4.7 Article

Equilibria of semi-volatile isothiazolinones between air and glass surfaces measured by gas chromatography and Raman spectroscopy

Journal

ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
Volume 218, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114908

Keywords

Silver nanocubes; Isothiazolinone; Surface-enhanced Raman scattering; Surface-air equilibria

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Trace amounts of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) of MIT and OIT were detected in the air and on glass surfaces. The equilibrium of SVOCs between air and glass was examined. MIT was found to be more abundant in the gas phase compared to OIT. A rapid and sensitive detection method using AgNC-assisted SERS was developed for MIT and OIT on glass surfaces. The method can be applied for quantification of MIT and OIT in practical applications.
Trace amounts of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) of the two isothiazolinones of 2-methylisothiazol-3 (2H)-one (MIT) and 2-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (OIT) were detected both in the air and on glass surfaces. Equilibria of SVOCs between air and glass were examined by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS). Surface to air distribution ratios of Ksa for MIT and OIT were determined to be 5.10 m and 281.74 m, respectively, suggesting more abundant MIT in the gas phase by a factor of similar to 55. In addition, a facile method of silver nanocube (AgNC)-assisted surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been developed for the rapid and sensitive detection of MIT and OIT on glass surfaces. According to MIT and OIT concentration-correlated SERS intensities of Raman peaks at similar to 1585 cm(-1) and similar to 1125 cm(-1), respectively. Their calibration curves have been obtained in the concentration ranges between 10(-3) to 10(-10) M and 10(-3) to 10(-11) M with their linearity of 0.9986 and 0.9989 for MIT and OIT, respectively. The limits of detection (LODs) of the two isothiazolinones were estimated at 10(-10) M, and 10(-11) M for MIT and OIT, respectively. Our results indicate that AgNC-assisted SERS spectra are a rapid and high-ultrasensitive method for the quantification of MIT and OIT in practical applications. The development of analytical methods and determination of the Ksa value obtained in this study can be applied to the prediction of the exposure to MIT and OIT from various chemical products and dynamic behaviors to assess human health risks in indoor environments.

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