Stretchable conductors for stretchable field-effect transistors and functional circuits

Stretchable electronics have received intense attention due to their broad application prospects in many areas, and can withstand large deformations and form close contact with curved surfaces. Stretchable conductors are vital components of stretchable electronic devices used in wearables, soft robots, and human-machine interactions. Recent advances in stretchable conductors have motivated basic scientific and technological research efforts. Here, we outline and analyse the development of stretchable conductors in transistors and circuits, and examine advances in materials, device engineering, and preparation technologies. We divide the existing approaches to constructing stretchable transistors with stretchable conductors into the following two types: geometric engineering and intrinsic stretchability engineering. Finally, we consider the challenges and outlook in this field for delivering stretchable electronics.

Automated summary

Stretchable electronics, particularly stretchable conductors, have attracted significant attention due to their potential applications in wearables, soft robots, and human-machine interactions. This article outlines the development of stretchable conductors in transistors and circuits, discussing advances in materials, device engineering, and preparation technologies. It also categorizes the existing approaches to constructing stretchable transistors into geometric engineering and intrinsic stretchability engineering. The challenges and outlook in the field of stretchable electronics are also considered.