Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mehreen Ghias, Syed Wadood Ali Shah, Fakhria A. Al-Joufi, Mohammad Shoaib, Syed Muhammad Mukarram Shah, Muhammad Naeem Ahmed, Muhammad Zahoor
Summary: This study investigates the antioxidant and antistress effects of synthetic flavonoids. The results show significant antioxidant potential in vitro and the ability to mitigate the negative effects of stress in vivo.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Adrieli Sachett, Matheus Gallas-Lopes, Radharani Benvenutti, Matheus Marcon, Gean Pablo S. Aguiar, Ana Paula Herrmann, J. Vladimir Oliveira, Anna M. Siebel, Angelo Piato
Summary: Curcumin has been shown to have various beneficial properties, but its low bioavailability limits its therapeutic potential. Micronization can enhance the bioavailability by reducing particle size. In this study, micronized curcumin exhibited superior antioxidant effects both in vitro and in vivo compared to regular curcumin. However, it was unable to fully block the behavioral effects induced by chronic stress.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Melinda Hersey, Melissa Reneaux, Shane N. Berger, Sergio Mena, Anna Marie Buchanan, Yangguang Ou, Navid Tavakoli, Lawrence P. Reagan, Claudia Clopath, Parastoo Hashemi
Summary: This study investigates two chemical biomarkers of chronic stress, histamine and serotonin, and suggests their importance in the pathology and treatment of inflammation-induced depression.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jessica Gabriele da Silva Marques, Flavia Tasmin Techera Antunes, Lucimar Fillot da Silva Brum, Claudia Pedron, Iasmine Berbigier de Oliveira, Alexandre de Barros Falca Ferraz, Maria Isabel Morgan Martins, Eliane Dallegrave, Alessandra Hubner de Souza
Summary: Curcumin has demonstrated antidepressant and antioxidant effects in a mice model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). The compound showed both in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effects, as well as prevented depressive-like behavior and exhibited anxiolytic effects. The study highlights the potential adaptogenic properties of curcumin in combating stress-related disorders.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Catarina Correia, Luciano Alcobia, Manuel Jose Lopes, Ana Margarida Advinha
Summary: The objective of this study was to identify, describe, characterize, and classify the scientific evidence regarding the use of pharmacogenomic biomarkers in antidepressant treatment. The study involved two phases: a search for pharmacogenomic biomarkers in authorized antidepressant drugs in Portugal, and a systematic literature review to identify relevant biomarkers and classify evidence and recommendation grades.
Article
Cell Biology
Colby E. Witt, Sergio Mena, Lauren E. Honan, Lauren Batey, Victoria Salem, Yangguang Ou, Parastoo Hashemi
Summary: This study used fast-scan controlled-adsorption voltammetry (FSCAV) to measure low-periodicity fluctuations in serotonin levels in mouse hippocampi. Correlation analyses revealed that these oscillations were present in vivo but not in vitro, and were not significantly different under different conditions (sex and stress paradigm). The administration of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor resulted in a shift in the frequency of the oscillations, suggesting regulation by transporter proteins. Additionally, the experimental parameters of FSCAV were optimized for higher temporal resolution, leading to more pronounced shifts in oscillation frequency and decreased amplitude.
Article
Neurosciences
Brunno Rocha Levone, John F. Cryan, Olivia F. O'Leary
Summary: Studies have shown that different sub-regions of the hippocampus play distinct roles in stress responses, with the intermediate hippocampus playing a predominant role in stress-induced social avoidance, and the ventral sub-region having a predominant role in active coping behaviors and antidepressant-like behavior.
Review
Neurosciences
Jianfeng Liu
Summary: The stress system in the brain plays a crucial role in protecting humans and animals from harmful stimuli. Excessive stress can lead to maladaptive changes in the stress system and result in depression. Recent evidence suggests that PKM zeta is involved in stress response and depressive-like behavior, and it could be a molecular target for developing novel antidepressants.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Jessica C. Mota, Patricia P. Almeida, Monica Q. Freitas, Milena B. Stockler-Pinto, Jonas T. Guimaraes
Summary: This review discusses the relationship between in vitro antioxidant potential evaluation of food/food compounds and the observed effects in vivo. It also examines the effects of consuming antioxidant-rich foods on oxidative stress biomarkers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haya Hussain, Shujaat Ahmad, Syed Wadood Ali Shah, Abid Ullah, Shafiq Ur Rahman, Manzoor Ahmad, Mazen Almehmadi, Osama Abdulaziz, Mamdouh Allahyani, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Mustafa Halawi, Edrous Alamer
Summary: The study found that mono-carbonyl curcumin analogues h2 and h3 with methoxy and chloro-substituents, respectively, showed promising antioxidant activities in vitro and significantly decreased oxidative stress and memory impairment in in vivo mouse models.
Article
Cell Biology
Ana R. Machado-Santos, Eduardo Loureiro-Campos, Patricia Patricio, Bruna Araujo, Nuno Dinis Alves, Antonio Mateus-Pinheiro, Joana Sofia Correia, Monica Morais, Joao M. Bessa, Nuno Sousa, Ana J. Rodrigues, Joao Filipe Oliveira, Luisa Pinto
Summary: This study investigates the importance of de novo generated astrocytes in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression, revealing the potential of newborn astrocytes as therapeutic targets for future depression treatments.
Article
Immunology
Andreas Menke, Felix Nitschke, Anna Hellmuth, Jacqueline Helmel, Catherina Wurst, Saskia Stonawski, Manuel Blickle, Carolin Weiss, Heike Weber, Leif Hommers, Katharina Domschke, Juergen Deckert
Summary: This study investigates the effects of childhood trauma and severe events later in life on the stress-response systems of the body in depressed patients. Severe recent life events were found to impair the stress-response systems and treatment response in patients with major depressive disorder. Additional treatment options, such as psychotherapy or immune-modulating approaches, may be needed for patients with a history of severe life events.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Julia Novaes Matias, Gabriela Achete, Gyovanna Sorrentino dos Santos Campanari, Elen Landgraf Guiguer, Adriano Cressoni Araujo, Daiene Santos Buglio, Sandra Maria Barbalho
Summary: Studies have shown that curcumin can improve depressive and anxiety behaviors, increase monoamines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels, reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and prevent neuronal apoptosis in the brain. Additionally, curcumin can enhance insulin sensitivity, lower cortisol levels, and reverse metabolic abnormalities.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tapan Behl, Tarapati Rana, Ghallab H. Alotaibi, Md Shamsuzzaman, Maaz Naqvi, Aayush Sehgal, Sukhbir Singh, Neelam Sharma, Yosif Almoshari, Ahmed A. H. Abdellatif, Muhammad Shahid Iqbal, Saurabh Bhatia, Ahmed Al-Harrasi, Simona Bungau
Summary: Depression is characterized by increased inflammation and oxidative stress. Natural polyphenols play a vital role in regulating cell signaling pathways related to oxidative stress and inflammation, demonstrating their potential in preventing and treating depressive disorder. Understanding the mechanism of polyphenols in cell signaling pathways is essential for developing novel compounds for depression treatment.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haya Hussain, Shujaat Ahmad, Syed Wadood Ali Shah, Mehreen Ghias, Abid Ullah, Shafiq Ur Rahman, Zul Kamal, Farman Ali Khan, Nasir Mehmood Khan, Juma Muhammad, Mazen Almehmadi, Osama Abdulaziz, Saad Alghamdi
Summary: This study synthesized five mono-carbonyl curcumin analogs and found that two of them significantly inhibited cholinesterases in vivo and improved memory in mice. Molecular docking study confirmed the mechanism of cholinesterase inhibition for these compounds.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tayyaba Behram, Sidra Pervez, Muhammad Asif Nawaz, Shujaat Ahmad, Amin Ullah Jan, Haneef Ur Rehman, Shahbaz Ahmad, Nasir Mehmood Khan, Farman Ali Khan
Summary: To enhance the operational stability and reusability of B. subtilis pectinase, it was immobilized on iron oxide nanocarrier. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized through co-precipitation, and their characteristics were analyzed using SEM and EDEX. Glutaraldehyde was used as a crosslinking agent to immobilize pectinase on the iron oxide nanocarrier. The immobilized pectinase exhibited higher enzymatic activity, improved catalytic stability, and enhanced thermal stability, making it economically viable for industrial use.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Arpita Roy, Srijal Kunwar, Utsav Bhusal, Saad Alghamdi, Mazen Almehmadi, Hayaa M. Alhuthali, Mamdouh Allahyani, Md. Jamal Hossain, Md. Abir Hasan, Md. Moklesur Rahman Sarker, Mohd Fahami Nur Azlina
Summary: Nanoparticles less than 100 nm in size have attracted considerable interest in various fields due to their unique physical and chemical characteristics. Trimetallic nanoparticles have shown superior catalytic, biomedical, antimicrobial, active food packaging, and sensing applications compared to monometallic or bimetallic nanoparticles. However, the chemical and physical methods currently used for synthesizing these nanoparticles are expensive and environmentally toxic. This review provides an overview of the synthesis of trimetallic nanoparticles using biological agents and explores their applications in areas such as anticancer, antimicrobial activity, drug delivery, and catalytic activity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ting-ting Liu, Yan-kun Chen, Muhammad Adil, Mazen Almehmadi, Fahad M. Alshabrmi, Mamdouh Allahyani, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Pei Liu, Muhammad Raheel Khan, Qinghua Peng
Summary: IL-1 beta mediates inflammation and regulates immune responses, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Dysregulation of IL-1 beta is linked to inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Elevated IL-1 beta levels are found in patients with severe COVID-19, indicating its excessive production may worsen the disease. Also, dry eye disease patients show high IL-1 beta levels in tears and conjunctival epithelium. Therefore, IL-1 beta signaling is a potential therapeutic targeting for COVID-19 and aforementioned diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mazen Almehmadi, Ihtisham Ul Haq, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Fahad M. Alshabrmi, Osama Abdulaziz, Mamdouh Allahyani, Mohammed Aladhadh, Alaa Shafie, Abdulelah Aljuaid, Rema Turki Alotaibi, Jawad Ullah, Nada Saud Alharthi
Summary: Replication of Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) requires the presence of a metal-dependent endonuclease at the C-terminus of pUL89. In this study, virtual screening and MD simulation were used to identify potential small molecule antagonists of pUL89. The predicted binding modes showed that the selected compounds bind well to the endonuclease domain by chelating with the metal ions and crucial residues. This in silico investigation provides a promising starting point for further in vitro and in vivo studies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abdulelah Aljuaid, Mazen Almehmadi, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Mamdouh Allahyani, Osama Abdulaziz, Abdulaziz Alsharif, Jawaher Amer Alsaiari, Magdi Saih, Rema Turki Alotaibi, Idrees Khan
Summary: Industrial effluents containing dyes, especially methylene orange (MO) dye, are major pollutants in water bodies, posing risks to human health and aquatic organisms. Photocatalytic degradation using g-C3N4 as a metal-free semiconductor photocatalyst has emerged as an effective and economical approach for removing MO dye from water. Different modification strategies, such as nanocomposites, heterojunctions, doping, and defect introductions, have been adopted to enhance the efficiency of g-C3N4 in photodegradation. This review discusses these modification approaches, the mechanism of photodegradation, and provides future perspectives for the development of efficient g-C3N4-based photocatalysts.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mazen M. Almehmadi, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Mohammad Asif
Summary: A series of 4-arylidene-2-phenyl-6-(aryl)-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-one derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as antimycobacterial agents. The compounds showed significant antimycobacterial activity, with compound 3g exhibiting the highest activity. Compounds 3b, 3b', 3e, 3e', and 3g' showed moderate activity compared to the reference drugs isoniazid and streptomycin.
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohd Imran, Mazen Almehmadi, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Mehnaz Kamal, Mohammed Kanan Alshammari, Mohammed Omar Alzahrani, Faisal Khaled Almaysari, Abdulrahman Omar Alzahrani, Ahmed Faraj Elkerdasy, Sachin Kumar Singh
Summary: A mucoadhesive microemulsion was developed for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. The microemulsion was optimized using central composite design to achieve desired characteristics. Addition of chitosan improved the properties of the microemulsion. In vitro experiments showed that the microemulsion was non-toxic and had superior permeability. Behavioral and biochemical assessments confirmed the significant neuroprotection provided by the microemulsion in treated rats.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Abid Ullah, Shujaat Ahmad, Niaz Ali, Haya Hussain, Mamdouh Allahyani, Mazen Almehmadi, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Osama Abdulaziz, Feras Almarshad, Syeda Hajira Bukhari
Summary: This study assessed the impact of moxifloxacin and gemifloxacin on QT intervals in cardiac patients. The findings showed that moxifloxacin caused a significantly greater prolongation of QT interval compared to gemifloxacin. It is concluded that both drugs have the potential for QT interval prolongation, caution should be exercised when prescribing them to cardiac patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nasir Mehmood Khan, Misbah Uddin, Ebenezer Ola Falade, Farman Ali Khan, Jian Wang, Muhammad Shafique, Reem M. Alnemari, Maram H. Abduljabbar, Shujaat Ahmad
Summary: This research focuses on the production of amylose-lipid nanocomposite material (ALN) through a green synthesis technique and investigates its distinctive physicochemical features and potential applications. The ALN demonstrates low glycemic index and high resistance starch values, making it suitable for low-glycemic gelling and functional food ingredients. The study also explores the ALN's ability to absorb anthocyanins, indicating its potential for various applications.
Article
Immunology
Raihan Rahman Imon, Abdus Samad, Rahat Alam, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Md. Enamul Kabir Talukder, Mazen Almehmadi, Foysal Ahammad, Farhan Mohammad
Summary: This study aimed to design a novel multiepitope vaccine candidate against Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) caused by human Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV). The selected epitopes of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, helper T lymphocytes, and linear B lymphocytes corresponding to the virus were linked with linkers and adjuvant for vaccine construction. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations showed strong binding interactions between vaccine candidates and human Toll-like receptor 4. Computer-aided immune simulation found real-life-like immune response of vaccine candidates. Codon optimization facilitated the cloning of the vaccine candidates into the pET28+(a) cloning vector. The developed vaccine candidate is anticipated to augment the immune response and combat the virus effectively.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mohammad Shahbaz Khan, Waqar Hanif, Nada Alsakhen, Basit Jabbar, Israa M. Shamkh, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Mazen Almehmadi, Saad Alghamdi, Afnan Shakoori, Dunia A. Al Farraj, Saeedah Musaed Almutairi, Yasser Hussein Issa Mohammed, Amr S. Abouzied, Aziz-Ur Rehman, Bader Huwaimel
Summary: This study identified differentially expressed genes and isoform switching between estrogen receptor positive and triple negative breast cancer samples. The differential usage of isoforms in immune system related genes suggests immunosuppression due to dysregulation of CXCR chemokine receptor binding, iron ion binding, and cytokine activity.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mazen Almehmadi, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Mamdouh Allahyani, Abdulaziz Alsharif, Mohammad Asif
Summary: A series of 2-aryl-6-(phenylamino)pyridazin-3(2H)-one derivatives were synthesized by reacting aniline with maleic anhydride followed by reaction with appropriate aryl hydrazine. The synthesized compounds were identified using mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR, and other methods. The compounds exhibited promising anticonvulsant activities against MES and scPTZ-induced convulsions, making them potential candidates for further drug design studies.
LATIN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohammad Saquib Ashraf, Abdulaziz Alsharif, Mazen Almehmadi, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Mamdouh Allahyani, Abdulelah Aljuaid, Mohammad Asif
Summary: Rhizomes of Curculigo orchioides Gaerten. (Hypoxidaceae) were extracted with hydroalcoholic solvent and separated into alkaloidal and non-alkaloidal fractions. Both fractions showed dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects, with the alkaloidal fraction being more effective in HRBC method and the non-alkaloidal fraction being more effective in PD method. The study also identified various phytochemicals in C. orchioides that may contribute to its anti-inflammatory action.
LATIN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mazen Almehmadi, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Alaa Shafie, Mohammad Asif
Summary: In this study, two series of N-arylidene-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine derivatives (3a-e) and N-arylidene-5-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine derivatives (3f-j) were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity. The structures of the synthesized compounds were determined by IR, 1HNMR, and Mass spectral measurements. All compounds exhibited significant activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
LATIN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Mazen Mohammed Almehmadi, Mohammad Asif
Summary: A series of novel 1-(5-(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-3-chloro-4-aryl-azetidin-2-one derivatives (3a-f) were synthesized and their antimicrobial activity was evaluated. The compounds were synthesized in three steps: cyclization reaction, condensation reaction, and chlorination reaction. The synthesized compounds exhibited moderate to good antibacterial activity against some pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains.
LATIN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY
(2023)