Comparison of two-dimensional measurement with three-dimensional volume rendering for the assessment of loss of domain in incisional hernia patients

PurposeWe aimed to compare simple two-dimensional (2D) measurement with comprehensive three-dimensional (3D) volume rendering to determine loss of domain (LOD), a clinically important decision-making feature for incisional hernia repair. MethodsIn this single-center retrospective study, we analyzed the CT scans of a consecutive cohort of adult patients with a midline incisional hernia. The hernia sac- and abdominal cavity volumes were obtained by two different methods. The 2D method estimated the volumes using the corresponding height, width, and depth. The 3D method comprised of a volume rendering tool. For both methods, LOD was calculated according to the Sabbagh ratio (hernia sac volume / (hernia sac volume + abdominal cavity volume)). Taking the 3D method as the reference standard, the performance of the 2D method was expressed as positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for LOD of more than- and less than 20%. The agreement between both methods was expressed as Cohen's kappa coefficient (kappa). ResultsWe analyzed 92 CT scans. Agreement between both methods was high (kappa = 0.854, p = 0.0001); all 67 measurements for which the 2D method assessed LOD to be less than 20% were correctly classified (NPV = 100%), and 20 of 25 measurements for which the 2D method assessed LOD to be more than 20% were correctly classified (PPV = 80%). ConclusionsThe 2D method can exclude patients from perioperative actions needed for a more complex hernia. Since this method is easy to use and less time-consuming, it seems useful for the routine radiological assessment of LOD in clinical practice.

Automated summary

In this study, the difference between simple two-dimensional measurement and comprehensive three-dimensional volume rendering in determining loss of domain (LOD) for incisional hernia repair was compared. The results showed that the two-dimensional method can accurately assess LOD and is convenient and time-saving for routine radiological assessment of LOD in clinical practice.