Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Kang Zhang, Xiyao Zhang, Qiang Gao, Meishan Chan, Shilong Zhang, Jifan Li, Wei-Hsin Liao
Summary: In this study, a novel strategy for making ultrahigh energy-dissipation auxetic foam inspired by balloon art was reported. Through finite element analysis, it was found that spherical balloons will turn to reentrant shape when compressed uniaxially in polymer matrix with large Poisson's ratio. By utilizing this knowledge, auxetic silicone foam (ASF) was successfully developed through a well-designed foaming-compression-curing process. ASF exhibits ultrahigh energy dissipation capability of about 2000 kJ/m(3), which is over 80 times higher than conventional auxetic polyurethane foams. It also possesses low water absorption, high chemical and temperature resistance, and thermal responsiveness.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xin Ren, Dong Han, Long Sun, Xue Gang Zhang, Wei Jiang, Zhi Tao, Yi Min Xie, Fan Yang, Guo Xing Lu
Summary: Aluminum foam-filled circular auxetic metamaterials were designed and investigated in this study. The mechanical properties and deformation modes of the proposed aluminum foam-filled auxetic tubes were analyzed using experimental and numerical methods. The energy contribution ratio of the interaction between the aluminum foam and auxetic tube improves with the aluminum foam's density. The AFFAT with a higher ratio of the elliptical major axis to the minor axis has increased compression load efficiency. Among the investigated composite structures, the AFFAT has the highest compression load efficiency.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ge Zhi Fan, Xin Ren, Shi Long Wang, Chen Luo, Yi Min Xie
Summary: In this paper, a novel cement-based auxetic foam composite is designed, fabricated and experimentally investigated. The influence of foam hole density, mass fraction and age on the flexural and compressive strength of the composite is analyzed. The results show that the incorporation of auxetic foam improves the strength and toughness of the composite.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Dong Han, Yi Zhang, Xiang Yu Zhang, Yi Min Xie, Xin Ren
Summary: Novel auxetic tubes (NAT) were designed, fabricated and examined, showing improved specific energy absorption (SEA) without sacrificing the auxetic characteristic. The effect of unit cell parameters on the mechanical properties of NAT tubes was explored, suggesting that rib reduction can enhance SEA without sacrificing the auxetic effect. Three novel ribbed auxetic tubes (NRAT) were proposed, with the addition of a straight rib to the inner long axis of the ellipse found to improve SEA. The larger the straight rib width, the higher the energy absorption. The stability of 3D auxetic tubular metamaterial was found to be greater than that of 2D auxetic thin-plate metamaterial.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Ru Yuan Huo, Dong Han, Yi Zhang, Wei Jiang, Le Yang Fan, Xin Wei Peng, Ge Chen Jie Shi, Ming Hao Chu, Xiang Yu Zhang, Yi Min Xie, Xin Ren
Summary: The incorporation of aluminum foam in auxetic tubes enhances stability, stiffness and energy absorption. This study compared the mechanical properties of auxetic circular and square tubes. The foam-filled auxetic square tube (FFAST) showed the best specific energy absorption (SEA) of 1.45 and exhibited a pronounced auxetic effect. The finite element method was used to analyze FFAST, finding that thinner wall thickness leads to greater SEA and decreasing ellipticity increases yield load and SEA.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Xin Zhang, Xitao Zheng, Luyang Song, Yuanyuan Tian, Di Zhang, Leilei Yan
Summary: This study introduces the use of 3D printing of continuous carbon fiber-reinforced composites to design and fabricate auxetic structures. Experimental investigation and finite element simulation were conducted to analyze the compression characteristics and failure mechanisms. The results show that the transformed configuration significantly affects the compressive properties and deformation behaviors.
COMPOSITES COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Shijun Song, Chao Xiong, Junhui Yin, Zhaoshu Yang, Chao Han, Sa Zhang
Summary: In this study, two new sandwich structures, PMI foam-reinforced CSHS (PRCSHS) and aluminum foam-reinforced CSHS (AFRCSHS), were formed by using PMI foam and aluminum foam as reinforcement materials for filling the cells of carbon fiber-reinforced composite square honeycomb sandwiches (CSHSs). The impact resistance and residual fiexural performance of the composites were compared through low-velocity impact (LVI) and three-point bending (3 PB) experiments. The PRCSHS and AFRCSHS showed significantly improved properties, including increased impact load and energy absorption, as well as enhanced residual fiexural load and energy absorption.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Suchao Xie, Jing Zhang, Xiang Liu, Shiwei Zheng, Zinan Liu
Summary: This study aims to improve the energy absorption performance of thin-walled structures. The crashworthiness of aluminum foam-filled open-hole tubes (AFOTs) and their combined energy-absorbing structure was studied. The effects of open-hole parameters on axial compression characteristics were investigated. The results showed that square holes can effectively reduce the initial peak crushing force (IPCF), but the decrease in IPCF is not exponential with an increase in the number of holes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Dursun Meric, Hasan Gedikli
Summary: This study investigates the energy-absorbing behaviors of hybrid composite tubes under static load and carries out multi-objective optimization studies. Single and double tubes made of different materials are subjected to static compression tests and modeled using the finite element method. The use of foam fillers of varying densities in single and double tubes is also explored, with multi-objective optimization studies aiming to achieve the lowest peak force and highest specific energy absorption.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ivana Bunjan, Kresimir Grilec, Danko Coric
Summary: Aluminum foams reinforced with different steel elements were produced using the AluLight process, and their compression performance was tested. The study found that cylindrical steel mesh had the best effect on energy absorption and efficiency.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xi Hai Ni, Xue Gang Zhang, Dong Han, Yi Zhang, Wei Jiang, Xing Chi Teng, Jian Hao, Xin Ren
Summary: In this study, a double tubular structure composed of auxetic tubular structures and aluminum foam was proposed. The mechanical properties of aluminum foam-filled auxetic tubular structures and conventional tubes were compared under uniaxial compression, both numerically and experimentally. The results showed that the aluminum foam-filled auxetic double tubular structures exhibited stable compression deformation and superior energy absorption, due to the stronger interaction between the aluminum foam and the auxetic tube. Although the bearing capacity of the double tubular structures was lower, it overcame the drawbacks of larger peak force and load fluctuation in conventional tubes.
MECHANICS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Niexin Li, Ziqi Liu, Xingbo Shi, Donglei Fan, Haiping Xing, Jian Qiu, Minggang Li, Tao Tang
Summary: In this study, closed-cell auxetic foams with negative Poisson ratio were successfully prepared directly by introducing NaCl additives and regulating foaming conditions. The presence of NaCl was found to play a crucial role in the formation of the negative Poisson ratio, and the size of the negative Poisson ratio could be controlled by adjusting the amount of NaCl in the foam.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Rajendra Prasad Bohara, Steven Linforth, Tuan Nguyen, Abdallah Ghazlan, Tuan Ngo
Summary: This paper explores lightweight high-performance auxetic structures for protective applications, developing novel designs such as the hourglass structure, braced cross-petal structure, and cross-petal structure. Through analytical design formulations and finite element simulations, the hourglass structure demonstrated superior energy absorption capacity, highlighting its potential for protective applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Olly Duncan, Andrew Alderson, Tom Allen
Summary: The study developed a method to fabricate auxetic closed cell foam using steam processing, controlling cell structure to produce intentionally anisotropic and gradient foam. This foam demonstrated high impact energy absorption, suitable for footwear, prosthetics, and helmets.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Michal Rogala, Miroslaw Ferdynus, Katarzyna Gawdzinska, Pawel Kochmanski
Summary: This study aims to determine the energy absorption coefficients and evaluate the crush resistance of thin-walled aluminum profiles. Numerical simulation and empirical verification were used to analyze the compression results and show an increase in the Crush Load Efficiency (CLE) index. The study also highlighted that the use of porous fill does not increase the initiating Peak Crushing Force (PCF), indicating a safer option for vehicle passengers.
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Jianlin Zhong, Changfang Zhao, Jie Ren, Xinxin Liu, Zhendong Zhang
Summary: There is a lack of constitutive models considering the initial non-linearity of fiber reinforced composites under compression. Through in-plane and out-of-plane compression experiments, the reasons for the initial non-linearity were identified and a nonlinear constitutive model was developed. The results showed that the stress-strain curves with linear and nonlinear models became consistent after the initial nonlinear stage, and the calculation results agreed well with the actual stress path.
APPLIED COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Tang Ziruo, Ma Dawei, Zhou Kedong, Zhong Jianlin, Ren Jie, Zhao Changfang, Zhou Chenying, Zhu Hongwei
Summary: The effect of adding a basalt fiber layer to carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic was studied, and the stress-strain relationship was obtained through experiments. The results showed that the failure strain of the material with the added basalt fiber layer was 45% higher than that of the carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic, and it was dependent on the strain rate.
APPLIED COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhao Changfang, Zhao Changlin, Zhong Jianlin, Zhu Hongwei, Zhang Kebin, Liu Yangzuo
Summary: Auxetic structures, including surface auxetic structures, were studied regarding their mechanical behaviors and energy absorption characteristics through compression simulations and experimental verification. The design of reversed and crimped structures showed both auxetic effect and supermechanical effect in compression.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kebin Zhang, Wenbin Li, Ping Song, Changfang Zhao, Kewen Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the mechanical properties of Sn-58Bi alloy through quasi-static and dynamic testing. It is found that Sn-58Bi alloy is brittle, with a lower tensile yield strength compared to its compressive yield strength. The yield strength of Sn-58Bi alloy increases with increasing strain rate, and a strain-hardening phenomenon occurs at high strain rates. The revised Johnson-Cook constitutive model accurately predicts the mechanical behavior of Sn-58Bi alloy.
MATERIALS RESEARCH EXPRESS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Zhong Jianlin, Ren Rui, Tang Ziruo, Ren Jie, Zhao Changfang
Summary: In this article, experimental analysis and finite element study were conducted to investigate the nonlinear mechanical behavior of thermoset/thermoplastic continuous fiber-reinforced composites at low and medium strain rates. The elastic-plastic principal structure related to the strain rate of the resin material was established, and the mechanical behavior of the resin material at these strain rates was accurately predicted using a numerical finite element simulation.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Zhao Changfang, Lee Heow Pueh, Goh Kheng Lim, Zhong Jianlin, Zhang Kebin, Zhang Zhendong, Ren Jie, Le Guigao
Summary: In this study, a detailed preparation process of negative Poisson's ratio structures (NPRS) was developed, and the compression mechanics and potential engineering applications of carbon fiber reinforced plastics negative Poisson's ratio structure (CFRP + NPRS) were studied.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhao Changfang, Ren Rui, Wei Yi, Yang Guang, He Bin, Zhang Kebin, Zhong Jianlin
Summary: This research found that pores and interfaces in materials play a crucial role in micro-crack propagation, while ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant particles contribute additional interfaces in this process.
MATERIALE PLASTICE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Changfang Zhao, Rui Ren, Jianlin Zhong, Kheng Lim Goh, Kebin Zhang, Zhengdong Zhang, Guigao Le
Summary: The intralaminar crack propagation of unidirectional glass fiber reinforced polymer composite (GFRP) laminate has been investigated using experimental and finite element analysis methods. The results showed that intralaminar crack propagation was accompanied by fiber bridging, and multiple cracks occurred without pre-existing cracks. The use of a blended approach combining the progressive damage model and the extended finite element method can provide insights into the micro-macro failure mechanism.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
C. F. Zhao, K. B. Zhang, C. X. Zhao
Summary: This study proposes a multi-layer metal-diesel closed structure (MLMDCS) to improve the protective performance against high-velocity jets. By using experimental verification and finite element simulation, the anti-jet penetration properties of the MLMDCS are analyzed. The research results show that the MLMDCS has better protective properties compared to the single-layer structure, and the protection is enhanced with an increase in the equivalent layer number.
JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND SCIENCES
(2022)
Correction
Mechanics
Changfang Zhao, Heow Pueh Lee, Kheng Lim Goh, Jianlin Zhong, Kebin Zhong, Zhendong Zhong, Jie Ren, Guigao Le
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Linchuan Guo, Changfang Zhao, Yuli Zhao, Xu Wang
Summary: This paper aims to correct the inaccuracies in the analytical models of auxetic structures and validate the corrected results with finite element analysis simulation.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fuyuan Li, Cungui Yu, Jianlin Zhong, Changfang Zhao
Summary: This paper proposes a design scheme of nacre biomimetic composite (NBC) with interlamination functional gradient, and reveals the influence mechanism of functional gradient on the energy absorption properties of NBC by simulating and comparing the impact response results of different functional gradient groups.
MECHANICS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Changfang Zhao, Kebin Zhang
Summary: In this study, the anti-penetration capability of water filled aluminum alloy cell structure against shaped charge jet (SCJ) was investigated. Two cell structures were designed and simulated, and the results showed that one of the structures had better interference effect on the SCJ. In addition, it was discovered that when the attacked cell structure trapped the shock wave, it did not affect the safety of other cells.
FUNCTIONAL COMPOSITES AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Hongwei Zhu, Changfang Zhao
Summary: This study focused on the anti-penetration effect of sandwich composite armor with ceramic honeycomb structures filled with aluminum alloy under the impact of high-speed projectiles. Numerical simulation was used to analyze the penetration resistance of three different armor structures, with structure C showing superior performance in blocking high-speed projectiles. The velocity reduction ratio was proposed as an index to evaluate the penetration resistance performance of the armor.
JOURNAL OF DEFENSE MODELING AND SIMULATION-APPLICATIONS METHODOLOGY TECHNOLOGY-JDMS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Rawan Aqel, Patrick Severson, Rani Elhajjar
Summary: A novel core splice joint configuration for composite sandwich structures is studied and proposed to improve the strength and toughness. Experimental and numerical efforts show that this configuration can significantly increase the ultimate strength by 13% to 51% and the toughness by 2% to 35%.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Xianheng Wang, Cong Chen, Jinsong Zhang, Xinming Qiu
Summary: In this paper, a new form-finding method based on spatial elastica model (FMSE) is proposed for elastic gridshells. The method integrates the deformations of elastic rods into the overall deformation of the gridshell, and solves a set of transcendental equations using the quasi-Newton method to ensure the deformation satisfies the given boundary conditions. The method is validated through experiments and expected to have potential applications in the investigations of elastic gridshells.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Hao Huang, Zitong Guo, Zhongde Shan, Zheng Sun, Jianhua Liu, Dong Wang, Wang Wang, Jiale Liu, Chenchen Tan
Summary: The conventional evaluation of 3D braided composites' mechanical properties through numerical and experimental methodologies hinders material application due to the expenses, time constraints, and laborious efforts involved. This study establishes a multi-scale finite element model and a surrogate model for predicting the elastic properties of 3D4D rotary braided composites with voids. By optimizing a neural network model, the results are validated and provide valuable insights into the microstructure and properties of these composites.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Xinyu Li, Hao Zhang, Haiyang Yang, Junrong Luo, Zhongmin Xiao, Hongshuai Lei
Summary: Due to their excellent mechanical properties and design flexibility, fluted-core composite sandwich structures have gained significant attention in aerospace and rail transit applications. This study investigated the free-vibration characteristics and optimized design of composite fluted-core sandwich cylinders through theoretical models and experimental tests.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Chao Li, Chunzheng Duan, Xiaodong Tian, Chao Wang
Summary: A mechanistic model considering the bottom edge cutting effect and the anisotropic characteristics of the material is proposed in this paper to accurately predict cutting forces. The model was validated through a series of milling experiments and can be used to predict the cutting force of various parts of the cutter and any feed direction.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Camila Sanches Schimidt, Leopoldo Pisanelli Rodrigues de Oliveira, Carlos De Marqui Jr
Summary: This work investigates the vibro-acoustic performance of graded piezoelectric metamaterial plates. The study shows that piezoelectric metamaterial plates with reconfigurable properties can provide enhanced vibration and sound power attenuation.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Jun Ke, Li-jie Liu, Zhen-yu Wu, Zhong-ping Le, Luo Bao, Dong-wei Luo
Summary: Compared with other green natural fibers, ramie has higher mechanical properties and lower cost. In this study, ramie and glass fiber are made into composite circular tubes. The results show that the hybrid circular tube with ramie and glass fiber has improved torsional mechanical properties and reduced weight and cost. The failure mechanisms are affected by the loading direction and the content of each fiber.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Natalia Pingaro, Gabriele Milani
Summary: This paper proposes an enhanced analytical model for predicting the behavior of FRCM samples tested under standard tensile tests. The model takes into account the interaction between fibers and matrix through the interface, and assumes different material properties at different phases. By solving a second order linear differential equation, an analytical solution can be obtained. The model is validated with experimental data and shows good predictability.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Jialiang Fan, Anastasios P. Vassilopoulos, Veronique Michaud
Summary: This article investigates the effects of voids, joint geometry, and test conditions on the fracture performance of thick adhesive Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) joints. It concludes that grooved DCB joints with low void content tested at low displacement rates showed stable crack propagation without significant crack path deviation.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Auwalu I. Mohammed, Kaarthikeyan Raghupathy, Osvaldo De Victoria Garcia Baltazar, Lawson Onokpasah, Roger Carvalho, Anders Mogensen, Farzaneh Hassani, James Njuguna
Summary: This study investigates the performance of composite pressure vessels under damaged and undamaged conditions, providing insights into their reliability and residual strength capabilities. The results demonstrate that the damage profile and its effect on compressive strength are similar between damaged and non-damaged cylinders. When subjected to quasi-static compression, the polyethylene liner absorbs enough elastic strain energy to recover without plastic deformation. Additionally, quasi-static compression has little to no influence on the axial strength of the cylinders. The damage characterization reveals fiber breakage, delamination, local buckling, and brooming failure. This study has direct implications for the safety design tolerances, manufacturing strategies, and operational failure conditions of composite overwrapped pressure vessels (COPVs).
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Muhammad Irfan Shirazi, Samir Khatir, Djilali Boutchicha, Magd Abdel Wahab
Summary: Structural health monitoring is important to ensure the safety of components and structures. This study proposes a method using finite element models and 1D-CNN network to extract and classify vibration responses for crack detection. The results show that the proposed approach is effective in real-time damage detection.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Maryam Mirsalehi, Kiarash Kianpour, Sharif Shahbeyk, Mohammad Bakhshi
Summary: This study comprehensively investigates the one-way response of 3D-woven sandwich panels (3DWSPs) and their interfering parameters, providing interpretation of elastic and failure results, failure maps, and reliable theoretical models for linear elastic response and observed failure mechanisms.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Yiming Zhao, Zhonggang Wang, Zhigang Yang, Bin Qin
Summary: The paper proposes a Ritz and statistical energy analysis (Ritz SEA) hybrid method for calculating rectangular plate acoustic vibration coupling in the mid-frequency range. This method combines the fast convergence and ability to handle arbitrary boundary conditions of the Ritz method with the power flow equation of the statistical energy analysis method. The results show that this approach effectively filters out random fluctuations in mid-frequency domains while demonstrating exceptional stability and precision.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Joao Henrique Fonseca, Woojung Jang, Dosuck Han, Naksoo Kim, Hyungyil Lee
Summary: This study addresses the enhancement of an injection-molded fiber-reinforced plastic / metal hybrid automotive structure and its plastic injection molding process through the integration of the finite element method, artificial intelligence, and evolutionary search methods. Experimental validation of finite element models, the generation of a database through orthogonal array and Latin hypercube methods, and the training of artificial neural networks are conducted. The genetic optimization algorithm is then applied to identify optimal process parameters. The results show significant reduction in product warpage and manufacturing time while maintaining structural strength, contributing to the advancement of composite automotive structures with superior quality.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Alessandro Vescovini, Carina Xiaochen Li, Javier Paz Mendez, Bo Cheng Jin, Andrea Manes, Chiara Bisagni
Summary: This paper presents a study on six single-stringer specimens manufactured using the card-sliding technique with non-crimp fabrics and adopting a Double-Double (DD) stacking sequence. The specimens were tested under compression loading conditions to investigate post-buckling and failure in aerospace structures. Experimental results and numerical simulations were compared to analyze the behavior and failure modes of the specimens. The study found promising evidence of a viable solution to optimize aeronautical structures and enhance resistance to skin-stringer separation, particularly with the use of tapered flanges.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2024)
