Article
Environmental Sciences
M. A. Anthony, M. Knorr, J. A. M. Moore, M. Simpson, S. D. Frey
Summary: The study shows that soil warming has a significant impact on soil fungal communities, reducing diversity and causing composition shifts. Nitrogen addition did not significantly affect fungal community composition, but like warming, reduced fungal diversity.
ELEMENTA-SCIENCE OF THE ANTHROPOCENE
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Dan Du, Stephen J. Livesley, Stefan K. Arndt, Camille Truong, Rebecca E. Miller
Summary: A study found that the use of compost tea did not have a positive effect on the growth and root mycorrhizal colonization of container-grown trees. This suggests that compost tea may not be beneficial for tree growth in a nursery setting, and further research is needed to investigate its potential benefits in urban landscapes.
Article
Ecology
Fiona Jevon, Dayna De la Cruz, Joseph A. LaManna, Ashley K. Lang, David A. Orwig, Sydne Record, Paige Kouba, Matthew P. Ayres, Jaclyn Hatala Matthes
Summary: Conspecific negative density dependence promotes tree species diversity in temperate forests and is related to tree species traits and ecological attributes.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joseph E. Carrara, Nanette C. Raczka, Edward R. Brzostek
Summary: Increased nitrogen availability in temperate forests alters carbon and nitrogen cycling. Trees associated with ectomycorrhizal fungi reduce carbon allocation to roots and mycorrhizal fungi more than those associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in response to long-term nitrogen fertilization. Nitrogen-induced decoupling of roots and microbes in ectomycorrhizal trees is evidenced by greater declines in extracellular enzyme activities.
Article
Plant Sciences
Chenglei Wang, Karen Velandia, Choon-Tak Kwon, Kate E. Wulf, David S. Nichols, James B. Reid, Eloise Foo
Summary: Plants form mutualistic nutrient-acquiring symbioses with microbes like arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and employ a negative feedback loop called autoregulation of mycorrhizae (AOM) to limit the formation of these symbioses. Specific genes like FAB, FIN, and SlCLV2 have been identified as playing roles in negatively regulating arbuscular mycorrhizal formation in tomato. Furthermore, external nutrients such as phosphate and nitrate can strongly suppress arbuscular mycorrhizal formation, with FAB and FIN being required for nitrate suppression but not for phosphate suppression. This suggests a deep homology in the symbiotic role of these genes, potentially forming a common symbiotic toolkit for beneficial plant-microbe interactions.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Thomas B. Irving, Sanhita Chakraborty, Sergey Ivanov, Michael Schultze, Kirankumar S. Mysore, Maria J. Harrison, Jean-Michel Ane
Summary: This study characterized the symbiotic phenotypes of four Medicago truncatula mutants and identified two genes, RAM1 and KIN3, involved in mycorrhization. The results showed that RAM1 acts upstream of KIN3 and that KIN3 is involved in suppressing plant defenses and promoting root colonization. KIN3 also plays an essential role in the symbiotic response to soil nitrogen levels.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Elisabeth B. Ward, Alexander Polussa, Mark A. Bradford
Summary: Plant mycorrhizal associations impact the accumulation and persistence of soil organic matter, which can affect how ecosystems respond to global changes. The co-occurrence of trees and shrubs with different mycorrhizal associations can influence soil organic matter pools, but more research is needed to understand these effects.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Ahmed Elgharably, Nivien Allam Nafady
Summary: Soil salinity limits wheat growth, but Penicillium funiculosum and Fusarium oxysporum can promote Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi symbiotic effects, alleviating the deleterious effects of NaCl salts on wheat growth.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yingying Liu, Wenzhi Cui, Wenguang Li, Shuang Xu, Yuhuan Sun, Guangjian Xu, Fayuan Wang
Summary: Both microplastics (MPs) and cadmium (Cd) are common contaminants in soil-rice systems and their combined effects on rice and soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were explored. The study found that MPs can affect Cd accumulation in rice and alter the diversity and structure of AMF in soil.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Horticulture
Hanane Dounas, Mohammed Bouskout, Hiba-Allah Nafidi, Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli, Mohammed Bourhia, Lahcen Ouahmane
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of Nicotiana glauca invasion on soil fertility by examining its contribution to mycorrhizal potential, its impact on soil richness and diversity, and its ability to clean up heavy metal contamination. The research found that N. glauca has strong mycotrophic capabilities, a high abundance of spores, and a potential for phytoremediation of contaminated soils.
Article
Plant Sciences
Zoltan Felfoldi, Roxana Vidican, Vlad Stoian, Ioana A. Roman, Adriana F. Sestras, Teodor Rusu, Radu E. Sestras
Summary: The study found that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have beneficial effects on tomato growth and yield, reducing the dependence on fertilizers through symbiotic relationships with plant roots.
Article
Agronomy
Yingjie Wu, Chongjuan Chen, Jiazhu Li, Guoan Wang
Summary: This study investigated the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization on plant nitrogen (N) uptake strategies under different soil water conditions. The results showed that AMF colonization enhanced plant N uptake and weakened the preference for NH4+ in maize plants.
Article
Plant Sciences
Gotz Palfner, Javiera Farias, Angelica Casanova-Katny
Summary: A preliminary inventory of macrofungi associated with Salix babylonica in south central Chile is presented. Twelve basidiomycetes and one ascomycete were recorded, including four ectomycorrhizal symbionts and nine wood decomposers. The presence of Pholiota conissans and Xerocomellus ripariellus is significant as they are first records for Chile. Compatibility between endemic lignicolous fungi and allochthonous S. babylonica wood was also demonstrated.
Article
Agronomy
Yang Yang, Xinyu Zhang, Iain P. Hartley, Jennifer A. J. Dungait, Xuefa Wen, Dandan Li, Zhiming Guo, Timothy A. Quine
Summary: Plants growing in karst forests form associations with arbuscular mycorrhizae or ectomycorrhizae, affecting the nutrient economy of rhizosphere soil. Ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal plants differ in their nitrogen and phosphorus acquisition, influencing species coexistence and plant biodiversity in low fertility karst soils of southwest China.
Article
Microbiology
Hector Herrera, Tedy Sanhueza, Rafael Borges da Silva Valadares, Francisco Matus, Guillermo Pereira, Cristian Atala, Maria de la Luz Mora, Cesar Arriagada
Summary: This study analyzed the diversity of mycorrhizal and rhizosphere-associated fungal communities in two terrestrial orchids. The results showed significant differences in fungal community composition between different sites, with Sebacina being the most abundant mycorrhizal genus in the rhizosphere of orchids in the native forest, and Thanatephorus being the most abundant mycorrhizal taxon in the rhizosphere of orchids in the Coastal Cordillera.
Article
Forestry
Phillip D. Jones, Autumn E. Sabo, Jodi A. Forrester, David J. Mladenoff, Marc E. McDill
Summary: This study examines the effects of deer on the survival and growth of sugar maple and ash seedlings in a Northern hardwood forest. The results show that the survival of seedlings is positively correlated with initial root collar diameter and is higher in transition zones. The study also finds that soil nitrogen positively influences the height growth of sugar maple but has no effect on ash growth.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Max Miao, Richard Lankau
Summary: Potato domestication has altered the host response to its rhizosphere microbiome in nutrient-dependent ways. Taxonomically similar rhizosphere microbial communities between potato clades resulted in different host responses to microbes. However, studies testing how crop domestication-driven differences in rhizosphere microbial communities affect plant health are limited mostly to specific symbiont pairings.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Sarah L. L. Ottinger, Chelcy Ford Miniat, Nina Wurzburger
Summary: Black locust is a common tree species in the eastern United States that supports symbiotic nitrogen fixation. It exhibits facultative fixation and regulates fixation by excising or maintaining nodules, and controlling nodule biomass and activity. Nitrogen and light play important roles in regulating black locust's nitrogen fixation, with nitrogen addition reducing nodule biomass and nitrogen fixation, while light indirectly affecting nitrogen fixation through its effects on plant growth and photosynthetic activity.
Article
Ecology
Samuel P. Reed, Dustin R. Bronson, Jodi A. Forrester, Leah M. Prudent, Anna M. Yang, Austin M. Yantes, Peter B. Reich, Lee E. Frelich
Summary: Despite the large body of theory concerning multiple disturbances, few attempts have been made to test the interactions between disturbances. This study investigated the linkages between earthworm invasion, canopy gap creation, and white-tailed deer browsing in North American temperate forests. The findings revealed that earthworm invasion is linked to the presence of deer and gap-creating disturbances, providing new insights in multiple disturbance theory and forest management.
Article
Ecology
Amelia A. Fitch, Ashley K. Lang, Emily D. Whalen, Eliza M. Helmers, Sarah G. Goldsmith, Caitlin Hicks Pries
Summary: Forests in the northeastern US are facing shifts in community composition due to the northward migration of warm-adapted tree species and declines of certain species caused by invasive insects. These changes will impact belowground fungal communities and their associated functions. This study examined the importance of mycorrhizal type and leaf habit on soil fungal communities and organic matter cycling. Results showed that each tree species had distinct fungal communities and mycorrhizal type was a better predictor of fungal communities. Saprotrophic fungi played a significant role in shaping fungal community differences in soils beneath all tree species.
Article
Forestry
Autumn E. Sabo, Jodi A. Forrester, Eric L. Kruger, David J. Mladenoff
Summary: There is a growing interest in adapting forest management to increase diversity and restore old-growth characteristics. Efficient and effective measurements for evaluating the quality of natural areas are elusive. This study used herbaceous species to assess the sensitivity of different metrics and the effects of gap-generating disturbances and abundant deer on the understory of a northern hardwood forest. The results showed that height was the best metric and adding downed woody material helped mitigate micro-climates and/or deer pressure.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Lili Perreault, Jodi A. Forrester, Daniel L. Lindner, Michelle A. Jusino, Shawn Fraver, Mark T. Banik, David J. Mladenoff
Summary: Decomposition transfers carbon from detrital organic matter to soil and atmospheric pools. Forest harvesting can lead to reductions in deadwood, which affects wood-inhabiting fungi (WIF) community and their role in carbon and nutrient cycling.
Article
Forestry
Jacks M. T. Hausle, Jodi A. Forrester, Trevor D. Walker
Summary: Branches reduce stem quality, and the effect is determined by geometry, size, and number of knots. Quantifying branchiness is difficult. Acoustic velocity (AV) is correlated with wood stiffness and affected by knots. This study tested AV as a metric for branchiness by measuring AV, height, diameter, and counting branches on longleaf pine trees. AV was correlated with height and slenderness. AV was moderately correlated with large living branches, but not total branches. AV may be suitable for comparing populations, but not individual tree branchiness.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
Siya Shao, Nina Wurzburger, Benjamin Sulman, Caitlin Hicks Pries
Summary: It has been proposed that competition between ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi and free-living saprotrophs for resources like nitrogen (N) slows decomposition and increases the soil carbon storage in ECM ecosystems compared to arbuscular (AM) ecosystems. Theoretical modeling experiments were conducted to explore the conditions under which ECM N acquisition processes induce stronger saprotrophic N limitation and result in slower decomposition rates and greater soil organic carbon accumulation than AM processes. The results revealed that the ECM fungi more strongly inhibited decomposition when litter inputs were N-depleted and relatively recalcitrant and when ECM fungi possessed a strong capacity to mine N from both recalcitrant soil organic matter and microbial necromass. Climate and seasonality also played a role in the ECM competition effect.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Jacks M. T. Hausle, Jodi A. Forrester, Christopher E. Moorman, Melissa R. Martin
Summary: Planting rates and density affect the ecological and timber quality aspects of longleaf pine plantations. Higher planting density results in smaller tree diameters and larger stand basal area, while higher planting rates lead to lower branch density and lower straightness grades. Increasing stand density reduces canopy openness and ground cover, decreasing herbaceous plant cover.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)