Piestrzynska-Kajtoch, Kinga Huminska-Lisowska, Jakub Grzegorz Adamczyk, Marcin Siewierski, Artur Gurgul, Agnieszka Fornal, Monika Michalowska-Sawczyn, Cezary Zekanowski, Pawel Cieszczyk, Mariusz Berdynski
Summary: Successful athletic performance may be weakly associated with genetic variants of MYRF and SOX10, with most SNPs showing no significant differences in distribution between athletes and non-athletes, but some interesting variations were noted in certain variants.
Article
Sport Sciences
Mari Leppanen, Aliisa Uotila, Kari Tokola, Hannele Forsman-Lampinen, Urho M. Kujala, Jari Parkkari, Pekka Kannus, Kati Pasanen, Tommi Vasankari
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between physical fitness, football-specific skills, and injury risk in youth football. The study found that a high level of physical fitness was associated with increased injury risk, while the level of football-specific skills had no influence on injury risk.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Silvia Sanchez-Diaz, Javier Yanci, Javier Raya-Gonzalez, Aaron T. Scanlan, Daniel Castillo
Summary: This study compared physical fitness attributes, physical activity levels, nutritional habits, and nutritional knowledge between elite male and female basketball players under 14 years of age. Results showed that male players exhibited better physical fitness and performed more physical activity in their leisure time than females. There were no significant differences in nutritional habits and nutritional knowledge between sexes, with both male and female players showing poor nutritional knowledge and low consumption of fruits and vegetables. These findings suggest the need for individualized training programs and nutrition-focused education interventions for young basketball players.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Raina V. Voss, Lisa M. Kuhns, Gregory Phillips II, Xinzi Wang, Sigrid F. Wolf, Robert Garofalo, Sari Reisner, Lauren B. Beach
Summary: Evidence suggests that transgender youth participate in physical activity less than nontransgender youth, which may lead to poorer health outcomes. This study examined the relationship between gender modality and participation in physical activity, physical education (PE), and sports teams in a multistate sample of high school youth, while also considering the impact of bullying. The findings indicate that transgender students have lower odds of participating in physical activity, but similar or higher odds of participating in PE and sports compared to cisgender students. The study suggests that factors other than bullying may contribute to the limited physical activity among transgender youth.
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Kevin W. Gavin, Aoife Lane, Kieran P. Dowd
Summary: The study quantified changes in physical activity levels attained by adolescents during Gaelic football participation and found that females significantly increased their time spent in MVPA during Gaelic football, while males did not show significant changes over time. The results suggest that the change in daily PA levels by females is due to increased MVPA during Gaelic football and reduced PA barriers across the season.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Assaf Lev, Gershon Tenenbaum, Omer Eldadi, Topaz Broitman, Jonathan Friedland, Maor Sharabany, Yair Galily
Summary: The study reveals that while physical violence incidents decreased over time, symbolic violence incidents increased in the NBA. Symbolic violence is perceived as less glamorous and receives less media coverage compared to physical violence. The rise of symbolic violence could potentially cause psychological harm and should be closely monitored.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nancy E. Murphy, Christopher T. Carrigan, Lee M. Margolis
Summary: The use of high-fat, ketogenic diets to support physical performance has gained popularity, but the impact of such diets on performance remains controversial. A systematic review of 17 studies found that while ketogenic diets may have varying effects on endurance and power/strength performance, overall they do not significantly improve or impair physical performance compared to mixed macronutrient diets. Various factors such as duration of diet consumption, training status, performance tests, and sex differences may contribute to the conflicting results observed in different studies.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Elvio Rubio Gouveia, Helder Lopes, Marcelo de Maio Nascimento, Filipe Manuel Clemente, Hugo Sarmento, Andreas Ihle, Gerson Ferrari, Pedro Luz, Henrique Caldeira, Adilson Marques
Summary: This study investigated the differences in physical fitness and body composition between students without sports practice (G1), students with regular sports practice (G2), and student referees in team invasion games (G3). The results showed that student referees had better physical fitness and body composition compared to the other two groups, with significant differences.
Article
Sport Sciences
Fabrizio Perroni, Carlo Castagna, Stefano Amatori, Erica Gobbi, Mario Vetrano, Vincenzo Visco, Laura Guidetti, Carlo Baldari, Marco Bruno Luigi Rocchi, Davide Sisti
Summary: This study used exploratory factor analysis to assess the fitness performance of youth football players. The results showed that physical performance, training status, and anthropometric characteristics are important factors in evaluating youth football players.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Alexander T. Carswell, Sarah Jackson, Paul Swinton, Thomas J. O'Leary, Jonathan C. Y. Tang, Samuel J. Oliver, Craig Sale, Rachel M. Izard, Neil P. Walsh, William D. Fraser, Julie P. Greeves
Summary: This study found that there are associations between serum vitamin D metabolites and physical performance. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is negatively correlated with 2.4-km run time and positively correlated with muscle power, while 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)(2)D) is positively correlated with run time and negatively correlated with strength and muscle power. 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)(2)D) is negatively correlated with run time. The vitamin D metabolites together explain a small portion of variance in physical performance. VDR SNPs are not associated with physical performance.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Valentina Gineviciene, Audrone Jakaitiene, Erinija Pranckeviciene, Kazys Milasius, Algirdas Utkus
Summary: This study discovered that genetic variants of the MSTN gene associated with endurance performance are more common among Lithuanian elite athletes, indicating a higher likelihood of the presence of MSTN deletion genotype in athletes focused on endurance performance.
Article
Sport Sciences
Samuel Chalmers, Jason Siegler, Ric Lovell, Grant Lynch, Warren Gregson, Paul Marshall, Ollie Jay
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2019)
Review
Sport Sciences
Emma Moore, Samuel Chalmers, Steve Milanese, Joel T. Fuller
Correction
Sport Sciences
Samuel Chalmers, Jason Siegler, Ric Lovell, Grant Lynch, Warren Gregson, Paul Marshall, Ollie Jay
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2019)
Article
Orthopedics
Joel T. Fuller, Matthew Lynagh, Brett Tarca, Andrew Zacharia, Alex Townsley, Cara Gleeson, Steven Milanese, Samuel Chalmers
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY
(2020)
Editorial Material
Sport Sciences
Samuel Chalmers, Amy E. Harwood, Nathan B. Morris, Ollie Jay
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2019)
Article
Sport Sciences
Stephen C. Jones, Joel T. Fuller, Samuel Chalmers, Thomas A. Debenedictis, Andrew Zacharia, Brett Tarca, Alex Townsley, Steve Milanese
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2020)
Article
Sport Sciences
Hunter Bennett, Joel Fuller, Steve Milanese, Stephen Jones, Emma Moore, Samuel Chalmers
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between movement quality and physical performance in elite adolescent Australian football players. The results showed that there were small associations between movement quality scores and measures of speed, power, agility, and aerobic fitness. Improvements in movement quality and physical performance were observed over consecutive seasons. However, there was a negative association between change in rotary stability and change in jump height from one season to the next.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Sport Sciences
Nicole Vargas, Samuel Chalmers, Ollie Jay
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Hunter Bennett, Samuel Chalmers, Steve Milanese, Joel Fuller
Summary: In elite adolescent Australian Football athletes, there is a relationship between modified Lower-Quarter Y-Balance Test and Upper-Quarter Balance Test scores and injury risk and measures of physical performance. However, only athletes with high posteromedial asymmetry have an increased injury risk when they also have good agility performance.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Samuel Chalmers, Gregory Shaw, Inigo Mujika, Ollie Jay
Summary: The existing policy for warm-water swim racing lacks a clear rationale and stratification of risk, calling for the development of modernized policies considering environmental factors and race distance. Further research is needed to evaluate thermal strain and performance during warm water competition and to develop effective cooling strategies. This could lead to the establishment of improved policies for athletes based on important environmental and race-specific factors.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Hunter Bennett, Samuel Chalmers, John Arnold, Steve Milanese, Chloe Blacket, Andrei Niculescu, Joel Fuller
Summary: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of preseason and between-seasons changes in individual physical performance on injury risk in elite junior Australian football players. The study also aimed to investigate if injuries sustained during a season have any effect on subsequent-season performance improvement. The results showed that faster players during preseason had a higher incidence of injury during the playing season. Additionally, players who sustained a lower-limb injury during their first season saw smaller improvements in sprint speed between seasons compared to players who did not get injured.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2022)
Review
Sport Sciences
Lachlan Darch, Samuel Chalmers, James Wiltshire, Ryan Causby, John Arnold
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore the effect of running-induced fatigue on impact loading during running. The findings suggest that leg stiffness and vertical stiffness decrease with fatigue, while peak tibial acceleration increases. However, there are conflicting results regarding the impact of fatigue on vertical GRF impact peak and peak braking force.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Lachlan Darch, Samuel Chalmers, Ryan Causby, John Arnold
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of fatigue on impact loading in runners and the role of muscle function in mediating changes in impact loading with fatigue. The results showed that peak axial tibial acceleration increased throughout a fixed-intensity run to exhaustion. However, the change in peak tibial acceleration was weakly and not significantly related to performance in lower limb muscle function tests.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Hunter Bennett, Samuel Chalmers, Joel Fuller
Summary: A prospective cohort study found that subsequent injury risk, severity, and location in junior Australian football are similar following concussion compared to non-concussion index injuries. However, contact injuries are less likely after a concussion than a non-concussion injury.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Emma Moore, Joel T. Fuller, Steve Milanese, Stephen C. Jones, Alex Townsley, Matthew Lynagh, Samuel Chalmers
Summary: This study aimed to determine if a revised lower Functional Movement Screen (FMS) composite score threshold is associated with a higher injury risk for junior athletes than the commonly used threshold of <= 14. The prospective cohort study tracked 809 elite junior male Australian football players for injuries and found that the relationship between injury risk and the FMS composite score threshold of <= 14 depended on the presence of a recent injury history. However, none of the three FMS score thresholds were clinically meaningful in predicting injury risk.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2023)