Review
Plant Sciences
Rafal M. Gutaker, Caspar C. C. Chater, Jemima Brinton, Elena Castillo-Lorenzo, Elinor Breman, Samuel Pironon
Summary: By domesticating edible wild plants and utilizing advances in genomics and gene editing technologies, we can increase the stability of our food systems against environmental variability and climate change. Neodomestication allows for the rapid generation of new crops by selecting candidates based on climatic parameters, thus increasing food security. Conservation and characterization of edible species play a key role in this process, and the utilization of genetic resources should be carried out ethically and with benefit-sharing in mind.
CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Nikolaos Tsakirpaloglou, Endang M. Septiningsih, Michael J. Thomson
Summary: With the advancement of plant genome editing techniques, this article provides step-by-step guidelines and best practices for researchers, especially beginners, to improve the success rate of crop genome editing. Key steps and factors are discussed, including target sequence analysis, sgRNA design, genotype sequencing, in vitro validation, construction preparation, protoplast editing, and mutation detection.
Review
Plant Sciences
Anurag Panchal, Roshan Kumar Singh, Manoj Prasad
Summary: Foxtail millet is an ancient domesticated crop known for its high seed production and ability to grow in unfavorable conditions. It has the potential to be a model system for studying plant tolerance to abiotic stress. With rich phenotypic variation and a large collection of germplasm, foxtail millet has been studied using integrative OMICS and NGS approaches to understand its molecular mechanisms. It can also be genetically engineered to introduce stress tolerance traits into popular crop plants. Overall, foxtail millet has the characteristics to serve as an excellent model plant for studying evolution, stress physiology, and biomass production.
PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Tian Wang, Chunjiao Zhang, Hongyan Zhang, Hongliang Zhu
Summary: Horticultural food crops are vital sources of nutrients for humans, and improving their nutritional content has become a new challenge with the growing global population. Gene editing systems, like CRISPR/Cas, have been instrumental in accelerating crop improvement by precisely modifying targeted genomes. The development and comparison of various gene editors, especially the newly emerging CRISPR/Cas systems, have shown promising applications in enhancing crop traits such as yield and nutritional quality.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mohamed Kouhen, Pedro Garcia-Caparros, Richard M. Twyman, Chedly Abdelly, Henda Mahmoudi, Stefan Schillberg, Ahmed Debez
Summary: Genome editing, especially the CRISPR/Cas9 system, has become an indispensable tool in basic and applied sciences. This paper discusses the recent advances in CRISPR/Cas9 and its applications in plant breeding, focusing on environmental stress tolerance and extremophile plants. The research provides insights into quantitative traits affecting crop yield and stress tolerance, and explores the potential of unexplored genetic resources in ensuring food security under climate change.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Ali Razzaq, Parwinder Kaur, Naheed Akhter, Shabir Hussain Wani, Fozia Saleem
Summary: Climate change poses a threat to global food security as crop productivity decreases worldwide. Utilizing modern breeding techniques, innovative agronomic practices, microbiome applications, and natural variations in underutilized crops can help meet future food demands. Advances in genomic-assisted breeding, CRISPR/Cas systems, high-throughput phenotyping, and multidisciplinary breeding platforms are essential for developing climate-resilient crops and enhancing global food security.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Caixia Gao
Summary: Genome editing has the potential to revolutionize plant breeding and address the challenge of feeding a growing population in the face of climate change. Newly developed techniques and strategies offer significant opportunities for plant improvement and crop production, but challenges must be overcome to realize the full potential of this technology.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qier Liu, Fan Yang, Jingjuan Zhang, Hang Liu, Shanjida Rahman, Shahidul Islam, Wujun Ma, Maoyun She
Summary: CRISPR/Cas9 technology, a new gene-editing system, has been successfully utilized for improving crop quality, accelerating crop breeding progress through precise editing of specific genes. The challenge in its future application includes how to better utilize this technology to enhance crop quality.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Horticulture
Harmeet Kaur, Devendra Kumar Pandey, Umesh Goutam, Vijay Kumar
Summary: Horticultural crops play a vital role in modern agriculture, and the use of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology has shown great potential in enhancing both the yield and quality of horticultural crops.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Meenakshi Rajput, Khushboo Choudhary, Manish Kumar, V. Vivekanand, Aakash Chawade, Rodomiro Ortiz, Nidhi Pareek
Summary: With the growth in population, the demand for food is increasing, leading to the development of innovative crop improvement approaches such as RNA interference (RNAi) and the CRISPR/Cas9 system. These technologies have shown promise in enhancing crop yields and increasing tolerance to environmental stress.
Review
Plant Sciences
Yingxin Guo, Guangdong Zhao, Xing Gao, Lin Zhang, Yanan Zhang, Xiaoming Cai, Xuejiao Yuan, Xingqi Guo
Summary: This review provides a direction for crop quality improvement and ideas for further research on the application of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology for crop improvement. It discusses the achievements of CRISPR/Cas9 gene technology in improving crop quality and the challenges and prospects of this technology.
Review
Plant Sciences
Lu Shi, Jing Su, Myeong-Je Cho, Hao Song, Xiaoou Dong, Ying Liang, Zhiyong Zhang
Summary: Gene expression plays a crucial role in crop plant regulation. Genome editing of plant promoters offers the potential to modify gene expression patterns and create favorable traits. This can be done by precise generation of nucleotide sequences or by generating random mutations in the promoter region to select elite alleles based on phenotypic effects.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Review
Horticulture
Melvin A. Daniel, Raveendar Sebastin, Ju-Kyung Yu, Maria Packiam Soosaimanickam, Jong Wook Chung
Summary: Genome editing is a powerful tool for precise genetic modifications in horticultural crops, with CRISPR-Cas9, TALENs, and ZFNs being the major editing tools discussed in this review. CRISPR-Cas9 has the potential to enhance disease resistance, stress tolerance, nutritional content, and yield in horticultural crops. TALENs and ZFNs offer alternative options for targeted DNA modifications and have shown success in specific applications. The review emphasizes the benefits of genome editing in horticulture, while acknowledging the challenges of off-target effects, delivery methods, and regulatory frameworks. This technology can contribute to sustainable advancements in horticulture, benefiting both producers and consumers worldwide.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vidya R. . Hinge, Rahul L. Chavhan, Sandeep P. Kale, Penna Suprasanna, Ulhas S. Kadam
Summary: Food security is threatened by various biotic stresses affecting the growth and production of agricultural crops, with viral diseases causing significant yield losses. Enhancing host resistance against plant viruses is crucial, but evolving plant viruses challenge existing resistance mechanisms. CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing shows promise in developing plant virus resistance through gene targeting and altering plant genomes, offering high target specificity, simplicity, efficiency, and reproducibility.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fazal Rehman, Haiguang Gong, Yufei Bao, Shaohua Zeng, Hongwen Huang, Ying Wang
Summary: This article provides an overview of the application and impact of CRISPR technology in Solanaceae crops. By discussing domestication traits and describing molecular mechanisms, it reveals the great potential of CRISPR gene editing in breeding Solanaceae crops. Additionally, it raises questions about the future prospects and regulatory risks of CRISPR technology in breeding minor Solanaceae crops with significant industrial value.
PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Kumari Sita, Akanksha Sehgal, Anjali Bhardwaj, Kalpna Bhandari, Uday Jha, P. V. Vara Prasad, Sarvjeet Singh, Shiv Kumar, Kadambot H. M. Siddique, Harsh Nayyar
Summary: This study found that supplementing lentil plants with selenium can significantly improve their performance, increasing leaf selenium concentration, pod number, and seed yield when facing combined heat and drought stress.
Article
Plant Sciences
Savita Bhardwaj, Tunisha Verma, Ali Raza, Dhriti Kapoor
Summary: The present study aimed to investigate the individual and combined effects of exogenous silicon (Si) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on plant growth, metabolites, and antioxidant defense systems of radish plants under different concentrations of arsenic (As) stress. The results showed that the application of Si and SNP significantly improved the growth, increased metabolites content, and enhanced the activity of antioxidative enzymes in radish plants under As stress. Therefore, Si and SNP have a synergistic effect in mitigating As-mediated oxidative stress in radish plants.
PHYTON-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Shabana Ehsan, Muhammad Amjad Qureshi, Muhammad Asif Ali, Muhammad Bilal Hafeez, Nauman Ali, Noreen Zahra, Ali Raza
Summary: By generating auxin and cytokinin in the rhizosphere and inoculating with rhizobium, mungbean production and quality can be improved. The study showed that bacterial inoculation and precursor-inoculum interaction increased mung bean grain yield by 12% and 34% respectively. Additionally, the use of physiological precursors significantly increased plant height, number of nodules, biomass yield, and protein content.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yasir Sharif, Gandeka Mamadou, Qiang Yang, Tiecheng Cai, Yuhui Zhuang, Kun Chen, Ye Deng, Shahid Ali Khan, Niaz Ali, Chong Zhang, Ali Raza, Hua Chen, Rajeev K. Varshney, Weijian Zhuang
Summary: Peanut is an important food and feed crop that is affected by various stresses, and APYs play a crucial role in regulating cellular ATP levels under stress. In this study, we identified and characterized 17 APY homologs in peanut and studied their expression patterns and functional roles in different tissues and stress conditions. We found that the AhAPY2-1 gene showed abundant expression in the pericarp, and the functional characterization of AhAPY2-1 promoter in transgenic Arabidopsis plants suggested its potential use in enhancing the defensive abilities of the pericarp. These findings highlight the importance of APYs as a future research subject for peanut and other crops.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dan Luo, Ali Raza, Yong Cheng, Xiling Zou, Yan Lv
Summary: In this study, it was found that the transcript level of BnaMYBL17 was induced by cold stress in rapeseed. Functional analysis revealed that overexpression of BnaMYBL17 increased sensitivity to freezing stress. Transcriptionomic analysis identified 14,298 differentially expressed genes and 1321 candidate target genes related to freezing response. Verification experiments confirmed that BnaMYBL17 affects the promoter of BnaPLC1, BnaFLZ8, and BnaKOIN genes. Overall, BnaMYBL17 acts as a transcriptional repressor in regulating certain genes related to growth and development during freezing stress, providing valuable targets for molecular breeding to enhance freezing tolerance in rapeseed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Agronomy
Arooj Tariq, Muntazir Mushtaq, Huwaida Yaqoob, Basharat Ahmad Bhat, Sajad Majeed Zargar, Ali Raza, Sajad Ali, Sidra Charagh, Muhammad Salman Mubarik, Qamar U. Zaman, P. V. Vara Prasad, Rakeeb Ahmad Mir
Summary: Feeding the increasing global population in the face of rapidly changing climate is a daunting challenge for the scientific community. However, the development of genome editing technologies, particularly the CRISPR/Cas system, has revolutionized crop improvement and molecular breeding. This versatile toolbox has been utilized for genomic modifications, gene regulation, mutagenesis, and enhancing crop breeding, ultimately contributing to food and nutritional security.
GM CROPS & FOOD-BIOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE AND THE FOOD CHAIN
(2023)
Editorial Material
Agronomy
Ali Raza, Daojie Wang, Xiling Zou, Channapatna S. Prakash
Article
Agronomy
Sophoanrith Ro, Siranet Roeurn, Chav Sroy, P. V. Vara Prasad
Summary: This research aimed to evaluate the growth and yield of maize and mungbean crops and land-equivalent ratio of maize-mungbean intercropping system using different seed rates of mungbean. The results showed that there was no significant difference in agronomic traits and yield of maize under either maize-mungbean intercropping or maize monocropping irrespective of different mungbean seed rates. The presence of mungbean in the intercropping suppressed weed growth significantly and the trend of weed biomass decreased with increasing mungbean seed rates.
Article
Agronomy
Mehmood Ejaz, Muhammad Amir Bakhtavar, Shahid Iqbal, Mahmood Alam Khan, Raheela Jabeen, Nazish Jabeen, Ali Raza
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of potassium application on plant growth, physiology, water relations, and seed quality of quinoa. The results showed that the application of potassium at a rate of 125 kg ha-1 significantly improved the growth, water use efficiency, and seed quality of quinoa in both normal and salt-affected soils.
Review
Agronomy
Tobi Moriaque Akplo, Aliou Faye, Augustine Obour, Zachary P. Stewart, Doohong Min, P. V. Vara Prasad
Summary: Addressing food and nutrition insecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa requires innovative agriculture production systems. Recent developments in dual-purpose varieties of cowpea, pearl millet, and sorghum have aimed to meet both human nutrition and livestock feed needs. These varieties have shown higher grain and fodder yields compared to traditional varieties, improving fertilizer use efficiency, profitability, and environmental sustainability.
FOOD AND ENERGY SECURITY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Amit Kumar Singh, Jai Bahadur Singh, Ramesh Singh, Sita Ram Kantwa, Prakash Kumar Jha, Safik Ahamad, Anand Singh, Avijit Ghosh, Mahendra Prasad, Shikha Singh, Surendra Singh, P. V. Vara Prasad
Summary: An integrated forage-legume cropping system has the potential to address land degradability. This study assessed the performance of mixed cropping systems versus monocultures and found that the legume intensification significantly improved soil health and productivity in semi-arid regions.
Article
Agronomy
Dhriti Sharma, Savita Bhardwaj, Ali Raza, Rattandeep Singh, Dhriti Kapoor, Neeta Raj Sharma, P. V. Vara Prasad
Summary: The effects of exogenously supplemented silicon and 24-epibrassinolide on the growth and antioxidant defense mechanisms of Trigonella foenum-graecum plants under lead stress were investigated. The results showed that the combined application of silicon and 24-epibrassinolide significantly alleviated the oxidative stress caused by lead toxicity in fenugreek plants.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tunisha Verma, Savita Bhardwaj, Ali Raza, Ivica Djalovic, P. V. Vara Prasad, Dhriti Kapoor
Summary: This study aimed to alleviate the negative effects of salt stress on Indian mustard. The application of triacontanol (TRIA) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was found to improve growth attributes and the antioxidant defense system in B. juncea under salt stress. Additionally, salt stress resulted in decreased levels of proteins, metabolites, and antioxidant enzymes, but these levels were significantly increased with the application of TRIA and H2S.
PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abida Kausar, Noreen Zahra, Hina Zahra, Muhammad Bilal Hafeez, Sara Zafer, Abida Shahzadi, Ali Raza, Ivica Djalovic, P. V. Vara Prasad
Summary: This study examines the protective effect of foliar application of thiamine on two varieties of pea plants under drought stress. Results show that thiamine can help plants withstand drought stress and improve their growth and antioxidant capacity. One of the pea varieties performs better than the other.
PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jean-Claude Bizimana, Belainew B. Yalew, Tewodros T. Assefa, Sisay A. Belay, Yonas M. Degu, Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi, Manuel R. Reyes, P. V. Vara Prasad, Seifu A. Tilahun
Summary: This study evaluates the economic and nutritional feasibility of solar-powered irrigation using the MajiPump in sub-humid Ethiopian highlands. The results show that farmers who adopt this technology can increase their income and improve their nutrition. However, financial support is needed for initial investment. The traditional pulley system, although providing the same amount of irrigation water, is less feasible due to high labor costs.