Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Masaki Machida, Hiroyuki Kikuchi, Takako Kojima, Itaru Nakamura, Reiko Saito, Tomoki Nakaya, Tomoya Hanibuchi, Tomoko Takamiya, Yuko Odagiri, Noritoshi Fukushima, Shiho Amagasa, Hidehiro Watanabe, Shigeru Inoue
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between social capital and COVID-19 vaccination. The results showed that individuals with social capital were more likely to receive COVID-19 vaccination compared to those without, indicating that social capital may be a factor in reducing vaccine hesitancy.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Megumi Hara, Takeki Furue, Mami Fukuoka, Kentaro Iwanaga, Eijo Matsuishi, Toru Miike, Yuichiro Sakamoto, Naoko Mukai, Yuki Kinugasa, Mutsumi Shigyo, Noriko Sonoda, Masato Tanaka, Yasuko Arase, Yosuke Tanaka, Hitoshi Nakashima, Shin Irie, Yoshio Hirota
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of two doses of BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccines against the Delta variant in the Japanese population from June to September 2021. The VE was found to be 92% in June-July and 79% in August-September, and adjusted VE for homestay, hotel-based isolation, and hospitalization was 78%, 77%, and 97%, respectively. Despite a slight decline, VE against hospitalization remained strong for about 3 months after the second dose, indicating the need for longer-term monitoring of VE against new variants in vaccination policymaking.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hiam Chemaitelly, Houssein H. Ayoub, Patrick Tang, Peter Coyle, Hadi M. Yassine, Asmaa A. Al Thani, Hebah A. Al-Khatib, Mohammad R. Hasan, Zaina Al-Kanaani, Einas Al-Kuwari, Andrew Jeremijenko, Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal, Ali Nizar Latif, Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik, Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim, Gheyath K. Nasrallah, Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari, Adeel A. Butt, Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi, Mohamed H. Al-Thani, Abdullatif Al-Khal, Roberto Bertollini, Jeremy Samuel Faust, Laith J. Abu-Raddad
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of COVID-19 mRNA boosters in individuals with different immune histories and clinical vulnerability profiles. The data showed that the booster vaccine provided 26.2% effectiveness against infection and 75.1% effectiveness against severe, critical, or fatal COVID-19 during a 1-year follow-up period. The effectiveness was particularly significant in individuals who were clinically vulnerable to severe COVID-19.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
George N. Ioannou, Emily R. Locke, Ann M. O'Hare, Amy S. B. Bohnert, Edward J. Boyko, Denise M. Hynes, Kristin Berry
Summary: The study aims to determine the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in the healthcare system of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Research on over 2 million individuals who received the Moderna or Pfizer-BioNTech COVID19 vaccines showed a vaccine effectiveness of 69% against SARS-CoV-2 infection and 86% against SARS-CoV-2-related death.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanqun Wang, Jie Li, Lu Zhang, Hai-Xi Sun, Zhaoyong Zhang, Jinjin Xu, Yonghao Xu, Yu Lin, Airu Zhu, Yuxue Luo, Haibo Zhou, Yan Wu, Shanwen Lin, Yuzhe Sun, Fei Xiao, Ruiying Chen, Liyan Wen, Wei Chen, Fang Li, Rijing Ou, Yanjun Zhang, Tingyou Kuo, Yuming Li, Lingguo Li, Jing Sun, Kun Sun, Zhen Zhuang, Haorong Lu, Zhao Chen, Guoqiang Mai, Jianfen Zhuo, Puyi Qian, Jiayu Chen, Huanming Yang, Jian Wang, Xun Xu, Nanshan Zhong, Jingxian Zhao, Junhua Li, Jincun Zhao, Xin Jin
Summary: This study compared cfRNA profiles between COVID-19 patients and healthy donors, and found 380 up-regulated cfRNA molecules in all COVID-19 patients. Several potential biomarkers were identified. Antiviral and neutrophil activation-related genes showed decreased expression levels during treatment, which is consistent with enhanced inflammatory response in COVID-19 patients. Differential expression of noncoding RNAs and changes in tRNA pools related to SARS-CoV-2 replication were also observed. Additionally, pneumonia-related microorganisms were detected in the plasma of COVID-19 patients.
Article
Immunology
Mario J. Valladares-Garrido, Sandra Zena-Nanez, C. Ichiro Peralta, Jacqueline B. Puicon-Suarez, Cristian Diaz-Velez, Virgilio E. Failoc-Rojas
Summary: This study conducted in Peru aimed to determine the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination. The results showed a 50% reduction in mortality among vaccinated patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Victoria Hall, Sarah Foulkes, Ferdinando Insalata, Peter Kirwan, Ayoub Saei, Ana Atti, Edgar Wellington, Jameel Khawam, Katie Munro, Michelle Cole, Caio Tranquillini, Andrew Taylor-Kerr, Nipunadi Hettiarachchi, Davina Calbraith, Noshin Sajedi, Iain Milligan, Yrene Themistocleous, Diane Corrigan, Lisa Cromey, Lesley Price, Sally Stewart, Elen de Lacy, Chris Norman, Ezra Linley, Ashley D. Otter, Amanda Semper, Jacqueline Hewson, Silvia D'Arcangelo, Meera Chand, Colin S. Brown, Tim Brooks, Jasmin Islam, Andre Charlett, Susan Hopkins
Summary: This study investigated the duration and effectiveness of immunity among healthcare workers in the United Kingdom. It found that two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine provided high short-term protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection, but this protection significantly decreased after six months. However, infection-acquired immunity boosted by vaccination remained high, even more than one year after infection.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Masaki Machida, Itaru Nakamura, Takako Kojima, Reiko Saito, Tomoki Nakaya, Tomoya Hanibuchi, Tomoko Takamiya, Yuko Odagiri, Noritoshi Fukushima, Hiroyuki Kikuchi, Shiho Amagasa, Hidehiro Watanabe, Shigeru Inoue
Summary: This study investigated the acceptance and hesitancy towards the COVID-19 vaccine in Japan, finding that 62.1% of participants were willing to get vaccinated. The research also revealed that vaccine acceptance was lower among women, adults aged 20-49 years, and those with a low-income level. Psychological factors, such as the perceived effectiveness of the vaccine and willingness to protect others, were identified as important factors associated with vaccine acceptance.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Bette Liu, Sandrine Stepien, Timothy Dobbins, Heather Gidding, David Henry, Rosemary Korda, Lucas Mills, Sallie-Anne Pearson, Nicole Pratt, Claire M. Vajdic, Jennifer Welsh, Kristine Macartney
Summary: This study examines the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against COVID-19 and all-cause mortality during different periods in 2022 using data from Australia. The findings show that the effectiveness of the vaccines in preventing COVID-19 mortality decreases over time since the last dose, emphasizing the importance of administering booster doses to those at highest risk.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Eleftheria Vasileiou, Colin R. Simpson, Ting Shi, Steven Kerr, Utkarsh Agrawal, Ashley Akbari, Stuart Bedston, Jillian Beggs, Declan Bradley, Antony Chuter, Simon de Lusignan, Annemarie B. Docherty, David Ford, F. D. Richard Hobbs, Mark Joy, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, James Marple, Colin McCowan, Dylan McGagh, Jim McMenamin, Emily Moore, Josephine L. K. Murray, Jiafeng Pan, Lewis Ritchie, Syed Ahmar Shah, Sarah Stock, Fatemeh Torabi, Ruby S. M. Tsang, Rachael Wood, Mark Woolhouse, Chris Robertson, Aziz Sheikh
Summary: The study in Scotland found that the first doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA and ChAdOx1 vaccines were associated with substantial reductions in the risk of COVID-19 hospital admission, with vaccine effectiveness ranging from 88% to 91% at 28-34 days post-vaccination.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amelia Green, Helen Curtis, William Hulme, Elizabeth Williamson, Helen McDonald, Krishnan Bhaskaran, Christopher Rentsch, Anna Schultze, Brian MacKenna, Viyaasan Mahalingasivam, Laurie Tomlinson, Alex Walker, Louis Fisher, Jon Massey, Colm Andrews, Lisa Hopcroft, Caroline Morton, Richard Croker, Jessica Morley, Amir Mehrkar, Seb Bacon, David Evans, Peter Inglesby, George Hickman, Tom Ward, Simon Davy, Rohini Mathur, John Tazare, Rosalind Eggo, Kevin Wing, Angel Wong, Harriet Forbes, Chris Bates, Jonathan Cockburn, John Parry, Frank Hester, Sam Harper, Ian Douglas, Stephen Evans, Liam Smeeth, Ben Goldacre
Summary: While the majority of COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough cases in England were mild, some differences in rates of breakthrough cases have been identified in several clinical groups. Further analysis is needed to assess vaccine waning and rates of breakthrough COVID-19 between different variants in order to identify individuals at higher risk.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Melanie Stecher, Anja Brathen Kristoffersen, Kristian Lie, Svein Rune Andersen, Hinta Meijerink, Jostein Starrfelt
Summary: Evidence from a cohort study in Norway indicates that a fourth dose of mRNA vaccine provides increased protection against severe outcomes of COVID-19, particularly among individuals aged 75 years and older. Bivalent vaccines show better protection compared to monovalent vaccines, but the protective effect diminishes over time.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Megumi Hara, Motoki Ishibashi, Atsushi Nakane, Takashi Nakano, Yoshio Hirota
Summary: A survey in Japan revealed that healthcare workers, especially nurses, had lower acceptance rates of the COVID-19 vaccine compared to the general population. Women and young adults were more likely to be hesitant about vaccination, while smokers were more likely to accept it. Nurses showed a higher hesitancy rate compared to the general population.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Sara Wing, Doneal Thomas, Shabnam Balamchi, Jane Ip, Kyla Naylor, Stephanie N. Dixon, Eric McArthur, Jeffrey C. Kwong, Jeffrey Perl, Mohammad Atiquzzaman, Angie Yeung, Kevin Yau, Michelle A. Hladunewich, Jerome A. Leis, Adeera Levin, Peter G. Blake, Matthew J. Oliver
Summary: A retrospective cohort study in Ontario, Canada found that three doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine were associated with a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe outcomes compared to two doses in the hemodialysis population. Additionally, prior infection was found to be associated with a reduced risk of reinfection.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Vanessa Piechotta, Sibylle C. Mellinghoff, Caroline Hirsch, Alice Brinkmann, Claire Iannizzi, Nina Kreuzberger, Anne Adams, Ina Monsef, Jannik Stemler, Oliver A. Cornely, Paul J. Broeckelmann, Nicole Skoetz
Summary: The efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with hematological malignancies appears limited and varies across different diseases and treatments. Clinical outcomes are rarely reported, with low rates of infection, symptomatic disease, hospital admission, and death. Seroconversion rates show heterogeneity, with lower response rates in patients receiving B-cell depleting treatment. Vaccine-induced T-cell response and adverse events are rarely reported as well.
BLOOD CANCER JOURNAL
(2022)
