Article
Pediatrics
Nadya Yousef, Yogen Singh, Daniele De Luca
Summary: The study introduces a targeted diagnostic ultrasound protocol for rapidly screening common urgent neonatal complications in NICU cases, providing critical information for prompt management.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Theodora Ntetsika, Paraskevi-Evita Papathoma, Ioanna Markaki
Summary: Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease globally, with treatment options currently limited to symptom relief without halting or reversing disease progression. Large biomarker development programs are being carried out to improve patient selection and clinical trial outcome assessment. Research on Parkinson's disease mechanisms and ongoing clinical trials are crucial for future perspectives in the field.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rangaramanujam M. Kannan, Ian Pitha, Kunal S. Parikh
Summary: Vision impairment and loss are major causes of disability, especially due to age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. Current treatments are costly and require repeated clinic visits. Nanotechnology offers a promising solution by providing safe and effective drug delivery to the eye. However, there are limited nanomedicines approved for posterior segment disorders, especially those targeting specific cells or compatible with systemic administration. Targeting cell types that mediate these disorders via systemic administration could greatly improve patient access and outcomes. We highlight the development of hydroxyl polyamidoamine dendrimer-based therapeutics that demonstrate ligand-free cell targeting and are undergoing clinical investigation for wet age-related macular degeneration treatment.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Late Tokgozoglu, Peter Libby
Summary: Lipid risk factors for cardiovascular disease depend on both lifestyle and additional measures for optimum control. Recent genetic findings have identified novel targets for lipid-lowering therapy, providing new avenues for management. New treatments targeting triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and lipoprotein(a) have emerged and shown improved efficacy and tolerability. Gene-editing approaches are also being explored in lipid management.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Octavia Cadassou, Lars Petter Jordheim
Summary: More and more studies are focusing on the complex metabolic characteristics and plasticity of cancer cells. New metabolism-targeting therapeutic strategies, including classical and promising OXPHOS inhibitors (OXPHOSi), are being developed to address these specificities and vulnerabilities. OXPHOSi show limited efficiency as monotherapy but have potential in combination with conventional therapeutic strategies and other innovative approaches.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Instruments & Instrumentation
Muhammad Ikram, M. A. Parvez Mahmud
Summary: TENG-driven self-regulated, on-demand and targeted DDSs have great potential for various applications, but they still face crucial challenges that need to be addressed.
DRUG DELIVERY AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Aamir Raina, Parmeshwar K. Sahu, Rafiul Amin Laskar, Nitika Rajora, Richa Sao, Samiullah Khan, Rais A. Ganai
Summary: Maintenance of genomic integrity is crucial for plant survival due to the lack of reserve germline. Plants possess highly conserved DNA damage repair pathways to counteract external DNA damage, ensuring genomic stability.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christos Damaskos, Nikolaos Garmpis, Dimitrios Dimitroulis, Anna Garmpi, Iason Psilopatis, Panagiotis Sarantis, Evangelos Koustas, Prodromos Kanavidis, Dionysios Prevezanos, Gregory Kouraklis, Michail Karamouzis, Georgios Marinos, Konstantinos Kontzoglou, Efstathios A. Antoniou
Summary: This review article discusses the characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and presents the progress in HCC therapy through targeted therapies. The development of efficient molecular markers and alternative therapeutic targets are emphasized.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Industrial
Eetu Wallius, Ana Carolina Tome Klock, Juho Hamari
Summary: This paper provides a systematic review of motivational technologies in the field of transportation safety. The study finds that these technologies mainly focus on reducing the likelihood and consequences of accidents, and emphasizes the importance of aligning motivational design with cognitive demand and safety improvement measures in transportation tasks. Future research should explore the application of motivational technologies from a system design perspective, covering a wider range of transportation modes, comparing their effects to conventional approaches, and considering social factors.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Business, Finance
Nicholas F. Carline, Oksana Pryshchepa, Bo Wang
Summary: This article investigates how reducing CEO compensation incentives affects managerial playing it safe behavior using the FAS 123R regulation. The study finds that firms affected by the reduction significantly decrease both systematic and idiosyncratic risks, leading to an 8% decline in total firm risk. The reduction in risk is achieved by shifting to safer segments while closing riskier ones, without major changes in investment levels. The findings suggest that a decrease in risk-taking incentives provided by option compensation exacerbates risk-related agency problems when not compensated for by other incentives or governance mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Olivia Aguiar, Sam Sonnega, Eleanor R. DiNuzzo, Michael J. Sheriff
Summary: The study found that risk-induced behavioral responses can increase survival in prey, but with a trade-off to growth.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Shingo Maeda
Summary: The development of next-generation sequencing has greatly enhanced the identification and understanding of molecules involved in diseases, leading to the development of molecular-targeted therapies. Veterinary medicine has also seen success in this field, with the approval of two molecular-targeted drugs for animals, masitinib and toceranib. Toceranib, originally approved for mast cell tumors in dogs, has shown effectiveness in other tumors due to its ability to inhibit molecules involved in angiogenesis.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jenifer Garcia-Fernandez, Maria de la Fuente Freire
Summary: This article introduces the characteristics of exosomes and their application in the field of biomedical research. However, there are still limitations in manufacturing processes, quality control, and clinical studies. In recent years, exosome-like systems based on surface engineering and nanoscale platforms have been developed to overcome these limitations. By combining the latest knowledge of exosome research with promising developments in nanotechnology, innovative targeted anti-cancer therapies can be developed. This article provides a critical overview of the design and testing of innovative exosome-like systems and discusses the most promising modalities that can be translated into the clinic, as well as future perspectives and challenges in this field.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valentina Angerilli, Francesca Galuppini, Gianluca Businello, Luca Dal Santo, Edoardo Savarino, Stefano Realdon, Vincenza Guzzardo, Lorenzo Nicole, Vanni Lazzarin, Sara Lonardi, Fotios Loupakis, Matteo Fassan
Summary: The introduction of precision therapies targeting specific gene mutations in neoplasms is revolutionizing oncology, but resistance mechanisms developed by tumors pose challenges to the effectiveness of these drugs over time. Identifying indicators for monitoring and overcoming drug resistance is crucial. MicroRNAs, as stable molecules easily detectable in tissues and biofluids, are ideal biomarkers for identifying patients with resistance to targeted therapies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yinxing Zhu, Xuedan Zhu, Xiaowei Wei, Cuiju Tang, Wenwen Zhang
Summary: Molecular targeted therapy focusing on the HER-2 signaling pathway in gastric cancer has gained attention, with trastuzumab being the only approved drug for HER-2 positive advanced gastric cancer. Ongoing research is developing novel HER2-targeted drugs, and clinical trials are exploring various approaches to overcome resistance and improve treatment outcomes for HER2-positive gastric cancer patients.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Mariaserena Giliberto, Deepak B. Thimiri Govinda Raj, Andrea Cremaschi, Sigrid S. Skanland, Alexandra Gade, Geir E. Tjonnfjord, Fredrik Schjesvold, Ludvig A. Munthe, Kjetil Tasken
Summary: The management of multiple myeloma (MM) is challenging, and personalized testing tools are required to determine drug sensitivities. In this study, a drug testing pipeline was established to examine ex vivo drug responses in MM cells from 44 patients. Variability in drug responses and synergistic effects of certain drug combinations were observed.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Katrine Melvold, Mariaserena Giliberto, Linda Karlsen, Pilar Ayuda-Duran, Robert Hanes, Toril Holien, Jorrit Enserink, Jennifer R. Brown, Geir E. Tjonnfjord, Kjetil Tasken, Sigrid S. Skanland
Summary: Novel therapeutic strategy combining MEK inhibitors with Bcl-2 antagonist venetoclax shows potential for high-risk CLL patients, while MM cells also display sensitivity to this combination treatment. However, MCL cells are unresponsive to MEK inhibition. High expression of antiapoptotic proteins Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL predicts low sensitivity to trametinib + venetoclax, and co-treatment with inhibitors of these proteins can overcome low sensitivity. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of MEK/Bcl-2 inhibition in leukemia and myeloma, with protein expression levels serving as predictive biomarkers for treatment sensitivities.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
John F. Imbery, Julia Heinzelbecker, Jenny K. Jebsen, Marc McGowan, Camilla Myklebust, Nunzio Bottini, Stephanie M. Stanford, Sigrid S. Skanland, Anders Tveita, Geir E. Tjonnfjord, Ludvig A. Munthe, Peter Szodoray, Britt Nakken
Summary: Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is a malignancy characterized by mature B cells. Emerging evidence shows that CLL cells proliferate in response to T-helper (Th) cells in a CD40L-dependent manner. The study demonstrates that Th cells upregulate CD45 activity in CLL cells, leading to enhanced downstream antigen receptor signaling and proliferation. The increased expression of Galectin-1 and CD43, both of which are involved in CD45 regulation, was also observed. Targeting Galectin-1 or CD43 could dampen CD45 activity and CLL cell proliferation. These findings suggest that modulation of CD45 phosphatase activity could be a potential therapeutic target in CLL.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Hematology
Sigrid S. Skanland, Marit Inngjerdingen, Henrik Bendiksen, Jamie York, Signe Spetalen, Ludvig A. Munthe, Geir E. Tjonnfjord
Review
Hematology
Sigrid S. Skanland, Jennifer R. Brown
Summary: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors have shown efficacy in CLL, but their use is limited due to severe toxicity and availability of more tolerable agents. Optimizing the administration of current PI3K inhibitors and developing next-generation agents is important to improve tolerability. Strategies to overcome limitations include intermittent dosing and combination with other agents, as well as identifying biomarkers to personalize treatment decisions.
Review
Hematology
Julia H. Aronson, Sigrid S. Skanland, Lindsey E. Roeker, Meghan C. Thompson, Anthony R. Mato
Summary: With the increase of survival time for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the unmet treatment need for patients who have failed multiple treatment lines has become evident. This article discusses the definition of double refractory patients who are resistant to both BTKi and venetoclax, and the current landscape and promising new agents for managing this patient population.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yanping Yin, Paschalis Athanasiadis, Linda Karlsen, Aleksandra Urban, Haifeng Xu, Ishwarya Murali, Stacey M. Fernandes, Alberto J. Arribas, Abdul K. Hilli, Kjetil Tasken, Francesco Bertoni, Anthony R. Mato, Emmanuel Normant, Jennifer R. Brown, Geir E. Tjonnfjord, Tero Aittokallio, Sigrid S. Skanland
Summary: This study analyzes the activity and cellular effects of PI3K inhibitors in CLL, finds novel treatment vulnerabilities, and suggests that ex vivo functional profiling can stratify PI3Ki responders.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Asmund Flobak, Sigrid S. Skanland, Eivind Hovig, Kjetil Tasken, Hege G. Russnes
Summary: Functional precision medicine is an emerging field that can guide cancer treatment by capturing information from direct perturbations of tumor-derived cells. The current approach in precision cancer medicine is largely driven by genomics, but genomic biomarkers can only guide treatment decisions for a fraction of patients. This review provides an overview of functional precision medicine, highlights advances in drug sensitivity screening using cell culture models, and discusses the integration of artificial intelligence to guide patient stratification.
TRENDS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Hematology
Elisa Fiorito, Roman Generalov, Stian Foss, Helen Heyerdahl, Ada Repetto-Llamazares, Veronique Pascal, Geir E. Tjonnfjord, Sigrid Strand Skanland, Jan Terje Andersen, Jostein Dahle
Article
Hematology
Deyi Zhang, Hailey M. Harris, Jonathan Chen, Jen Judy, Gabriella James, Aileen Kelly, Joel McIntosh, Austin Tenn-McClellan, Eileen Ambing, Ying Siow Tan, Hao Lu, Stefan Gajewski, Matthew C. Clifton, Stephanie Yung, Daniel W. Robbins, Mehdi Pirooznia, Sigrid S. Skanland, Erika Gaglione, Maissa Mhibik, Chingiz Underbayev, Inhye E. Ahn, Clare Sun, Sarah E. M. Herman, Mark Noviski, Adrian Wiestner
Summary: BTK is crucial for CLL signaling and covalent inhibitors have been commonly used. However, resistance due to C481 mutations is common. NRX-0492, a noncovalent BTK degrader, effectively degrades both wild-type and C481 mutant BTK, providing a potential solution for overcoming BTK inhibitor resistance.
Article
Cell Biology
Johanne U. Hermansen, Yanping Yin, Aleksandra Urban, Camilla V. Myklebust, Linda Karlsen, Katrine Melvold, Anders A. Tveita, Kjetil Tasken, Ludvig A. Munthe, Geir E. Tjonnfjord, Sigrid S. Skanland
Summary: The microenvironment of CLL cells plays a crucial role in their survival, proliferation, and drug resistance. A model has been developed that can replicate this microenvironment and is compatible with drug sensitivity screens. This model has been used to identify treatment vulnerabilities and guide precision medicine for CLL patients.
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Hematology
Lavinia Arseni, Gianluca Sigismondo, Johanne U. Hermansen, Sigrid S. Skanland, Eugen Tausch, Stephan Stilgenbauer, Jeroen Krijgsveld, Peter Lichter, Marc Zapatka, Martina Seiffert