Journal
NATURE MATERIALS
Volume 21, Issue 12, Pages 1379-+Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01398-9
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Funding
- Army Research Office (ARO) [W911NF1920338]
- National Science Foundation (NSF) through CAREER Award [ECCS-2042154]
- NSF through the Pennsylvania State University 2D Crystal Consortium-Materials Innovation Platform [2DCCMIP]
- NSF [DMR-1539916]
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA-9550-18-1-0347]
- NSF CAREER [DMR-1654107]
- Department of Defense, Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) as part of the Interaction Ionizing Radiation with Matter University Research Alliance (IIRM-URA) [HDTRA1-20-2-0002]
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The authors report a small-footprint APS matrix based on monolayer MoS2 phototransistors arrays exhibiting spectral uniformity, reconfigurable photoresponsivity and de-noising capabilities at low energy consumption. This technology utilizes gate-tunable persistent photoconductivity to achieve high responsivity.
Low-power and compact active pixel sensor (APS) matrices are desired for resource-limited edge devices. Here, the authors report a small-footprint APS matrix based on monolayer MoS2 phototransistors arrays exhibiting spectral uniformity, reconfigurable photoresponsivity and de-noising capabilities at low energy consumption. In-sensor processing, which can reduce the energy and hardware burden for many machine vision applications, is currently lacking in state-of-the-art active pixel sensor (APS) technology. Photosensitive and semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) materials can bridge this technology gap by integrating image capture (sense) and image processing (compute) capabilities in a single device. Here, we introduce a 2D APS technology based on a monolayer MoS2 phototransistor array, where each pixel uses a single programmable phototransistor, leading to a substantial reduction in footprint (900 pixels in similar to 0.09 cm(2)) and energy consumption (100s of fJ per pixel). By exploiting gate-tunable persistent photoconductivity, we achieve a responsivity of similar to 3.6 x 10(7) A W-1, specific detectivity of similar to 5.6 x 10(13) Jones, spectral uniformity, a high dynamic range of similar to 80 dB and in-sensor de-noising capabilities. Further, we demonstrate near-ideal yield and uniformity in photoresponse across the 2D APS array.
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