MHD flow and heat transfer of fractional Maxwell viscoelastic nanofluid over a moving plate

This paper studies the unsteady boundary layer flow and heat transfer of a fractional Maxwell viscoelastic nanofluid over a moving plate. The nonlinear fractional boundary layer governing equations of nanofluid are formulated with time dependent fractional derivatives in the convection terms, which are solved by finite difference method combined with an L1-algorithm. The influences of involved parameters (fractional derivative parameters, relaxation times, magnetic parameter and the volume fraction of nanoparticles) on the velocity and temperature fields are presented graphically. Results show that the convection flow and heat transfer are enhanced by the velocity and temperature relaxation time, but weakened by the velocity and temperature fractional derivative parameters, respectively. Moreover, the average Nusselt number increases with the rise of the fractional derivative parameters, while the average skin friction coefficient is only affected by the velocity fractional derivative parameter. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.