Article
Agricultural Engineering
Charles B. Felix, Wei-Hsin Chen, Jo-Shu Chang, Young -Kwon Park, Samrand Saeidi, Gopalakrishnan Kumar
Summary: Oxidative torrefaction is recommended for improving the fuel properties of microalgae as solid biofuels. Temperature, time, and O2 concentration have significant effects on various parameters such as solid yield, energy yield, and higher heating value. The optimal conditions for this process are 200°C, 10.6 min, and 12% O2, resulting in an energy yield of 98.73% and an enhancement factor of 1.08. Furthermore, it shows higher reactivity under an air environment compared to inert torrefaction conditions.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Derya Kaya Ozdemir
Summary: Different types of additives are used to modify asphalt pavement, with composite modification being necessary in some cases. Glass fibre and nano clay were used in this study, with their optimal amounts determined using response surface methodology (RSM). Central composite design (CCD) was used to determine the optimum amounts of the independent variables (nano clay, glass fibre, bitumen content), based on evaluating the dependent variables. The results showed that CCD can be used to obtain design optimization of asphalt modification, supporting human safety and environment-friendly practices.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAVEMENT ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
S. M. Zakir Hossain, N. Sultana, M. M. Hossain, S. A. Razzak
Summary: This study investigated the effects of light-dark cycles and NaNO3 dose on Chlorella kessleri microalgal-specific growth rate, biomass productivity, and intracellular lipid productivity. The results of single-objective and multi-response optimization showed the maximum achievable values and the optimal culture conditions for the production of lipid from microalgae. The use of central composite design with desirability function was proven to be useful in designing and operating photobioreactors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Na Ying, Sisi Liu, Mengmeng Zhang, Jing Cheng, Linghuan Luo, Jiayi Jiang, Gaofan Shi, Shu Wu, Jun Ji, Haoyuan Su, Hongzhi Pan, Dongdong Zeng
Summary: Paclitaxel, an effective chemotherapeutic drug, has curative effects on a broad range of cancers. However, its clinical application is limited due to toxicity and solubility issues. Recent advances in developing novel paclitaxel-loaded nano delivery systems show great potential in improving its efficacy by enhancing solubility and reducing side effects.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Stanferd Jenta Sanada, Mohamad Nur Hidayat Mat, Wong Ken Yinn, Siti Najiah Rosminahar
Summary: This study employs ANSYS Fluent 2022 R1 to visualize the airborne transmission of pathogens in indoor spaces under different environmental conditions. Five indoor parameters are studied, including wind velocity, air temperature, relative humidity, particle residence time, and physical distancing. Simulation-based experiments reveal the optimum indoor condition for reducing human-to-human airborne transmission. Higher relative humidity results in larger particle diameter, while lower humidity leads to particle shrinkage. Furthermore, longer distances between individuals result in lower particle deposition and prolonged exposure risk. This research is significant for enhancing safety and health judgement during a pandemic by identifying the optimal indoor conditions to minimize airborne transmission between individuals.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ailton Guilherme Rissoni Toledo, Samir Prioto Tayar, Fabiana Antonia Arena, Assis Vicente Benedetti, Denise Bevilaqua
Summary: A response surface capable of high statistical confidence in describing copper extraction was obtained using a central composite factorial design. The study showed that the leaching of chalcopyrite is strongly influenced by the solution potential, and optimal conditions for maximizing copper extraction were identified.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ishaq Kariim, Yusuf Olatunji Waidi, Hulda Swai, Thomas Kivevele
Summary: Global issues such as instability, pump-price increase, inflation, and depletion of fossil fuel resources highlight the importance of addressing the continuous release of greenhouse gases from fossil fuels combustion. To enhance the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of biomass feedstocks, a novel catalyst, iron supported carbon nanospheres (Fe/CNSs), was developed and its catalytic potency was optimized using a central composite design. The Fe/CNSs catalyst demonstrated improved performance, with the optimum biocrude yield of 71.09 wt% achieved at 430 degrees C and 3 wt% catalyst loading. The selectivity towards phenolics and aromatic compounds in the biocrude suggests the potential for further upgrading into transportation fuel through hydrodeoxygenation.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Irfan Basturk, Gamze Varank, Selda Murat Hocaoglu, Senem Yazici Guvenc
Summary: The study investigated the removal of toxicity and increasing BOD5/COD ratio of medical laboratory wastewaters through the electro-Fenton process. Optimal conditions were determined for COD, BOD(5), and toxicity removal, achieving high removal rates under statistically optimized conditions. The study concluded that the electro-Fenton process is an effective treatment option for medical laboratory wastewater.
WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mohammed Karama Alsebaeai, Abdul Latif Ahmad, Boon Seng Ooi
Summary: This study investigates the effects of polymer concentration, nano-fumed silica particle loading, coagulation bath temperature, and air gap distance on the desalination performance of mixed-matrix hollow-fiber membranes. The optimal conditions result in higher pure water and permeate fluxes, as well as higher salt rejection.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tedjani Mohammed Laid, Khelef Abdelhamid, Laouini Salah Eddine, Bouafia Abderrhmane
Summary: In this study, Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were synthesized using a cost-effective and eco-friendly method, and the combined effect of different synthesis parameters on crystallite size was investigated. The experimental results showed a significant impact of the parameters and their interactions on crystallite size, leading to an optimal crystallite size under specific conditions. The biosynthesized IONPs were confirmed to have a rhombohedral structure and the promising performance of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in optimizing the biosynthesis conditions was demonstrated.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ajay Sharma, Bikash Mohanty
Summary: The study focused on the pyrolysis of Dalbergia sissoo wood to achieve a maximum yield of bio-oil, with optimum conditions identified as particle size 0.6 mm, reaction temperature 833 K, and nitrogen gas flow rate 125 ml/min. Physicochemical properties and composition of bio-oil were analyzed using various spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques, confirming the presence of high value-added compounds.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuanyuan Shi, Chaopeng Li, Yizhe Huang
Summary: This study aims to suppress the resonance of a controllable mechanism welding robot end through dynamic modeling and experimental verification. A central composite design methodology is applied to optimize the suppression resonance using three variables: excitation source, rod stiffness, and damping. By considering the coupling effects and conducting combination optimization, the optimal control result of the end is obtained, leading to a significant reduction in peak amplitudes. The research provides an important technical basis for the dynamic design and resonance suppression control of controllable welding robot mechanisms.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shaghayegh Sheikhzadeh, Mohammad Alizadeh Khaledabad, Hadi Almasi
Summary: This study aimed to fabricate and optimize polycaprolactone/xanthan electrospun nanofibers using design of experiment. A central composite design was constructed to investigate the effects of blend ratio, voltage, flow rate, and spinning distance on the fiber diameter, standard deviation, and contact angle. The results showed that the blend ratio was critical for obtaining desired nanofiber properties, while voltage, flow rate, and spinning distance also had significant effects. The model demonstrated the potential for producing fine, uniform nanofibers with moderate wettability, suitable for food and biological applications.
JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Edilayane da Nobrega Santos, Deocleciano Cassiano de Santana Neto, Angela Maria Tribuzy de Magalhaes Cordeiro, Bruno Raniere Lins de Albuquerque Meireles, Valquiria Cardoso da Silva Ferreira, Fabio Anderson Pereira da Silva
Summary: This study aimed to optimize the extraction conditions of antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds from acerola residue and evaluate their bioactivity. The optimized extract showed high content of total phenolic compounds, strong antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial action, making it a promising alternative in the food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xueda Wei, Xiaolei Qiao, Tielin Chen
Summary: Grouting is an effective measure for metro tunnel rehabilitation during operation, and a design framework based on improved central composite design and multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. The framework utilizes stepwise regression method for indicators modeling and MOPSO for multi-objective optimization. The results demonstrate the practicality and usefulness of the design framework for engineers in grout design.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Nazrul Haq, Faiyaz Shakeel, Mohammed M. Ghoneim, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq, Prawez Alam, Saleh A. Alanazi, Sultan Alshehri
Summary: A greener high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to determine the content of curcumin in nanoemulsion, Curcuma longa extract, and commercial tablets. The method showed high sensitivity and outstanding greenness profile.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Aminur Rahman, Kazuhiro Yoshida, Mohammed Monirul Islam, Genta Kobayashi
Summary: In this study, orange peel cellulose (OPC) beads were used as adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater. The adsorbent surface was analyzed using FT-IR and SEM-EDS. The concentrations of metals before and after adsorption were measured using ICP-MS. The maximum removal efficiency of metal ions occurred at pHs 4-8, and the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models confirmed the statistical significance of the adsorption processes.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Adeola Akeem Akinpelu, Mazen K. Nazal, Md Shafiullah, Md Kamrul Islam, Mohammed Monirul Islam, Aminur Rahman, Syed Masiur Rahman, Muhammad Muhitur Rahman
Summary: It is challenging to evaluate the interactions between physico-chemical variables that contribute to the removal of contaminants using conventional one-variable-at-a-time (OVAT) batch experiments. In this study, chemometric prediction approaches were used to develop artificial neural network (ANN) and stepwise regression (SR) models for multivariate calibration and analysis. After comparing the models' performance, ANN was found to be the superior model. The developed ANN model accurately forecasted the removal of lindane, reducing the cost of removing impurities and optimizing chemical utilization.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mohd. Imran, Abida, Nawaf M. Alotaibi, Hamdy K. Thabet, Jamal A. Alruwaili, Syed M. B. Asdaq, Lina Eltaib, Ahmed Alshehri, Ahad A. Alsaiari, Mazen Almehmadi, Amal B. Hommod Alshammari, Abdulmajeed M. Alshammari
Summary: This article discusses the innovative drug target QcrB and its inhibitors for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DRTB), which may become future treatments for tuberculosis. Some QcrB inhibitors have shown promising results in clinical trials. Developing safe and effective QcrB inhibitors still faces challenges, but QcrB is a promising drug target for treating active, latent, and drug-resistant TB.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mohd. Imran, Abida, Nawaf M. Alotaibi, Hamdy Khamees Thabet, Jamal Alhameedi Alruwaili, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq, Lina Eltaib, Mehnaz Kamal, Amal Bader Hommod Alshammari, Abdulmajeed Mohammed Abdullah Alshammari, Ahmed Alshehri
Summary: In this study, a drug repurposing approach was employed to discover potential DprE1 inhibitors by conducting structure-based virtual screening of the FDA and world-approved drugs database. Through molecular docking, MMGBSA energy estimation, and ADMET prediction, three hit molecules with good binding interactions were identified. Molecular dynamics simulation revealed one of the hit molecules to be stable and possessing a known safety profile, suggesting its potential as a candidate for further optimization and development of new DprE1 inhibitors.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Tapan Behl, Rashita Makkar, Md. Khalid Anwer, Rym Hassani, Gulrana Khuwaja, Asaad Khalid, Syam Mohan, Hassan A. Alhazmi, Monika Sachdeva, Mahesh Rachamalla
Summary: Mitochondria are semiautonomous intracellular components involved in metabolism and energy production. Defects in mitochondria lead to chronic cellular diseases. Dysfunctional mitochondria play a critical role in cancer, diabetes, infections, and obesity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Md. Khalid Anwer, Mohammed Muqtader Ahmed, Mohammed F. Aldawsari, Muzaffar Iqbal, Gamal A. Soliman, Ibrahim A. Aljuffali
Summary: This study aimed to prepare ELD-loaded eudragit nanoparticles and investigate their anti-diarrheal activity on rats. The optimized formulation (ENP2) showed sustained release behavior and significantly reduced defecation frequency and disease activity index compared to pure ELD in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome diarrhea.
Article
Immunology
Mansour Almuqbil, Rama Al-Asmi, Samar AlRamly, Noor Hijazi, Hailah Alotaibi, Ashwaq AlMubarak, Kholoud AlAnezi, Maha Al-Rowaili, Mohammed Al-Yamani, Badr Sami Duwaidi, Dalal Rahil Alshammari, Abdullah Mohammad Alabdulsalam, Jamelah Abdualrhman Almutairi, Fayez Mohammad Alasmari, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq
Summary: This observational cross-sectional study investigated vaccination hesitancy among parents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study found that parents aged 18-34 and those with higher income were more likely to hesitate about vaccination. Concerns about side effects and lack of safety data were the main reasons for hesitancy. The study reveals that parents in Riyadh are generally reluctant to vaccinate their children against COVID-19.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kuntal Das, Paramita Das, Mansour Almuqbil, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq, K. Nikhil, K. Preethi, A. Angelinkiruba, Nasser Fawzan Alomar, Rawabi M. Al Harbi, Walaa A. Al Abdullah, Sami M. Alshehri, Yahya A. Laghabi, Ahmed R. Alsaegh, Yahya Mohzari, Sultan Alshehri, Basheerahmed Abdulaziz Mannasaheb, Syed Imam Rabbani
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of phytochemicals obtained from AYUSH-listed medicinal plants against SARS-CoV-2 proteins using computational techniques. The results showed that these plants have therapeutic efficacy and low toxicity. Further research is suggested to validate the computational findings.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Saurabh Bhatia, Ahmed Al-Harrasi, Yasir Abbas Shah, Muhammad Jawad, Mohammed Said Al-Azri, Sana Ullah, Md Khalid Anwer, Mohammed F. Aldawsari, Esra Koca, Levent Yurdaer Aydemir
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Sage essential oil (SEO) on the physiochemical and antioxidant properties of sodium alginate (SA) and casein (CA) based films. Various properties such as thermal stability, mechanical strength, transparency, and barrier properties were analyzed. The results showed that the incorporation of SEO led to a decrease in tensile strength, elongation at break, moisture content, and transparency, while increasing the WVP. SEM and TGA analysis demonstrated improved homogeneity and thermal stability of SEO-loaded films. FTIR analysis indicated compatibility between film components, and increasing SEO concentration resulted in higher antioxidant activity. These findings suggest the potential application of SEO-loaded films in the food packaging industry.
Article
Polymer Science
Anroop B. Nair, Sunita Chaudhary, Shery Jacob, Dhwani Patel, Pottathil Shinu, Hiral Shah, Ankit Chaudhary, Bandar Aldhubiab, Rashed M. Almuqbil, Ahmed S. Alnaim, Fatemah Alqattan, Jigar Shah
Summary: This study aimed to develop a Dolutegravir-loaded nanoemulsion-based in situ gel for intranasal delivery and evaluate its potential for brain targeting. The results showed that the gel exhibited ideal pharmaceutical characteristics and increased the concentration of Dolutegravir in the brain when delivered intranasally. It also showed no dose toxicity or cellular damage to the nasal mucosa. Therefore, this intranasal delivery strategy could be a feasible and practical approach for the management of neuroAIDS.
Article
Polymer Science
Saurabh Bhatia, Ahmed Al-Harrasi, Yasir Abbas Shah, Halima Waleed Khalifa Altoubi, Sabna Kotta, Priyanka Sharma, Md. Khalid Anwer, Deepa Sreekanth Kaithavalappil, Esra Koca, Levent Yurdaer Aydemir
Summary: Several studies have shown that adding essential oils to hydrogel-based films can improve their physiochemical and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to develop hydrogel-based films loaded with cinnamon essential oil (CEO) using sodium alginate (SA) and acacia gum (AG). Various tests, including SEM, XRD, FTIR, DSC, and TA, were conducted to analyze the structure, crystalline, chemical, thermal, and mechanical behavior of the films. The study found that increasing the concentration of CEO improved the antioxidant properties of the hydrogel-based films, making them a promising choice for food packaging materials.
Review
Oncology
Muhammad Sarfraz, Mosab Arafat, Syeda Huma H. Zaidi, Lina Eltaib, Muhammad Irfan Siddique, Mehnaz Kamal, Abuzer Ali, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq, Abida Khan, Shams Aaghaz, Mohammed Sanad Alshammari, Mohd Imran
Summary: This article compiles studies on resveratrol-rich nano-formulations in various cancer types, focusing on improved drug stability, higher therapeutic potential, and less toxicity to cells and tissues.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ibrahim A. Aljuffali, Md. Khalid Anwer, Mohammed Muqtader Ahmed, Ahmed Alalaiwe, Mohammed F. Aldawsari, Farhat Fatima, Shahid Jamil
Summary: In this study, the toxic effects of gefitinib-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles on human breast cancer cells were investigated. The optimized formulation showed sustained drug release and enhanced activity against the cancer cells, suggesting it as a promising therapeutic alternative for breast cancer.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Farhat Fatima, Md. Khalid Anwer
Summary: This study aimed to design and characterize polymeric nanosponges (IBNS 1-5) encapsulating the targeted anti-cancer moiety of Ibrutinib (ITB). The optimized IBNS4 demonstrated compatibility of the drug with excipients and proper encapsulation within the core. In vitro release studies showed that IBNS4 followed the Higuchi matrix model and exhibited sustained release for 24 hours. The developed nanosponges (IBNS4) showed enhanced cytotoxicity effects against MCF-7 cells compared to the pure drug (ITB).
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)