Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carla L. Alves, Henrik J. Ditzel
Summary: The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway plays a crucial role in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer tumorigenesis and drug resistance, making it a highly attractive therapeutic target. Several inhibitors targeting this pathway are currently under clinical development. The recent approval of the PIK3CA isoform-specific inhibitor alpelisib and the pan-AKT inhibitor capivasertib, in combination with fulvestrant, has provided new treatment options for advanced estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients. However, the clinical development of multiple inhibitors and incorporating CDK4/6 inhibitors into the standard treatment has complicated the personalization of therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Changli Yue, Yuping Bai, Yingshi Piao, Honggang Liu
Summary: The downregulation of DOK7 in breast cancer is associated with more aggressive behaviors and worse prognosis, while overexpression of DOK7 inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells, suggesting DOK7 may be a novel therapeutic target for breast cancer.
JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Aditi S. Khatpe, Adedeji K. Adebayo, Christopher A. Herodotou, Brijesh Kumar, Harikrishna Nakshatri
Summary: Breast cancers are broadly classified into two subtypes: estrogen receptor-positive and estrogen receptor-negative. While approximately 70% of breast cancers are estrogen receptor-positive, this type is more common in postmenopausal women. Although the majority of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers respond to anti-estrogens, approximately 30% may recur.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yan He, Miao Miao Sun, Guo Geng Zhang, Jing Yang, Kui Sheng Chen, Wen Wen Xu, Bin Li
Summary: The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cancer, and targeting inhibitors against it may aid in drug discovery. Additionally, combining pathway inhibitors with other cancer treatment strategies could be an effective approach to solving therapeutic dilemmas.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhou Lu Wei, Wang Juan, Dou Tong, Li Xiao Juan, Liu Yi Sa, Huang Fu Meng Jie, Guan Xiao, Liu Guo Xiang, Han Meng Jie, Chen Xu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of curcumol on ER alpha 36 positive breast cancer cells, and the relationship between curcumol's target protein NCL and ER alpha 36. The results showed that curcumol reduced the proliferation of breast cancer cells by targeting NCL/ER alpha 36 and inactivating the PI3K/AKT pathway.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Miricescu, Alexandra Totan, Iulia-Ioana Stanescu-Spinu, Silviu Constantin Badoiu, Constantin Stefani, Maria Greabu
Summary: Breast cancer is a complex disease with various factors contributing to its pathogenesis. Current research is focused on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and related cancer mutations. Clinical trials are also evaluating the efficacy of inhibitors targeting these signaling pathways in breast cancer treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Monika Mlinaric, Ivan Lucic, Lidija Milkovic, Ines V. da Silva, Ivana Tartaro Bujak, Vesna Musani, Graca Soveral, Ana Cipak Gasparovic
Summary: Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) is a membrane protein that transports hydrogen peroxide, water, and glycerol. It is implicated in tumor progression and malignancy in breast cancer and may be a target for therapy. This study examined the relationship between AQP3 expression, disruption of lipid raft harboring EGFR, and the EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in breast cancer cell lines. The results indicate that AQP3 may not directly affect the PI3K/Akt pathway but rather its role is cell-line specific.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shu-Yi Chen, Gao-Chen-Xi Zhang, Qi-Jin Shu
Summary: The study investigated the potential of Chinese herbal medicine Yang-Yin-Jie-Du Decoction (YYJDD) to reverse gefitinib resistance. The results showed that YYJDD acted synergistically with gefitinib in vitro, significantly inhibiting cell viability and increasing apoptosis. These findings suggest that YYJDD may have the ability to overcome gefitinib resistance, warranting further research into its specific targets.
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Kunrui Zhu, Yanqi Wu, Ping He, Yu Fan, Xiaorong Zhong, Hong Zheng, Ting Luo
Summary: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (PKB/AKT) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) (PAM) pathways play important roles in breast tumorigenesis and offer potential targets for cancer therapy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emily Golden, Rabab Rashwan, Eleanor A. Woodward, Agustin Sgro, Edina Wang, Anabel Sorolla, Charlene Waryah, Wan Jun Tie, Elisabet Cuyas, Magdalena Ratajska, Iwona Kardas, Piotr Kozlowski, Elizabeth K. M. Johnstone, Heng B. See, Ciara Duffy, Jeremy Parry, Kim A. Lagerborg, Piotr Czapiewski, Javier A. Menendez, Adam Gorczynski, Bartosz Wasag, Kevin D. G. Pfleger, Christina Curtis, Bum-Kyu Lee, Jonghwan Kim, Joseph Cursons, Nathan J. Pavlos, Wojciech Biernat, Mohit Jain, Andrew J. Woo, Andrew Redfern, Pilar Blancafort
Summary: AAMDC, a frequently amplified gene in ER+ breast cancer, regulates metabolic enzymes, controls PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling, and shows sensitivity to combination therapy with anti-estrogens, potentially serving as a target for selective blockers in malignancies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Roger Belizaire, Sebastian H. J. Koochaki, Namrata D. Udeshi, Alexis Vedder, Lei Sun, Tanya Svinkina, Christina Hartigan, Marie McConkey, Veronica Kovalcik, Amanuel Bizuayehu, Caroline Stanclift, Monica Schenone, Steven A. Carr, Eric Padron, Benjamin L. Ebert
Summary: Mutations in CBL affect cellular signaling, leading to aberrant activation of the CBL-PI3K/AKT pathway and promoting cell proliferation. Activation of LYN and its interaction with mutated CBL are key drivers in this process. Inhibiting LYN can reduce CBL phosphorylation and decrease the activity of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Article
Oncology
Janet Arras, Keena S. Thomas, Paul J. Myers, Allison M. Cross, Amare D. Osei, Gabriel E. Vazquez, Kristen A. Atkins, Mark R. Conaway, Marieke K. Jones, Matthew J. Lazzara, Amy H. Bouton
Summary: The study found that high expression of BCAR3 in TNBC is associated with reduced patient survival, and BCAR3 is crucial for TNBC tumor growth. BCAR3 is correlated with MET receptor signaling, and both proteins participate in a single pathway controlling proliferation and migration of TNBC cells. The functional interaction of BCAR3-MET appears to differ in TNBC with different genetic backgrounds.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Huayi Li, Lorenzo Prever, Emilio Hirsch, Federico Gulluni
Summary: The PI3K signaling pathway is crucial in breast cancer and inhibitors targeting this pathway show promising activity, but resistance and adverse reactions limit their efficacy. Combination therapies and identifying suitable patient subpopulations are needed to enhance therapeutic benefit.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yeqin Yuan, Huizhi Long, Ziwei Zhou, Yuting Fu, Binyuan Jiang
Summary: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, with a rising incidence that poses significant challenges for treatment. The PI3K-AKT pathway and its targets play crucial roles in breast cancer development, and natural products and drugs targeting this pathway show potential for treatment. This review discusses the role of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in breast cancer and highlights the use of natural products and drugs targeting this pathway in clinical trials.
Article
Oncology
Huijuan Liu, Honglian Tao, Hongqi Wang, Yuyan Yang, Ru Yang, Xintong Dai, Xiujuan Ding, Haidong Wu, Shuang Chen, Tao Sun
Summary: The study revealed that PAR1 promotes CSC-like properties and EMT in pancreatic cancer cells, while Doxycycline inhibits pancreatic cancer growth by suppressing the PAR1/FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway and enhances the therapeutic effect of 5-FU.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Onofrio A. Catalano, Susanna I. Lee, Chiara Parente, Christy Cauley, Felipe S. Furtado, Robin Striar, Andrea Soricelli, Marco Salvatore, Yan Li, Lale Umutlu, Lina Garcia Canamaque, David Groshar, Umar Mahmood, Lawrence S. Blaszkowsky, David P. Ryan, Jeffrey W. Clark, Jennifer Wo, Theodore S. Hong, Hiroko Kunitake, Liliana Bordeianou, David Berger, Rocco Ricciardi, Bruce Rosen
Summary: The study found that PET/MR outperforms MR in evaluating tumor size, N status, and external sphincter involvement in rectal cancer, providing a more precise assessment and improving clinical decision-making.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Pierpaolo Biondetti, Mark G. Vangel, Rita M. Lahoud, Felipe S. Furtado, Bruce R. Rosen, David Groshar, Lina G. Canamaque, Lale Umutlu, Eric W. Zhang, Umar Mahmood, Subba R. Digumarthy, Jo-Anne O. Shepard, Onofrio A. Catalano
Summary: This study evaluated the sensitivity of PET/MR compared to PET/CT or CT for lung nodule detection, finding that PET/MR has lower sensitivity for small nodules and may miss some nodules, with some of the missed nodules showing growth on follow-up, likely representing metastases. However, this did not impact clinical management in patients with primary abdominal malignancies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Bien Soo Tan, N. Reed Dunnick, Afshin Gangi, Stacy Goergen, Zheng-Yu Jin, Emanuele Neri, Cesar Higa Nomura, R. D. Pitcher, Judy Yee, Umar Mahmood
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed challenges and brought changes to healthcare systems globally, with variations in disease burden, healthcare resources, and testing availability across different locations and time periods. Radiology experts from representative countries shared insights from their local experiences, offering guidance on managing challenges and suggesting ongoing workflow modifications post-pandemic.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jad S. Husseini, Barbara Juarez Amorim, Angel Torrado-Carvajal, Vinay Prabhu, David Groshar, Lale Umutlu, Ken Herrmann, Lina Garcia Canamaque, Jose Ramon Garcia Garzon, William E. Palmer, Pedram Heidari, Tiffany Ting-Fang Shih, Jacob Sosna, Cristina Matushita, Juliano Cerci, Marcelo Queiroz, Valdair Francisco Muglia, Marcello H. Nogueira-Barbosa, Ronald J. H. Borra, Thomas C. Kwee, Andor W. J. M. Glaudemans, Laura Evangelista, Marco Salvatore, Alberto Cuocolo, Andrea Soricelli, Christian Herold, Andrea Laghi, Marius Mayerhoefer, Umar Mahmood, Ciprian Catana, Heike E. Daldrup-Link, Bruce Rosen, Onofrio A. Catalano
Summary: PET/MR offers unique advantages in evaluating skeletal metastases, combining the strengths of MRI and PET for assessment, suitable for metastatic evaluation in various primary malignancies. For staging malignancies with high suspicion of bone metastases, PET/MR should be considered, with appropriate choice of radiopharmaceuticals and adherence to protocols.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Felipe S. Furtado, Mark Z. Wu, Shadi A. Esfahani, Cristina R. Ferrone, Lawrence S. Blaszkowsky, Jeffrey W. Clark, David P. Ryan, Lipika Goyal, Joseph W. Franses, Jennifer Y. Wo, Theodore S. Hong, Motaz Qadan, Kenneth K. Tanabe, Colin D. Weekes, James C. Cusack, Francesco Crafa, Umar Mahmood, Mark A. Anderson, Amirkasra Mojtahed, Peter F. Hahn, Peter Caravan, Aoife Kilcoyne, Mark Vangel, Robin M. Striar, Bruce R. Rosen, Onofrio A. Catalano
Summary: This study aimed to compare positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with standard of care imaging (SCI) for diagnosing peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) in primary abdominopelvic malignancies. The results showed that PET/MRI had higher sensitivity than SCI and frequently led to management changes in cases where PET/MRI findings consistent with PC were missed on SCI.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Shadi A. Esfahani, Cody Callahan, Nicholas J. Rotile, Pedram Heidari, Umar Mahmood, Peter D. Caravan, Aaron K. Grant, Yi-Fen Yen
Summary: This study evaluated the use of hyperpolarized [1-C-13]pyruvate magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (HP-C-13 MRSI) for measuring early metabolic changes and predicting response to pan-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (Pan-TKI) therapy in gastric cancer. The results showed that HP-C-13 MRSI is a more accurate biomarker of early metabolic changes in response to targeted therapy than [F-18]FDG PET.
MOLECULAR IMAGING AND BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Shadi A. Esfahani, Carolina de Aguiar Ferreira, Nicholas J. Rotile, Bahar Ataeinia, Shriya Krishna, Onofrio A. Catalano, Peter Caravan, Yi-Fen Yen, Pedram Heidari, Umar Mahmood
Summary: Quantitative changes in HER3 PET could predict early response to pan-RTKIs in gastric cancer, providing personalized management for patients.
MOLECULAR IMAGING AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Carolina de Aguiar Ferreira, Pedram Heidari, Bahar Ataeinia, Nicoleta Sinevici, Alyssa Granito, Hritik Mahajan Kumar, Eric Wehrenberg-Klee, Umar Mahmood
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have greatly impacted cancer management, but heterogeneous patient response and ICI resistance are common. This study explores the combination of targeted radionuclide therapy with ICI and demonstrates improved treatment outcomes, including curative response and increased overall survival.
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Aileen O'Shea, Amir Iravani, Babak Saboury, Hossein Jadvar, Onofrio Catalano, Umar Mahmood, Pedram Heidari
Summary: This article reviews the application of theranostics in solid-organ malignancies, including somatostatin analogue radioligands for neuroendocrine tumors, PSMA-directed therapy for prostate cancer, and I-131-MIBG therapy for tumors of neural crest origin. It emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary team-based approach for determining the optimal time for therapy delivery and managing patient care throughout the therapeutic course.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yingbing Wang, Andrew Yee, Zachary Bernstein, Elizabeth O'Donnell, Noopur Raje, Umar Mahmood
Summary: In a pilot study, C-11-methionine PET/CT imaging was performed on seven patients with treated multiple myeloma and negative FDG PET/CT. The imaging showed focal uptake corresponding with lytic lesions in five participants, with a range of 2-18 lesions found. These findings suggest a potential role for C-11-methionine PET/CT in detecting residual disease after negative FDG PET/CT and guiding further treatment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Darshini Kuruppu, Deepak Bhere, Christian T. Farrar, Khalid Shah, Anna-Liisa Brownell, Umar Mahmood Umar Mahmood, Kenneth K. Tanabe
Summary: This study investigates the therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) on different stages of breast cancer leptomeningeal metastases growth. The results show that targeting the lag and intermediate phases of the disease can inhibit tumor growth, delay symptoms onset, and extend survival.
CANCER GENE THERAPY
(2023)
Correction
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Darshini Kuruppu, Deepak Bhere, Christian T. Farrar, Khalid Shah, Anna-Liisa Brownell, Umar Mahmood, Kenneth K. Tanabe
CANCER GENE THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Shadi A. Esfahani, Carolina De Aguiar Ferreira, Priska Summer, Umar Mahmood, Pedram Heidari
Summary: In order to improve the treatment response of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), researchers attempted to combine PRRT using [177Lu]DOTATATE with immune checkpoint inhibition therapy. The study found that administering PRRT several days before anti-PD1 treatment had the best therapeutic effect.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Optics
Asier Marcos-Vidal, Pedram Heidari, Sheng Xu, Bradford J. Wood, Umar Mahmood
Summary: This study presents a comparative analysis of two detection technologies for image-guided liver biopsies. The results show that replacing the camera with a photodiode detector improves temporal resolution and makes the device more compact and lighter.
Review
Oncology
Lalitha K. Shankar, Heiko Schoeder, Elad Sharon, Jedd Wolchok, Michael Knopp, Richard L. Wahl, Benjamin M. Ellingson, Nathan C. Hall, Martin J. Yaffe, Alexander J. Towbin, Michael Farwell, Daniel Pryma, Tina Young Poussaint, Chadwick L. Wright, Lawrence Schwartz, Mukesh Harisinghani, Umar Mahmood, Anna M. Wu, David Leung, Elisabeth G. E. de Vries, Ying Tang, Gillian Beach, Steven A. Reeves
Summary: As the field of immuno-oncology continues to grow rapidly, optimizing patient outcomes and improving immunotherapy assessment guidelines and diagnostic imaging tools are crucial for future advancements.