Review
Clinical Neurology
Jing You, Haiyan Huang, Clement T. Y. Chan, Lin Li
Summary: This review article summarizes the latest neuropathological discoveries at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels involving both animal and patient studies, aiming to explore epileptogenesis and highlight new potential targets in the diagnosis and treatment of TLE.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yongxiang Tang, Ling Xiao, Chijun Deng, Haoyue Zhu, Xiaomei Gao, Jian Li, Zhiquan Yang, Dingyang Liu, Li Feng, Shuo Hu
Summary: This study investigated the patterns of metabolic abnormalities using [F-18]FDG PET in MTLE patients with different pathologic types. It was found that MTLE patients with isolated gliosis had the worst prognosis and exhibited significant hypometabolism in the insula. Therefore, hypometabolic regions should be prioritized for presurgical evaluation of MTLE patients rather than focusing solely on metabolic uptake values.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Carolyn Twible, Rober Abdo, Qi Zhang
Summary: The article discusses the impact of epilepsy on approximately 50 million people worldwide, with 60% of adult epilepsies having a focal onset. It delves into the role of astrocytes in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), particularly focusing on histopathological diagnosis, mossy fiber sprouting, and the potential contribution of astrocytes to cellular alterations in TLE patients. The review highlights proposed signaling pathways, cellular mechanisms, histological observations, and clinical correlations in human patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yishu Wang, Jing Peng, Shuwei Bai, Haojun Yu, Hong He, Chunxiang Fan, Yong Hao, Yangtai Guan
Summary: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), the most common form of refractory epilepsy in adults, may require surgery to alleviate seizures. Research suggests that a mutation in the PIK3R2 gene may play a significant role in the development of TLE.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Barbara Guerra Leal, Aurora Barros-Barbosa, Fatima Ferreirinha, Joao Chaves, Rui Rangel, Agostinho Santos, Claudia Carvalho, Ricardo Martins-Ferreira, Raquel Samoes, Joel Freitas, Joao Lopes, Joao Ramalheira, Maria Graca Lobo, Antonio Martins da Silva, Paulo P. Costa, Paulo Correia-de-Sa
Summary: P2X7R overexpression in nerve terminals of MTLE-HS patients is associated with seizures, glial cell activation, cytokines production, GABAergic rundown, and unrestrained glutamatergic excitation. Furthermore, miR-22 serum levels are diminished, especially in patients requiring multiple AED regimens.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Nadim Jaafar, Amar Bhatt, Alexandra Eid, Mohamad Z. Koubeissi
Summary: Some surgical failures after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery may be caused by the presence of extratemporal epileptogenic zones, particularly in the medial parietal lobe. Seizures originating from this area may not cause obvious symptoms before spreading to the temporal lobe.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raluca Ica, Kristina Mlinac-Jerkovic, Katarina Ilic, Tomislav Sajko, Cristian V. A. Munteanu, Alina D. Zamfir, Svjetlana Kalanj-Bognar
Summary: In this study, a high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to evaluate changes in gangliosides in the human hippocampus affected by temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Significant differences in ganglioside expression were observed between TLE and the control, especially in terms of the degree of sialylation. Additionally, specific ganglioside structures were discovered in TLE. Further research is required to confirm these findings and understand the role of gangliosides in the molecular events underlying seizures.
Article
Neurosciences
Cong Huang, Zhipeng You, Yijie He, Jiran Li, Yang Liu, Chunyan Peng, Zhixiong Liu, Xingan Liu, Jiahang Sun
Summary: This study used transcriptome sequencing and proteomics to identify differentially expressed genes and proteins associated with the acute phase of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Machine learning algorithms identified three hub genes, and a diagnostic model for the acute phase of TLE was established.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dahye Kim, June Sic Kim, Woorim Jeong, Min-Sup Shin, Chun Kee Chung
Summary: Selective resection in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy surgery has been shown to effectively preserve postoperative memory function, with specific areas of resection correlating with memory decline. This suggests the importance of selective resection to protect memory function in temporal lobe surgery.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Valeri Borger, Motaz Hamed, Julia Taube, Gulsah Aydin, Inja Ilic, Matthias Schneider, Patrick Schuss, Erdem Guresir, Albert Becker, Christoph Helmstaedter, Christian E. Elger, Hartmut Vatter
Summary: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common form of epilepsy, and about 30% of patients have drug-resistant seizures. This study evaluated the seizure outcomes of patients with drug-refractory TLE who underwent resective temporal lobe surgery (rTLS), finding that the lack of MRI lesions and placement of depth electrodes before surgery were associated with unfavorable postsurgical seizure outcomes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
E. Horeth, J. Bard, M. Che, T. Wrynn, E. A. C. Song, B. Marzullo, M. S. Burke, S. Popat, T. Loree, J. Zemer, J. L. Tapia, J. Frustino, J. M. Kramer, S. Sinha, R. A. Romano
Summary: This study comprehensively characterizes the molecular features and expression profiles of human submandibular gland cells using single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing. It reveals a variety of cell types and provides insights into cell-cell communication and the dynamic process of differentiation.
JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Shengkun Yu, Yifei Gu, Tianyu Wang, Long Mu, Haiyang Wang, Shi Yan, Aoweng Wang, Jiabin Wang, Li Liu, Hong Shen, Meng Na, Zhiguo Lin
Summary: This study revealed the molecular mechanisms of neuronal apoptosis in hippocampal sclerosis of intractable temporal lobe epilepsy patients through RNA sequencing and ceRNA network analysis, establishing a ceRNA network of lncRNA-mediated neuronal apoptosis in HS-TLE.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xi Zhang, Guojun Zhang, Tao Yu, Cuiping Xu, Jin Zhu, Xiaoming Yan, Kai Ma, Runshi Gao
Summary: This study analyzed the surgical outcomes of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) who underwent temporal and insular SEEG recordings. The findings suggest that insular involvement may be associated with failed anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) and poorer seizure outcomes. The study also identified temporal-insular spreading time (TIST) as an independent predictor of postoperative seizure-free outcomes in these patients.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Akos Pakozdy, Peter Halasz, Andrea Klang, Borbala A. Loerincz, Martin J. Schmidt, Ursula Glantschnigg-Eisl, Sophie Binks
Summary: This article summarizes the attention given to feline temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in recent years, stating that epileptic discharges in certain parts of the temporal lobe result in similar symptoms, justifying their grouping under one name. Feline TLE patients often exhibit histopathological changes in the hippocampus. The article aims to not only summarize the clinical features and possible etiology, but also to classify TLE within the veterinary epilepsy classification.
VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivan Ignacio-Mejia, Itzel Jatziri Contreras-Garcia, Julieta Griselda Mendoza-Torreblanca, Omar Noel Medina-Campos, Jose Pedraza-Chaverri, Mercedes Edna Garcia-Cruz, Antonio Romo-Mancillas, Saul Gomez-Manzo, Cindy Bandala, Maria Elena Sanchez-Mendoza, Luz Adriana Pichardo-Macias, Noemi Cardenas-Rodriguez
Summary: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder associated with oxidative stress. Some antiseizure drugs, including levetiracetam, have been found to have neuroprotective and antioxidant properties. This study evaluated the effects of levetiracetam on the oxidant-antioxidant status in the hippocampus of rats with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The results showed that levetiracetam increased antioxidant enzyme activity, reduced hydrogen peroxide levels, and demonstrated scavenging activity against hydroxyl radicals.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aliza B. Rubenstein, J. Matthew Hinkley, Venugopalan D. Nair, German Nudelman, Robert A. Standley, Fanchao Yi, GongXin Yu, Todd A. Trappe, Marcas M. Bamman, Scott W. Trappe, Lauren M. Sparks, Bret H. Goodpaster, Rick B. Vega, Stuart C. Sealfon, Elena Zaslavsky, Paul M. Coen
Summary: Regular endurance exercise can mitigate age-related declines in cardiorespiratory fitness and physical function in older adults. This study examined the transcriptional response to acute endurance exercise in active/endurance-trained and sedentary older adults. Transcript signatures related to oxidative capacity and immune cells were found to be associated with different phenotypic features. The acute response signatures were largely similar among groups, suggesting the beneficial effects of endurance exercise on muscle health in older adults.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Anne Marie Barrette, Halle Ronk, Tanvi Joshi, Zarmeen Mussa, Meenakshi Mehrotra, Alexandros Bouras, German Nudelman, Joe G. Jesu Raj, Dominique Bozec, William Lam, Jane Houldsworth, Raymund Yong, Elena Zaslavsky, Constantinos G. Hadjipanayis, Marc R. Birtwistle, Nadejda M. Tsankova
Summary: In this study, we used the FDA-approved drug Verteporfin (VP) to target YAP-TEAD activity in glioblastoma (GBM) models. The treatment showed efficacy in inhibiting invasion and proliferation, and had a survival benefit.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Melanie Royer, Balagopal Pai, Rohit Menon, Anna Bludau, Katharina Gryksa, Rotem Ben-Tov Perry, Igor Ulitsky, Gunter Meister, Inga D. Neumann
Summary: Social anxiety disorder treatment options are rather unspecific, so it is important to study the traces of social anxiety and find effective treatments for different patients. The study found that specific isoforms of the long non-coding RNA Meg3 are associated with the success or failure of social fear extinction, as well as the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling in relation to social fear extinction.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Susana Ramos, Zarmeen M. Mussa, Elisa N. Falk, Balagopal Pai, Bruno Giotti, Kimaada Allette, Peiwen Cai, Fumiko Dekio, Robert Sebra, Kristin G. Beaumont, Alexander M. Tsankov, Nadejda M. Tsankova
Summary: This study captures the transience and diversity of cells during mid to late prenatal development using human transcriptomics, including glial progenitor signatures.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel G. Chawla, Antonio Cappuccio, Andrea Tamminga, Stuart C. Sealfon, Elena Zaslavsky, Steven H. Kleinstein
Summary: Identification of host transcriptional response signatures is important for infection diagnosis. A framework was developed to evaluate the performance of infection signatures using a large dataset and standardized methodology. The analysis showed that the signatures were generally robust in detecting viral and bacterial infections, but performed less well for asymptomatic and chronic infections, and had cross-reactivity with unintended infections and aging.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonio Cappuccio, Daniel G. Chawla, Xi Chen, Aliza B. Rubenstein, Wan Sze Cheng, Weiguang Mao, Thomas W. Burke, Ephraim L. Tsalik, Elizabeth Petzold, Ricardo Henao, Micah T. McClain, Christopher W. Woods, Maria Chikina, Olga G. Troyanskaya, Stuart C. Sealfon, Steven H. Kleinstein, Elena Zaslavsky
Summary: By applying a multi-objective optimization framework to analyze blood samples from COVID-19 patients, a COVID-19 signature regulated at both transcriptional and epigenetic levels was identified. The robustness of this signature was validated in multiple independent COVID-19 cohorts. Unlike previously reported signatures, this signature showed no cross-reactivity with other infections or comorbidities, and plasmablasts and memory T cells played important roles in the interpretation of the signature.
Correction
Neurosciences
Balagopal Pai, Jessica Tome-Garcia, Wan Sze Cheng, German Nudelman, Kristin G. Beaumont, Saadi Ghatan, Fedor Panov, Elodia Caballero, Kwadwo Sarpong, Lara Marcuse, Jiyeoun Yoo, Yan Jiang, Anne Schaefer, Schahram Akbarian, Robert Sebra, Dalila Pinto, Elena Zaslavsky, Nadejda M. Tsankova
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Balagopal Pai
Summary: Maintaining cellular homeostasis requires precise control of gene expression, with miRNAs playing a crucial role. While our understanding of miRNA biogenesis and function has advanced, different cell types in diverse organisms may have evolved distinct mechanisms for regulating miRNAs. In this issue, Oikawa and colleagues explore the molecular dynamics of miRNAs in adult skeletal muscles, raising intriguing questions for further investigation into alternative mechanisms of miRNA biogenesis.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Zijun Zhang, Natalie Sauerwald, Antonio Cappuccio, Irene Ramos, Venugopalan D. Nair, German Nudelman, Elena Zaslavsky, Yongchao Ge, Angelo Gaitas, Hui Ren, Joel Brockman, Jennifer Geis, Naveen Ramalingam, David King, Micah T. McClain, Christopher W. Woods, Ricardo Henao, Thomas W. Burke, Ephraim L. Tsalik, Carl W. Goforth, Rhonda A. Lizewski, Stephen E. Lizewski, Dawn L. Weir, Andrew G. Letizia, Stuart C. Sealfon, Olga G. Troyanskaya
Summary: Assays detecting blood transcriptome changes are studied for infectious disease diagnosis. Blood-based RNA alternative splicing (AS) events have the potential to be better diagnostic biomarkers compared to gene expression. This study presents a computational framework for developing AS diagnostic biomarkers using SARS-CoV-2 infection data and identifies a major functional AS program switch upon viral infection. AS-based biomarkers are more accurate for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis compared to transcriptome signatures, and microfluidic PCR diagnostic assays achieve nearly perfect test accuracy.
CELL REPORTS METHODS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Natalia Mendelev, Michel Zamojski, Mary Anne S. Amper, Wan Sze Cheng, Hanna Pincas, Venugopalan D. Nair, Elena Zaslavsky, Stuart C. Sealfon, Frederique Ruf-Zamojski
Summary: This article presents a single nucleus multi-omics analysis protocol that can be applied to frozen archived tissue samples to reveal gene regulatory mechanisms. The protocol has the advantages of being applicable to fresh and frozen tissues, avoiding transcriptional changes induced by tissue dissociation, and including an automated quality control pipeline.
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Balagopal Pai, Jessica Tome-Garcia, Wan Cheng, German Nudelman, Robert Sebra, Anne Schaefer, Elena Zaslavsky, Nadejda Tsankova
JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)