Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Serena Fragiotta, Maria D. Pinazo-Duran, Gianluca Scuderi
Summary: Recent evidence suggests that neurodegeneration plays a crucial role in the development of diabetic retinopathy. The apoptosis of neuronal cells contributes to microvascular impairment and blood-retinal barrier breakdown. Targeting neurodegeneration represents an early intervention strategy to prevent the progression of microvascular alterations. Multimodal imaging and functional assessment can help identify neuronal damage before the onset of retinopathy. Clinical features of neurodegeneration are important in identifying high-risk patients and assessing treatment efficacy. Topical compounds acting on different elements of the pathological cascade show promise in targeting neurodegeneration, with brimonidine, somatostatin, and citicoline being tested in human clinical trials.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David Kaawa-Mafigiri, Mary Nsereko, Michael Odie, John L. Johnson
Summary: This study assessed perceptions and reasons for participation in research bronchoscopy studies in a high TB burden urban setting and identified areas of concern among healthy adults. In-depth interviews were conducted with participants before and after the bronchoscopy procedure. The study found that many participants were willing to participate in bronchoscopy for the purpose of free health checks and determining their health status. However, therapeutic misconception still played a pivotal role in willingness to participate, highlighting the ethical and research implications in clinical research.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Katharina van Stein, Kathrin Schubert, Beate Ditzen, Cornelia Weise
Summary: Endometriosis is the second most common gynecological disease, causing severe pain, vegetative impairment, and infertility. This review utilizes the Research Domain Criteria framework to explore the connection between immune/endocrinological dysregulation, pain chronification processes, and psychological symptoms. The paper discusses potential treatment approaches and the need for further research to understand the interdependence of factors involved in the chronic development of endometriosis. Standard care should be expanded to address pain, psychological burden, and social isolation in order to improve patients' quality of life.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Kylie Tingley, Doug Coyle, Ian D. Graham, Pranesh Chakraborty, Kumanan Wilson, Beth K. Potter
Summary: Stakeholders in rare disease research have different perspectives but share concerns about risks and benefits when making decisions at both individual and population levels. Patients and caregivers participate in research not solely for therapeutic misconception, but for advancing science and sharing experiences. Physicians struggle with the dual role of patient advisor and evaluator of evidence, while policy advisors focus on critically appraising evidence to guide health system recommendations.
ORPHANET JOURNAL OF RARE DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Ethics
Jana Reetz, Gesine Richter, Christoph Borzikowsky, Christine Glinicke, Stephanie Darabaneanu, Alena Buyx
Summary: The study evaluated a template consent form designed by the German-Research-Ethics-Committees to inform adolescents about research participation and investigated associated phenomena like therapeutic misconception and motives for research participation. The results showed that while participants generally had a good understanding of foundational research ethics concepts, there was susceptibility to therapeutic misconception. Motivational factors for research participation included own health concerns and pro-social considerations, while anticipation of pain lessened likelihood of participation. Trusted advice from others and data security were also important decisional influences.
BMC MEDICAL ETHICS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ji-Young Lee, Sara M. St George, Torsten B. Neilands, Allan Rodriguez, Daniel J. Feaster, Adam W. Carrico
Summary: Willingness to participate in biomedical research among people living with HIV is influenced by various factors, including invitation by primary care providers and sharing of research results, but also potential undue influence from providers. Altruism and personal benefit were identified as facilitators, while medication changes, confidentiality, and stigma were identified as barriers to participation in HIV biomedical research.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Dian Fan, Xu Wang, Zhixian Shi, Yuting Jiang, Bohao Zheng, Lian Xu, Shengtao Zhou
Summary: The etiology of endometriosis is not clear but immune dysregulation may play a role in promoting the survival and growth of retrograde endometrial fragments. Deficient cytotoxicity in peritoneal macrophages and natural killer cells, as well as abnormal cytokine production by T cells, contribute to chronic inflammation and endometriosis development.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guowei Xu, Shanyong Wang, Dingtao Zhao
Summary: This research found that consumer's driving experience has a significant and positive impact on EVs adoption intention, as well as on consumer's satisfaction. However, it does not have a significant effect on trust. In addition, satisfaction has a significantly positive effect on trust, and both satisfaction and trust are significantly and positively associated with EVs adoption intention.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Win Sen Heng, Frank A. E. Kruyt, Shiau-Chuen Cheah
Summary: Lung cancer, one of the deadliest cancers, can be effectively reduced through prevention measures, though treatment improvements are still needed to address therapeutic resistance caused by cancer stem cells; phytochemicals in plant-based diets are believed to have efficacy in targeting lung cancer stem cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Meghan C. Halley, Jennifer L. Young, Charis Tang, Kevin T. Mintz, Sawyer Lucas-Griffin, AudreyStephannie Maghiro, Euan A. Ashley, Holly K. Tabor, Undiagnosed Diseases Network
Summary: This study aims to explore the perspectives of parents of undiagnosed children enrolled in genomic diagnosis research, including their motivations for enrolling, their understanding of the potential burdens and benefits, and the extent to which their experiences aligned with their expectations. In-depth interviews were conducted, and themes were identified through coding and iterative memoing. The findings suggest that parents of undiagnosed children may have a diagnostic misconception and highlight the need for appropriate communication and balance of the potential burdens and benefits of study participation.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Ethics
Sarah Heynemann, Wendy Lipworth, Sue-Anne Mclachlan, Jennifer Philip, Tom John, Ian Kerridge
Summary: Clinical trials are crucial for generating evidence and improving patient outcomes, but participants often face trade-offs and misunderstandings, leading to the 'therapeutic misconception'. The evolution of clinical trials and healthcare challenges the significance of this misconception and calls for a re-examination of the ethics surrounding trial access, participant selection, communication, consent, and role delineation.
Article
Oncology
Eli R. Abernethy, Gavin P. Campbell, Rachel S. Hianik, Mary Catherine Thomson, Shannon M. Blee, Hannah C. Sibold, Margie D. Dixon, Jeffrey M. Switchenko, Rebecca D. Pentz
Summary: Therapeutic Misconception (TM) refers to the confusion between research subjects' understanding of clinical research goals and standard personal care. Recent research showed that only 12% of patients definitely exhibited TM, much lower than previous findings, indicating a potential decrease in TM prevalence.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jiani Fan, Wenzhuo Yang, Ziyao Liu, Jiawen Kang, Dusit Niyato, Kwok-Yan Lam, Hongyang Du
Summary: A smart city is a concept that aims to better serve residents through new technology. This article focuses on four major smart city domains: smart utility, smart transportation, smart homes, and smart healthcare. However, the existing smart city IoT solutions often lack appropriate security strategies. The objective of this article is to provide application designers with the missing security link they may need in order to improve their security designs.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vincenzo Lionetti, Sveva Bollini, Raffaele Coppini, Andrea Gerbino, Alessandra Ghigo, Guido Iaccarino, Rosalinda Madonna, Fabio Mangiacapra, Michele Miragoli, Francesco Moccia, Luca Munaron, Pasquale Pagliaro, Astrid Parenti, Teresa Pasqua, Claudia Penna, Federico Quaini, Carmine Rocca, Michele Samaja, Laura Sartiani, Teresa Soda, Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti, Tommaso Angelone
Summary: Research indicates that during the COVID-19 pandemic, HBA dysfunction in critically ill patients plays a crucial role and may exacerbate the development of MODS, potentially affecting the prognosis of COVID-19 patients.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
[Anonymous]
Summary: The Study Participant's Bill of Rights calls for researchers in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias to proactively design clinical studies that allow participants to choose whether they want to learn their individual research results, while ensuring the integrity of the study. This framework, developed by the Multi-Regional Clinical Trials Return of Individual Research Results, provides a useful context for researchers to plan their studies and disclosure.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Marie E. Nicolini, Chris Gastmans, Scott Y. H. Kim
Summary: The gender gap in the preponderance of women who request and receive euthanasia and assisted suicide based on psychiatric condition has not been thoroughly explored. This gap may provide insights into a key point of debate in the controversial practice, namely its conflict with suicide prevention.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ank de Jonge, Raymond De Vries, Eugene Declercq
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Geriatrics & Gerontology
David Wendler, Scott Y. H. Kim
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eugene Declercq, Anneke Wolterink, Rachel Rowe, Ank de Jonge, Raymond De Vries, Marianne Nieuwenhuijze, Corine Verhoeven, Neel Shah
Summary: This study examined the differences in gestational age and birth timing patterns between the U.S., England, and the Netherlands in 2020. The findings showed that the gestational age distribution in the U.S. decreased over time and was different from England and the Netherlands. The timing of births in hospitals also varied between the countries. These results suggest the importance of organizational models in influencing perinatal outcomes and recommend the adoption of models similar to England and the Netherlands in the U.S. to improve outcomes.
Editorial Material
Psychology, Clinical
Brent M. Kious, Benjamin R. Lewis, Scott Y. H. Kim
Summary: Psychiatrists are obligated to trust their patients but there are concerns that they perpetrate epistemic injustice. While there is a risk of injustice, most concerns regarding psychiatry being epistemically unjust are unfounded. Psychiatrists should resist calls for changes to clinical practice based on this criticism.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Pediatrics
Sarah Z. Raskoff, Audrey Thurm, Helga O. Miguel, Scott Y. H. Kim, Zenaide M. N. Quezado
Summary: Children and adolescents with severe intellectual disabilities face inequities in pain-related care, while there is little research focused on this population. This Viewpoint addresses the ethical challenges of conducting pain research in these individuals, including the lack of suitable assessment methods and the inability to obtain informed consent or assent. The existing ethical guidelines provide some guidance, but this Viewpoint highlights additional points for designing, conducting, reviewing, and evaluating pain research involving children and adolescents with severe intellectual disability.
LANCET CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Minakshi Raj, Kerry Ryan, Philip Sahr Amara, Paige Nong, Karen Calhoun, M. Grace Trinidad, Daniel Thiel, Kayte Spector-Bagdady, Raymond De Vries, Sharon Kardia, Jodyn Platt
Summary: Precision health offers the promise of advancing clinical care through data-driven and personalized approaches. However, little attention has been given to the values and preferences of patients in the sharing and use of their health information. This study aimed to understand the policy preferences of cancer patients regarding health information sharing and identify the concerns and benefits associated with data sharing.
Letter
Obstetrics & Gynecology
R. De Vries, A. de Jonge, E. Declercq
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Ethics
Scott Y. H. Kim
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Ethics
Scott Y. H. Kim
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Andrew J. Vickers, Emily A. Vertosick, Mia Austria, Christopher D. Gaffney, Sigrid Carlsson, Scott Y. H. Kim, Behfar Ehdaie
Summary: This study compared the effects of one-stage and two-stage informed consent on patient understanding, anxiety, and decisional quality. The results showed that two-stage consent slightly outperformed one-stage consent in terms of patient understanding, while the differences in anxiety and decisional outcomes were small.
Article
Ethics
Isabel Marie Astrachan, Alexander Ruck Keene, Scott Y. H. Kim
Summary: All contemporary frameworks of mental capacity emphasize the need to start from the presumption that an adult has capacity, in order to respect autonomy and prevent evaluator bias and paternalistic behavior. However, there are different interpretations and applications of this presumption that have resulted in harm to vulnerable individuals. Therefore, we should question the presumption of capacity itself.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ETHICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
James Flory, Jessica S. Ancker, Scott Yung Ho Kim, Gilad Kuperman, Andrew Vickers
BMJ EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marieke de Vries, Danique Oostdijk, Kim G. T. Janssen, Raymond de Vries, Jose Sanders
Summary: Dutch midwives value the autonomy of pregnant women in decision-making regarding first-tier use of NIPS. They consider it their task to assess women's awareness of the risks and implications of using or not using NIPS. However, the optimal level of awareness may differ between women and midwives, creating challenges for informed decision-making in midwifery communication.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Noah Berens, David Wasserman, Paul Wakim, Talia Bernhard, Scott Y. H. Kim
Summary: A minority of the US public supports physician-assisted death (PAD) for people with nonterminal illnesses (PAD-NT) in the context of inadequate resources. Support for PAD-NT is lower for mental illness than for physical disability.
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF CONSULTATION-LIAISON PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
