Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
Volume 298, Issue -, Pages 63-70Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2016.06.002
Keywords
Complement; Demyelination; Glutamate; Neuromyelitis optica; Potassium channel; Water channel protein aquaporin-4
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Funding
- national natural science grant [81200979, 81571103]
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Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a recurrent inflammatory disease that preferentially targets the optic nerves and spinal cord. The presence of antibodies to the water channel protein aquaporin-4 (AQP4), expressed almost exclusively in astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS), is a reliable biomarker for NMO. These antibodies, NMO-IgG, may be responsible for the sequential cascade of immune events, including IgG/IgM deposition, infiltration of granulocytes and complement-mediated cytotoxicity (i.e. astrocyte loss) and demyelination. This review summarizes current thinking about the role of NMO-IgG in the pathogenesis of this condition. New insights were also generated along with important additional questions. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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