Article
Plant Sciences
Ming Pei You, Phillip G. H. Nichols, Roseline Katusiime, Martin J. Barbetti
Summary: Glasshouse and field investigations were conducted on the phenotypic expressions of resistance of a 97-member World Core Collection of subterranean clover against key pathogens. The study identified genotypes with novel disease resistance, offering potential for improved breeding programs. The findings provide crucial information for selecting genotypes with multiple resistance to co-occurring diseases, offering hope for a more productive subterranean clover feedbase.
Article
Agronomy
Jing Guo, Carmen S. P. Teixeira, James Barringer, John G. Hampton, Derrick J. Moot
Summary: This study derived coefficients describing the phenological development of subterranean clover and combined them with historical climate data to estimate the timing of key stages in its life cycle in different locations in New Zealand. The findings can be used for strategic management of weed control, grazing times, and seed set closing dates, in order to increase the persistence of subterranean clover in pasture swards.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ahmed Abdelkhalek, Yara Yassin, Ahmed Abdel-Megeed, Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam, Hassan Moawad, Said I. Behiry
Summary: This study used a nitrogen-fixing bacteria strain to synthesize silver nanoparticles for controlling bean yellow mosaic virus in faba bean plants. The AgNPs induced plant resistance, reduced disease severity and virus concentration levels, and enhanced plant health by raising photosynthetic rates and increasing plant weight. The AgNPs also inhibited the development of the virus and decreased oxidative stress markers in the plants.
Article
Plant Sciences
Alvaro Soler-Garzon, Atena Oladzad, James Beaver, Stephen Beebe, Rian Lee, Juan David Lobaton, Eliana Macea, Phillip McClean, Bodo Raatz, Juan Carlos Rosas, Qijian Song, Phillip N. Miklas
Summary: Genetic mapping and genome-wide analysis identified the bgm-1 gene and three QTL for resistance, with a mutation in a specific gene found to correspond with the recessive bgm-1 allele. A new marker (PvNAC1) was developed to track the bgm-1 gene, and interactions between BGY8.1, BGY4.1, and BGY7.1 with bgm-1 were observed, enhancing resistance levels. Efforts to validate the effectiveness of markers for MAS of the QTL are ongoing.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qiaoling Yu, Qian Han, Shunqin Shi, Xiaofang Sun, Xiaochen Wang, Sijie Wang, Jiawei Yang, Wanghong Su, Zhibiao Nan, Huan Li
Summary: Climate warming may increase the threat of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) to the environment and human health. Gradually elevated water temperature was found to reduce ARG diversity but increase ARG abundance in the Yellow River. Certain high-risk ARGs significantly increased with elevated water temperature, implying an increased antibiotic resistance risk under climate warming. Our study provides a novel approach to predict and control ARGs in water environments under climate warming.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Versha Rohilla, Rajesh Kumar Yadav, Atman Poonia, Ravika Sheoran, Gita Kumari, P. S. Shanmugavadivel, Aditya Pratap
Summary: This study evaluates the genetic diversity among mung bean genotypes and identifies genomic regions associated with yield attributing traits and yellow mosaic disease resistance through association mapping. Population genetic structure analysis, genetic diversity analysis, and estimation of average linkage disequilibrium indicate significant genetic variation and markers associated with yield-related traits and disease resistance. The findings provide valuable information for mung bean improvement and breeding programs.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Victor Fernandez-Garcia, Esteban Alonso-Gonzalez
Summary: Despite the widespread belief that global burned area and severity are increasing due to climate change, our study found a decrease in global burned area and an increase in the fraction of burned area affected by high severity. African grasslands and savannas were the most fire-prone biomes, while taiga and tundra had the highest burn severity. Although climate plays a role in the spatial patterns of burned area and severity, our study did not find climate warming to be the primary driver of current shifts in fire regimes at the global scale.
Article
Horticulture
Michael D. Thomas, Scott A. Heckathorn, Jennifer K. Boldt
Summary: We previously demonstrated that chronic warming and elevated CO2 concentrations cause hyponastic leaf and petiole bending in tomato plants. In this study, we further investigated the mechanism for this phenomenon across different temperatures and CO2 levels, as well as at various stages of plant growth. The results indicate that eCO2 affects the well-known thermal hyponastic response of leaves, which has implications for future plant responses to climate change.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fubo Zhao, Shuai Ma, Yiping Wu
Summary: Global warming is expected to change precipitation and evapotranspiration patterns, affecting surface water availability. In the Yellow River Basin, a study found that dry-season water availability decreased from 1982-2016, driven mainly by changes in climate and vegetation. Future water resources management in the region should consider seasonal water fluxes and the impacts of climate and vegetation changes.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lucy R. Stewart, Kristen Willie
Summary: The maize-infecting polerovirus MaYMV was found to enhance stunting and suppress titers of other viruses in mixed infections, potentially impacting the development of maize lethal necrosis (MLN).
Article
Plant Sciences
Ahmed Abdelkhalek, Hamada El-Gendi, Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar, Viviana Maresca, Hassan Moawad, Mohsen M. Elsharkawy, Hosny A. Younes, Said I. Behiry
Summary: Rhizobium leguminosarum, a nitrogen-fixing rhizobacterium isolated from faba bean root nodules, has been found to exhibit resistance against Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) and enhance plant growth in faba bean plants.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Linghua Qiu, Linfeng Fan, Liqun Sun, Zhenzhong Zeng, Lian Feng, Chao Yue, Chunmiao Zheng
Summary: As the climate warms, wildfires are becoming more severe. This study examines the impact of burn severity on vegetation and carbon recovery following wildfires in California. The results show that more severe burns cause greater damage and carbon releases, but also facilitate faster recovery. However, high-severity burns still pose a threat to California's carbon sink and worsen climate warming.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Aarti Kumari, Susheel Kumar, Puneet Singh Chauhan, S. K. Raj
Summary: The mixed infection of canna yellow mottle virus (CaYMV), bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV), and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in canna plants was studied. The development of virus-free plants was attempted through callogenesis and organogenesis using different growth regulators. The optimization of mediums and treatments resulted in successful elimination of the viral infections and the production of virus-free plants.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ran Meng, Renjie Gao, Feng Zhao, Chengquan Huang, Rui Sun, Zhengang Lv, Zehua Huang
Summary: The northward expansion of Southern Pine Beetle (SPB) outbreaks associated with warmer winters has caused significant tree mortality in temperate pine forests. Early warning and detection of SPB-induced tree mortality is crucial for forest management. This study explores the use of remote sensing technologies and spectral indices to analyze the spatial-temporal patterns of SPB infestation severity, and identifies important environmental drivers for SPB outbreaks. The study highlights the potential of moderate resolution satellite multispectral imagery for early warning and detection of SPB-induced tree mortality.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Aline Taiane de Freitas-Vanzo, Camila de Cassia da Silva, Tanara Garcia de Novaes, Daniel Mazzieri Walz, Francismar Correa Marcelino Guimaraes, Marcia Kamogae Kuwahara, Rubia de Oliveira Molina, Rui Pereira Leite Junior
Summary: The study evaluated seven bean cultivars and the legume calopo for the severity of golden mosaic symptoms and BGMV titre, finding that calopo showed high resistance while bean cultivars exhibited differences in symptom expression.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Muhammad Azam Khan, Wallace Cowling, Surinder Singh Banga, Ming Pei You, Vikrant Tyagi, Baudh Bharti, Martin J. Barbetti
Summary: This study investigates the inheritance pattern of resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot in canola/rapeseed and its genetic relationships with other traits. The results show that the inheritance of resistance varies among different populations and also changes across different growth stages. The study also highlights the importance of complex epistasis or dominance effects in controlling resistance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ming Pei You, Beyene Bitew Eshete, Seid Ahmed Kemal, Martin J. Barbetti
Summary: Recent studies have confirmed Physoderma viciae as the causative agent of Faba Bean Gall disease on faba bean in Ethiopia, and its ability to infect other host genera. Specific primers were developed to detect P. viciae and differentiate it from other common pathogens. The study also found the presence of symptomless Ascochyta blight pathogen complex in faba bean infected with P. viciae.
Article
Agronomy
Mahtab Omidvari, Gavin R. Flematti, Ming Pei You, Payman Abbaszadeh-Dahaji, Martin J. Barbetti
Summary: This study evaluated the relationship between disease development caused by P. medicaginis and production of detrimental phytoestrogens in Medicago spp. The results showed a positive correlation between the production of phytoestrogens and the incidence and severity of the disease. Based on these findings, it is possible to develop less disease-susceptible Medicago cultivars that produce fewer detrimental phytoestrogens, reducing yield loss and phytoestrogen production.
Article
Plant Sciences
Hebba F. D. Al-lami, Ming Pei You, Surinder S. Banga, Martin J. Barbetti
Summary: Alternaria brassicae can cause devastating disease in canola and mustard, but effective resistances are currently lacking. Screening of 150 diverse Brassicaceae varieties identified important novel resistances, including complete resistance in Camelina sativa '4076' and Diplotaxis erucoides 'Wasabi Rocket'. Other resistant varieties were also identified, such as Camelina sativa 'CSA', '4144', '405', and '3274'. These findings provide valuable resources for breeding programs to develop resistant commercial varieties and highlight the need to avoid highly susceptible varieties in both breeding and commercial settings.
Article
Agronomy
Roger A. C. Jones, Ines Vazquez-Iglesias, Mohammad Hajizadeh, Samuel McGreig, Adrian Fox, Adrian J. Gibbs
Summary: This study analyzed the sequences of Wheat streak mosaic tritimovirus (WSMV) isolates from Australia and found a close correlation between the CP and CO sequences. The phylogenetic analysis revealed four well-supported phylogroups and the presence of a subcluster formed by Australian and South American sequences. The North American and Australian populations showed recent population imbalance compared to other regions. The research also shed light on the origin and spread of WSMV and highlighted the potential biosecurity concerns posed by the future spread of additional WSMV phylogroups and interphylogroup recombinants.
Article
Plant Sciences
Adrian Fox, Adrian J. Gibbs, Aimee R. Fowkes, Hollie Pufal, Sam McGreig, Roger A. C. Jones, Neil Boonham, Ian P. Adams
Summary: The Apiaceae family is an important group of herbaceous plants that includes crops, herbs, and weeds. This study analyzed 10 preserved historical or recent virus samples from apiaceous plants collected in the UK and Australia. The researchers obtained new genomic sequences and found distinct lineages within the apiaceous potyviruses. They also discovered new records of viruses in coriander, carrots, and parsley. These findings provide insights into the evolution and diversity of apiaceous plant viruses.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abhay K. Pandey, Martin J. Barbetti, Jay Ram Lamichhane
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Roger A. C. Jones, Ines Vazquez-Iglesias, Sam McGreig, Adrian Fox, Adrian J. Gibbs
Summary: High Plains wheat mosaic virus (HPWMoV) is a serious disease affecting wheat in major wheat-growing regions worldwide. This study reports the complete or partial genomic sequences of five HPWMoV isolates from Australian wheat samples. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of two lineages, L1 and L2, with L1 containing isolates from the North American Great Plains Region and L2 consisting of isolates from Australia and the Great Plains Region. Recombination in the nucleocapsid gene was unexpectedly observed in a quarter of the L2B isolates. The study also identified similarities between HPWMoV and other emaraviruses in certain genomic segments.
Article
Agronomy
Mahtab Omidvari, Gavin R. Flematti, Ming Pei You, Payman Abbaszadeh-Dahaji, Martin J. Barbetti
Summary: The study investigates the effects of plant developmental stage, cultivar, and inoculum concentration on the development of Phoma black stem and leaf spot disease and coumestrol production in annual Medicago spp. The results show that disease incidence and severity, as well as coumestrol production, are influenced by plant developmental stage, cultivar, and inoculum level. This study highlights the importance of timely grazing of Medicago stands with lower disease and phytoestrogen levels and the need for increased vigilance at later growth stages to mitigate the risk for grazing animals.
Article
Virology
Serife Topkaya, Ali Celik, Adyatma Irawan Santosa, Roger A. C. Jones
Summary: In 2020, 264 potato field samples were collected from Bolu, Afyon, Kayseri, and Nigde provinces in Turkey. Potato virus S (PVS) was detected in 35 samples using RT-PCR tests. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the PVS isolates in Turkey belonged to three phylogroups (PVSI, PVSII, and PVSIII), with considerable genetic variation within PVSI and PVSII. PVSII, which spreads easily and causes more severe symptoms, poses a biosecurity threat to countries without it.
Review
Plant Sciences
Abhay K. Pandey, Abhishek Kumar, Emmanuel K. Mbeyagala, Martin J. Barbetti, Ashwani Basandrai, Daisy Basandrai, Ramakrishnan M. Nair, Jay Ram Lamichhane
Summary: Anthracnose, a destructive disease caused by Colletotrichum spp., infects legumes and other crops worldwide. The current approaches for managing anthracnose are cultural practices and synthetic fungicides, along with the development of resistant breeding lines and cultivars. Molecular approaches have also been utilized to understand the pathogenesis and defense mechanisms involved, offering novel insights for disease management strategies.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN PLANT SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Muhammad Azam Khan, Wallace A. Cowling, Surinder Singh Banga, Martin J. Barbetti, Aldrin Y. Cantila, Junrey C. Amas, William J. W. Thomas, Ming Pei You, Vikrant Tyagi, Baudh Bharti, David Edwards, Jacqueline Batley
Summary: Identifying the molecular and genetic basis of resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot is crucial for the management of this disease in rapeseed/canola. The study investigated the inheritance pattern of Sclerotinia stem rot resistance in a breeding population of B. napus and identified a significant QTL for resistance. The findings provide valuable insights into the genetics of resistance and offer potential markers for breeding cultivars with enhanced resistance.
Article
Plant Sciences
John Fosu-Nyarko, Ian P. Adams, Michael G. K. Jones, Adrian Fox, Roger A. C. Jones
Summary: This study compared the complete genomic sequences of five historical Western Australian isolates of subterranean clover mottle virus (SCMoV) from 1989-2000, as well as an infectious clone of its 1989 isolate. Sanger Sequencing (SS) and High Throughput Sequencing (HTS) were used to obtain these genomes. The results showed that the sequences obtained from four isolates differed by only 18-59 nucleotides, which could be attributed to different sequencing methods, the time each isolate was host passaged, or a combination of both factors. Additionally, the study revealed that the ORF1 gene region was the most variable, and the phylogenetic tree constructed with ORF1 sequences showed grouping of isolates based on the severity of symptoms in subterranean clover, indicating a possible role of the ORF1-encoded P1 protein in symptom determination. Furthermore, the presence of a satellite RNA was found in all SCMoV genomes obtained by HTS but not in those derived by SS.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Mahtab Omidvari, Gavin R. Flematti, Ming Pei You, Payman Abbaszadeh-Dahaji, Martin J. Barbetti
Summary: This study investigated the impact of sequential infections by Phoma medicaginis on phytoestrogen production in annual medics, and measured the genetic diversity of isolates.
CROP & PASTURE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Mycology
Brenda D. Wingfield, Lieschen De Vos, Andi M. Wilson, Tuan A. Duong, Niloofar Vaghefi, Angela Botes, Ravindra Nath Kharwar, Ramesh Chand, Barsha Poudel, Habibu Aliyu, Martin J. Barbetti, ShuaiFei Chen, Pieter de Maayer, FeiFei Liu, Sudhir Navathe, Shagun Sinha, Emma T. Steenkamp, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Kalonji A. Tshisekedi, Magriet A. van der Nest, Michael J. Wingfield