Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Zhenyong Zhang, Youliang Tian, Ruilong Deng, Jianfeng Ma
Summary: The article proposes a double-benefit moving target defense (dB-MTD) to protect the smart grid (SG) from cyber-physical attacks (CPAs) and gain generation-cost benefits. By perturbing reactances with distributed flexible AC transmission system (D-FACTS) to prevent stealthy CPAs on transmission lines, the optimal reactance perturbations are computed to maximize generation-cost benefits without sacrificing the protection performance of dB-MTD. Extensive simulations using real-world load profiles evaluate the impact of CPAs on the system operation and benefits obtained by dB-MTD in terms of D-FACTS deployment and generation-cost profits.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhanwei He, Javad Khazaei, Faegheh Moazeni, James D. Freihaut
Summary: The proposed approach in this paper utilizes a simplified neural network to detect false data injection (FDI) attacks targeting transmission lines in smart grids. The innovation lies in its ability to detect stealthy attacks that not only bypass state-estimation, but also result in congestion of transmission lines. Numerical results demonstrate the high accuracy of the method in detecting cyber-physical attacks, and case studies are included to test its resilience in various scenarios.
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sani Umar, Muhamad Felemban
Summary: The paper examines the impact of False Data Injection Attacks (FDIA) on the cost of power generation and physical components of power systems, introducing a new strategy to maximize generation cost and demonstrating its feasibility through simulations. The proposed FDIA significantly increases generation costs in various bus systems and suggests a rule-based detection and prevention mechanism to mitigate such attacks on power systems.
Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Omer Aslan, Semih Serkant Aktug, Merve Ozkan-Okay, Abdullah Asim Yilmaz, Erdal Akin
Summary: Internet usage has grown exponentially, with individuals and companies performing multiple daily transactions in cyberspace rather than in the real world. The pandemic has accelerated this process. As a result, traditional crimes have shifted to the digital space.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Sule Yildirim Yayilgan, Filip Holik, Mohamed Abomhara, Doney Abraham, Alemayehu Gebremedhin
Summary: This paper presents an approach for analyzing cyber security threats and attacks in digital substations. The approach includes defining the concept of a digital substation, explaining the security challenges associated with them, and presenting the main steps of the security analysis. The steps include a security pyramid, threat analysis, threat modeling, risk assessment, and simulation impact analysis. The goal is to enhance awareness among stakeholders of the digital substations.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Oemer Sen, Dennis van der Velde, Katharina A. Wehrmeister, Immanuel Hacker, Martin Henze, Michael Andres
Summary: While digitization of distribution grids provides benefits, it also brings increased risks from serious cyber security threats. Addressing these threats requires advanced security measures and automated procedures to process cyber intelligence for supporting security operations.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY GRIDS & NETWORKS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Chao Pei, Yang Xiao, Wei Liang, Xiaojia Han
Summary: A detection method based on canonical variate analysis is proposed in this paper to monitor the variation of statistical detection indicators on projected canonical variables before and after attacks. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORK SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Review
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Mohammad Kamrul Hasan, A. K. M. Ahasan Habib, Zarina Shukur, Fazil Ibrahim, Shayla Islam, Md Abdur Razzaque
Summary: The smart grid system is an intelligent technology that integrates green technology and environmental aspects through a two-way communication system for information transformation, power generation, and distribution. The development and application of communication technology in the traditional power system have led to complex architecture and cyber-attacks for smart grid systems. Therefore, research on smart grid cyber-physical and cyber security systems, standard protocols, and challenges is crucial to protect against these threats and ensure the system's security.
JOURNAL OF NETWORK AND COMPUTER APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Falah Alanazi, Jinsub Kim, Eduardo Cotilla-Sanchez
Summary: The vulnerability of a power transmission grid to load oscillation attacks is investigated. It is demonstrated that an attacker can destabilize the grid by oscillating a small fraction of load and monitoring tie line flows.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Muhammad Awais Shahid, Fiaz Ahmad, Fahad R. Albogamy, Ghulam Hafeez, Zahid Ullah
Summary: This study proposes a novel false data detection and prevention approach to protect the measurement infrastructure of smart grids from cyber-attacks. By using both fixed dummy value model and variable dummy value model, the attacks were successfully identified and prevented, ensuring the stability of the power system.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Chao Pei, Yang Xiao, Wei Liang, Xiaojia Han
Summary: This paper proposes a robust deviation-based detection method to effectively defend against false data injection attacks (FDIAs) in smart grid. By introducing an additional Kalman filter and applying an exponential weighting function, the proposed method can detect attacks by checking the deviation of estimated measurements.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Harsh Kumar, Oscar. A. Alvarez, Sanjeev Kumar
Summary: For the first time, commercial grade smart meters have been subjected to cyber security attacks to understand their operation and security resilience under different attack scenarios. The findings reveal that common cybersecurity attacks can adversely impact the data reporting operation of smart meters, even causing complete loss of reporting power-usage data. This highlights the importance of evaluating and enhancing the security resiliency of smart meters in order to maintain the integrity and security of power usage data.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yongcai Xiao, Lianghan Yang, Jun Li, Jian Xu, Kuangye Liu
Summary: The protection level of high voltage power substations depends on the considerations of the electricity company, the level of threats, and the value of assets. The number of defense measures should be estimated based on the status and importance of each substation, and decision-making methods like FAHP are used to determine defense cost functions. Optimal path for communication cables and hardware equipment are found to be more important, with sensitivity analysis confirming the accuracy of results.
Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mahmoud Amin, Fayez F. M. El-Sousy, Ghada A. Abdel Aziz, Khaled Gaber, Osama A. Mohammed
Summary: This paper provides an inclusive review of cyber-physical attacks, vulnerabilities, and security challenges in power electronics systems for smart grid applications. It focuses on prominent CP attack patterns with significant impact on power electronics components and discusses defense solutions, as well as mitigation approaches for CPS threats attacks in the smart grid applications. The paper concludes with future trends and challenges in CP security for smart grid applications.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Fredrik Ege Abrahamsen, Yun Ai, Michael Cheffena
Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive survey on the communication technologies used in Smart Grid (SG), including bidirectional communication, communication requirements, physical layer technologies, network architectures, and research challenges to help readers identify potential research problems in the continued research on the topic of SG communications.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ehsan Rahmkhoda, Jawad Faiz, Moein Abedini
Summary: This paper investigates the failures and errors of loss-of-excitation (LOE) protection and proposes an intelligent method combined with a learning vector quantization (LVQ) neural network. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can detect LOE conditions quickly and prevent stresses applied to the machine and power system.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Andre M. Garcia, Leonardo H. Macedo, Ruben Romero
Summary: This article presents a specialized scatter search algorithm to solve the optimal transmission switching problem considering voltage control, and its efficiency is validated through tests.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Adel F. Alrasheedi, Khalid A. Alnowibet, Ahmad M. Alshamrani
Summary: This paper studies the bidding strategy problem of microgrid in a day-ahead electricity market. The DA electricity prices, demand, and uncertainties are modeled using different scenarios and robust optimization. A smart predict-and-optimize methodology is proposed, where a cost-oriented prediction model is used to replace accuracy-oriented methods. The trilevel mathematical programming approach is utilized to construct a cost-oriented model and solve the problem.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Depin Lv, Qiusheng Yu, Xiaoyong Wang, Yulian Bo, Yongjing Wei, Lei Liu, Pu Zhang, Yan Zhang, Wensheng Zhang
Summary: This study proposes a method based on the MHA-CNN framework to monitor the operation status of the smart grid and power communication network coupling. The method utilizes HHT to extract features from operational data and employs MHA to extract key feature information from fault data, achieving faster fault detection speed and higher detection probability.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tao Zhang, Zhiguo Hao, Hongyue Ma, Songhao Yang, Chongtao Li
Summary: This paper introduces a dominant mode identification (DMI) method to assess the stability of grey-box grid-tied converters. The method analyzes the critical eigenvalues and can be applied to different grid connection scenarios.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Aamir Nawaz, Hongtao Wang, Huiting Yang, Hammad Armghan, Jiechao Gao
Summary: This paper presents a risk constrained probabilistic problem framework for addressing the challenges of stochastic dispatching due to contingencies and the integration of renewable sources. By utilizing probabilistic analytical target cascading, polynomial chaos expansion, and benders decomposition algorithm, the proposed method reduces computational burden and improves efficiency.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Thongchart Kerdphol, Issarachai Ngamroo, Tossaporn Surinkaew
Summary: This paper introduces an enhanced robust H-infinity technique to improve the regulation performance and cyber resiliency of secondary frequency control in a microgrid. The study shows that cyber-attacks affect different elements of secondary frequency control in the microgrid depending on the type of attack used.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sambeet Mishra, Praveen Prakash Singh, Ivar Kiitam, Muhammad Shafiq, Ivo Palu, Chiara Bordin
Summary: This study aims to analyze partial discharge events in high-voltage cables and extract patterns and trends. The results indicate a positive correlation between the number of PD events and the increase in voltage levels, with negative PD peaks being more frequent at lower stress levels.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Cleberton Reiz, Jonatas B. Leite, Clara S. Gouveia, Mohammad Sadegh Javadi
Summary: This research proposes a bilevel method to simultaneously solve the allocation and coordination problems in microgrid protection, considering local devices. The results show that solving these problems simultaneously can save costs and select the optimal solution.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Rasha Elazab, M. Ser-Alkhatm, Maged A. Abu Adma, K. M. Abdel-Latif
Summary: This paper proposes a two-layer methodology for the allocation and sizing of SVCs in radial distribution systems. The Power Loss Index (PLI) is used to choose the best candidate buses for allocating SVCs, and a two-stage stochastic programming algorithm is proposed to solve the sizing problem. The advantages of combining SVCs and the PV inverter's reactive power provision ability are also analyzed.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Samreen Javaid, Dongyu Li, Abhisek Ukil
Summary: This paper introduces a new algorithm based on high pass filter for traveling wave fault location, which can differentiate the peak value of the traveling wave more easily by removing oscillation in the signal. The algorithm is tested on a DC simulation model and executed in MATLAB environment, achieving high accuracy in fault location results. Compared with traditional methods, this algorithm shows higher accuracy and faster response.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Enzhe Wang, Xiangrong Chen, Hanshan Zhu, Kai Yin, Muhammad Awais, Ashish Paramane
Summary: This paper aims to reduce the power loss of tunnel cable systems by using different grounding and loss reduction methods. The case study of the submarine tunnel power cable project in Ningbo-Zhoushan, China is considered. The nodal admittance matrices of the cable are established using the telegraph equation, and the cascading algorithm is used to analyze the induced voltage and circulating current in the cable sheath, taking into account the presence of grounding node. The study finds that coordinating the amplitude and phase angle of series impedance can reduce the power loss of the cable system.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ziwei Ma, Jasronita Jasni, Mohd Zainal Abidin Ab Kadir, Norhafiz Azis
Summary: A numerical model was developed to analyze lightning attachment on UHV-AC double-circuit transmission lines. Simulation results showed that upward leaders simultaneously occurred on the ground wire and the upper-phase conductor when the phase conductors were energized. A new expression for calculating the striking distance on the ground wire was proposed based on the simulation results. Additionally, high voltage, phase angle, and terrain slope were found to increase the surface electric field of the upper-phase conductor.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kunal Kumar, Susmita Kar
Summary: This paper presents an efficient protection scheme utilizing the rate of change parameter to detect both shunt faults and high impedance faults. By comparing with the existing scheme and testing on the IEEE 13 Bus test system, the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Cheng Che, Bangbang He, Zhixuan Gao, Qiwei Lu, Yang Chen, Zhifeng Wang, Jinghan Guo, Yanwen Wang
Summary: A low-cost hybrid railway power conditioner (HRPC) technology scheme is proposed in this paper to effectively compensate negative sequence current (NSC) of the V/v traction system and reduce the capacity and cost of the railway power conditioner (RPC). The proposed HRPC combines an RPC with a modular multilevel converter structure (MMC-RPC) and a railway static var compensator (RSVC) and considers regenerative braking energy in the compensation process.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2024)