Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Thomas W. Cowell, Andrew Dobria, Hee-Sun Han
Summary: This study demonstrates that double emulsion (DE) drops can address the instability issue of single emulsion (SE) drops and prevent content mixing. A simple DE drop maker is also developed, allowing for the production of single-core DEs at various flow rates and better control over shell thickness. DE drops show excellent stability during thermal cycling and maintain the monodispersity throughout the workflow. DE drops have advantages for multistep reactions due to their resistance to content mixing.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Siying Lin, Lingjing Mao, Jiaxu Ying, Nicolas Berthet, Jia Zhou, Antoine Riaud
Summary: This paper presents a simple, convenient, and user-friendly method for converting single emulsions into double emulsions using vortex mixers. The authors studied the effects of vortex speed, vortex duration, and the number of vortex/flick cycles on the properties of the double emulsions. Interesting phenomena, such as droplet breakup and the production of inverted double emulsion droplets, were observed.
MICROFLUIDICS AND NANOFLUIDICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hye-Seon Jeong, Eunseo Kim, Jong Pil Park, Sei-Jung Lee, Hyomin Lee, Chang Hyung Choi
Summary: We developed PNIPAm-co-PEGDA hydrogel shelled microcapsules with a thin oil layer for tunable thermo-responsive release of small hydrophilic actives. By using a microfluidic device integrated with a temperature-controlled chamber, we were able to consistently produce the microcapsules using triple emulsion drops as capsule templates. The presence of an interstitial oil layer between the aqueous core and the hydrogel shell allowed for controlled release of the encapsulated substances upon reaching a critical temperature. Additionally, the incorporation of gold nanorods in the hydrogel shell enables spatiotemporal regulation of the active release using near infrared light.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Amirmohammad Sattari, Nishat Tasnim, Pedram Hanafizadeh, Mina Hoorfar
Summary: This paper presents a parametric study on a dual co-axial microfluidic device for creating compound droplets using numerical simulation. The outer phase parameters were found to have the most significant influence on double emulsion characteristics. Adjusting non-dimensional parameters allows for easy adaptation of the size of both the inner and outer droplets.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING-PROCESS INTENSIFICATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhou Yang, Xuehu Ma, Shudong Wang, Dingsheng Liu
Summary: This study utilized numerical simulation to investigate the generation and evolution of double emulsions. By analyzing the velocity fields and characteristic parameters, a better understanding of the underlying physics of double emulsion preparation can be achieved.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Magdalena A. Czekalska, Anne M. J. Jacobs, Zenon Toprakcioglu, Lingling Kong, Kevin N. Baumann, Hongze Gang, Greta Zubaite, Ruqiang Ye, Bozhong Mu, Aviad Levin, Wilhelm T. S. Huck, Tuomas P. J. Knowles
Summary: This article introduces a robust method for dynamically controlling the generation of Multisomes with controllable sizes and high monodispersity from lipid-based double emulsions. The microfluidic approach involves using three different phases to form a water/oil/water (W/O/W) double emulsion stabilized by lipid layers. By applying a glycerol concentration gradient between the inner core and outer phase to drive directed osmosis, small aqueous daughter droplets can be formed at the interface of the inner aqueous core. By adjusting the glycerol concentration in the outer aqueous phase and varying the osmotic gradient, key structural parameters such as the size of the internal droplets can be specifically controlled. Finally, it is demonstrated that this method can be used to generate Multisomes encapsulating small-molecule cargo, with potential applications in synthetic biology, drug delivery, and as carriers for active materials in the food and cosmetics industries.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dege Li, Yi Cao, Bingfang Huang, Molong Han, Xinlei Wu, Qiang Sun, Chao Zheng, Lilong Zhao, Chi Ma, Hui Jin, Xiaolong Wang, Yonghong Liu, Yanzhen Zhang
Summary: This study introduces a new technique for actively generating femtoliter droplets in microfluidic systems using confined interfacial vibration (CIV), different from traditional methods. The volume of the droplets can be customized by controlling the intensity of the vibration.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Batool Hoseinpour, Hamid Reza Ashorynejad, Ali Sarreshtehdari
Summary: This study investigates Lab-On-Disk platforms using numerical methods, specifically focusing on droplet generation in a T-junction. The results show that factors such as Bond number and geometric parameters play a significant role in droplet formation, while viscosity ratio has a limited effect.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhefei Yang, Deborah Snyder, Ashlin Sathyan, Anna Balazs, Todd Emrick
Summary: This article reviews the latest advances in smart emulsion droplets, with a focus on the applications of organic, polymer, and/or particle surfactants in inter-droplet communication, controlled delivery, autonomous motion, and tunable emulsion inversion. The authors emphasize the importance of reactive and functional surfactants and the interplay between materials science and biology.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Junyi Chen, Shaoqi Huang, Yan Long, Kan Wang, Yangtai Guan, Lianping Hou, Bo Dai, Songlin Zhuang, Dawei Zhang
Summary: Droplet-based microfluidics has great potential in various applications, and this paper introduces a modular microfluidic system using 3D printing technology for droplet generation. The system allows flexible control of droplet size and generation rate by adjusting flow rates. It is a promising candidate for chemical and biological applications.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Kailiang Zhang, Fangyuan Xing, Jiuqing Liu, Zhijie Xie
Summary: This paper presents a method for effective on-chip droplet generation, splitting, and switching using controllable hydrodynamics. A two-dimensional simulation model based on the phase-field method is established to analyze the hydrodynamic droplet manipulation behaviors. The numerical results show that the droplets can be generated with controlled sizes and can realize on-demand splitting and switching.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kailiang Zhang, Yukun Ren, Tianyi Jiang, Hongyuan Jiang
Summary: This study presents a universal method for the integrated manipulation of double-emulsion droplet carriers, enabling efficient cargo transportation and targeted release. The method utilizes thermal fields to control microcarrier migration, core release, and released particle focusing. Systematic experiments validate the practical usability of this technique for various applications.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sten ten Klooster, Claire Berton-Carabin, Karin Schroen
Summary: Microfluidic emulsification has the potential to produce emulsions with controlled droplet sizes. To support upscaling, guidelines were provided based on the performance of Upscale Partitioned EDGE (UPE) devices using rapeseed oil and whey proteins. The results showed that the choice of channel dimensions, droplet formation pressure range, and ingredients can significantly affect productivity, with the UPE devices outperforming other reported devices. These findings and design guidelines are important for the development of food emulsions prepared with microfluidics.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hye-Seon Jeong, Eunseo Kim, Changwoo Nam, Yoon Choi, You-Jeong Lee, David A. Weitz, Hyomin Lee, Chang-Hyung Choi
Summary: A hydrogel microcapsule with an intermediate thin oil layer is developed for smart release of diverse cargoes triggered by stimuli. The oil layer acts as an effective diffusion barrier, allowing encapsulation of various small cargoes within a porous hydrogel shell until a stimulus destabilizes the oil layer for on-demand release.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hao Wu, Tianyi Jiang, Shanguo Zhang, Ming Li, Jingzhuo Zhou, Mengya Zhu, Juzheng Chen, Ziyong Li, Yang Lu, Hongyuan Jiang
Summary: This study proposes an off-chip osmosis-induced hydrodynamic method to accurately regulate the eccentricity of water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion droplets. By rational selection of hypertonic osmosis, the droplet core can be repositioned to align concentrically with the shell, achieving fine geometric homogeneity in microcapsules.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jinyu Shi, Peng Zhu, Shuangfei Zhao, Cong Xu, Fanyuhui Yan, Ruiqi Shen, Huanming Xia, Hanyu Jiang, Siyu Xu, Fengqi Zhao
Summary: The study introduces a microfluidic strategy for the spheroidization of explosives with micro/nano hierarchical structure, which includes a spheroidization model and verification experiments. The strategy was found to be applicable for achieving high-quality spheroidization and continuous preparation of explosives with micro/nano hierarchical structure.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Liang Zhu, Zhenfeng Wang, Huanming Xia, Hanry Yu
Summary: The study introduces a novel vertical-flow bioreactor (VfB) that is able to mimic the mechanical microenvironment in vivo and enhance hepatic functions in a 2D culture setup. By optimizing the design and fabrication of VfB as a prototype for drug testing, the enhanced hepatic function is demonstrated, showcasing the performance of the bioreactor.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Fanyuhui Yan, Peng Zhu, Shuangfei Zhao, Jinyu Shi, Yunfei Mu, Huanming Xia, Ruiqi Shen
Summary: A microfluidic crystallization system (MCS) was proposed in this study to control and optimize the crystallization environment of polymer bonded explosives (PBXs), resulting in PBXs with narrow particle size distribution and high crystal quality. Furthermore, the anti-overload performance of four different PBXs was evaluated through air gun experiments, confirming their stability under strong external dynamic load conditions.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Y. T. Duan, C. Y. Mao, Y. Y. Zhang, D. Z. Wang, H. M. Xia
Summary: The paper presents a simple, automatic, and cost-effective method for microfluidic metering and transport, utilizing geometric metering method and hydrophobic valves to improve accuracy, and designing on-chip Bernoulli pump and pulse width modulation scheme. Testing results show high accuracy in liquid metering and transport.
MICROFLUIDICS AND NANOFLUIDICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
J. M. Wang, Q. Q. Jin, Y. Y. Zhang, H. C. Fang, H. M. Xia
Summary: Membrane fouling is a major obstacle in membrane filtration processes, and a passive fluidic oscillator has been shown to effectively reduce fouling and improve permeate flux. By generating a pulsating flow, the oscillator mitigates concentration polarization, prevents clogging, and inhibits fouling layer formation. Additionally, it has the potential to be applied in existing filtration systems without increasing complexity.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Y. Z. Chu, J. F. Chen, H. M. Xia
Summary: This study improves the capturing efficiency of Procalcitonin (PCT) antigen by using an aeroelastic agitator that produces chaotic advection to enhance fluid mixing. The performance of the agitator is compared with an ultrasonic mixer, and the results show that chaotic mixing significantly improves PCT detection consistency and reliability.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jinyu Shi, Peng Zhu, Jianzhe Liu, Ruiqi Shen, Huanming Xia, Hanyu Jiang, Siyu Xu, Fengqi Zhao
Summary: This study proposes a method to prepare composite energetic microspheres with core-shell structures using oscillating-swirling-coflowing microfluidics and spray drying. The experimental results demonstrate that the superior core-shell structure and spheroidization can be achieved under the cocoating method, and the sensitivity and burning rate of the sample are significantly improved under optimized conditions.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Meng Wang, Huanming Xia, Li Zhu, Yanyin Zhang
Summary: This work demonstrates an active approach using pulsatile perturbations to control gas-liquid slug flow. By applying a rotating valve to produce high-frequency pulsating air flow, either Taylor bubbles or liquid-in-gas droplets can be generated in a hydrophilic or hydrophobic channel, respectively. The gas and liquid slug lengths can be independently tuned via the air inlet pressure and the liquid flow rate, providing an efficient method to regulate gas-liquid slug flow in multiphase microreactors or microfluidic analytical systems.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yanyin Zhang, Jiamin Wang, Jiawei Wu, Huanming Xia
Summary: In this study, the control of droplet generation through pulsatile continuous-phase flow is numerically investigated. Different modes of droplet generation and their underlying mechanisms are identified. This method is significant for improving control and manipulation of droplet microfluidic systems.
ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Chaochao Yuan, Qinqin Gu, Hongchun Fang, Huanming Xia
Summary: The preparation of aluminum phosphate (AP) adjuvant through a microfluidic approach is investigated, using a chaotic micromixer to enhance the mixing between the reactants. The effects of magnetic stirring and continuous-flow shearing during the settling of the AP precipitate are compared. The method provides better control over the particle size distribution, with tunable median particle size and uniformity index.
MICROFLUIDICS AND NANOFLUIDICS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
J. W. Wu, H. M. Xia, Z. P. Wang, W. Wang, H. J. Du
Summary: The study demonstrates how the performance of a hydroelastic microfluidic oscillator can be analyzed using a simple equivalent circuit model, where the performance is mainly determined by a bias fluidic resistor and a pressure variant resistor. Numerical study also examines the effects of key design factors on the device robustness, applicable fluid viscosity, flow rate, and transition pressure.
ADVANCES IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jue-yong Ning, Jin-bo Liu, Jian-zhe Liu, Qing-hua Zhang, Wen-quan Zhang, Huan-ming Xia, Rui-qi Shen, Peng Zhu
Summary: A multi-parallel recrystallization system based on microfluidic technology was established for rapid screening of recrystallization conditions and small-batch preparation of high-quality explosives, showing effective preparation of various explosives with high-quality crystal morphology.
ENERGETIC MATERIALS FRONTIERS
(2021)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
H. M. Xia, J. W. Wu, J. J. Zheng, J. Zhang, Z. P. Wang
Summary: Microfluidic flow is typically laminar, but at intermediate Reynolds numbers, weak-inertia flow regimes with secondary flows such as Dean vortices can be accessed through microfluidic manipulations. Nonlinear factors like non-Newtonian fluid properties, concurrent flow of dissimilar fluids, compliant fluidic structures, etc., can also affect flow behaviors.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jinyu Shi, Peng Zhu, Shuangfei Zhao, Ruiqi Shen, Huanming Xia, Hanyu Jiang, Siyu Xu
REACTION CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mengmeng Guo, Na Luo, Yueling Bai, Zhenggang Xue, Qingmin Hu, Jiaqiang Xu
Summary: A porous heterostructure WO3-C/In2O3 was designed and prepared for a miniature H2 sensor, which showed higher response value, lower operating temperature, fast response-recovery speed, and low limit of detection.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Feng Hu, Hui Hu, Yuting Li, Xiaohui Wang, Xiaowen Shi
Summary: Arsenic contamination in water bodies is a significant health risk. This study developed a chitosan-catechol modified electrode for rapid and accurate detection of trace amounts of arsenic. The modified electrode demonstrated good detection capability and resistance to ionic interference, making it suitable for in situ detection.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yantao Zhang, Qian Liu, Tao Tian, Chunhua Xu, Pengli Yang, Lianju Ma, Yi Hou, Hui Zhou, Yongjun Gan
Summary: In this study, a lysosome-targeting buffering fluorogenic probe (Lyso-BFP) was designed and synthesized, demonstrating excellent photostability, pH specificity, and responsiveness to lysosomal acidification in living cells. The performance of Lyso-BFP in pH sensing was attributed to the inhibition of the photo-induced electron transfer process. Lyso-BFP allowed for wash-free imaging and long-term real-time monitoring of lysosome pH changes based on its off-on fluorescence behavior and buffer strategy.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Wei Cai, Wenbo Sun, Jiayue Wang, Xiaokui Huo, Xudong Cao, Xiangge Tian, Xiaochi Ma, Lei Feng
Summary: In this study, a near-infrared fluorescent probe HCBG was developed for imaging of alpha-GLC. HCBG exhibited excellent selectivity and sensitivity towards alpha-GLC in complex bio-samples, and showed good cell permeability for in situ real-time imaging. Through the high-throughput screening system established by HCBG, a natural alpha-GLC inhibitor was successfully isolated and identified. This study provides a novel fluorescence visualization tool for discovering and exploring the biological functions of diabetes-related gut microbiota, and a high-throughput screening approach for alpha-GLC inhibitor.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Trey W. Pittman, Xi Zhang, Chamindie Punyadeera, Charles S. Henry
Summary: Heart failure is a growing epidemic and a significant clinical and public health problem. Researchers have developed a portable and affordable diagnostic device for heart failure that can be used at the point-of-care, providing a valid alternative to current diagnostics approaches.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Anders O. Tjell, Barbara Jud, Roland Schaller-Ammann, Torsten Mayr
Summary: An optical hydrogen peroxide sensor based on catalytic degradation and the detection of produced oxygen is presented. The sensor offers higher resolution and better sensitivity at lower H2O2 concentrations. By removing O2 from the sample solution, a more sensitive O2 sensor can be used for measurement. The sensor has been successfully applied in a flow-through cell to measure H2O2 concentration in different flow rates.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Seong Jae Kim, Ji-hun Jeong, Gaabhin Ryu, Yoon Sick Eom, Sanha Kim
Summary: Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a high-sensitivity, label-free detection method with various analytical applications. Researchers have developed a hydrophobic SERS substrate based on engineered carbon nanotube arrays (CNT-SERS) and studied the role of structural design at both micro and nanoscales. The substrate demonstrated controlled self-enrichment capability and enhanced sensitivity, with a significant increase in the SERS signal. The study also proposed a theoretical model and a concentration strategy inspired by plants for analyte deposition on microarrays.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Dan Zhao, Renjun Jiang, Xiaoqiang Liu, Subbiah Alwarappan
Summary: In this study, a novel ternary composite material was constructed by assembling cerium vanadate nanorods on reduced graphene oxide-microcrystalline cellulose nanosheets, and it was used for real-time monitoring of the concentration of superoxide anions in vivo. The ternary composite showed excellent conductivity, large surface area, and abundant active sites, leading to a wider linear range, high sensitivity, low detection limit, and fast response time for superoxide anion detection.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tengfei Wang, Liwen Wang, Guang Wu, Dating Tian
Summary: In this study, a covalent organic framework material TaTp-COF with porous and uniform spheres was successfully prepared via hydrothermal reaction, and it was found to significantly enhance the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) of berberine. The unique emission properties of berberine on TaTp-COF were studied and utilized for the sensitive detection of berberine.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lin Li, Yilei Ding, Lei Xu, Shuoran Chen, Guoliang Dai, Pengju Han, Lixin Lu, Changqing Ye, Yanlin Song
Summary: In this study, a novel TTI based on a ratiometric fluorescent nanosensor is designed, which has the advantages of high accuracy and low cost. Experimental and theoretical investigations confirm its pH responsiveness and demonstrate its good sensitivity and reliability. By monitoring the total volatile basic nitrogen, this TTI can accurately predict food spoilage and can be adaptively modified for different types of food. The TTI based on this nanosensor enables visual monitoring of food quality.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Fangju Chen, Xueting Wang, Wei Chen, Chenwen Shao, Yong Qian
Summary: Lung cancer is the second most common malignant tumor worldwide. Drug resistance in lung cancer leads to treatment failure and recurrence in majority of patients. This study developed a fluorescent prodrug that can be activated in cancer cells to release drugs, and its signal can be tracked by imaging. It shows a unique autophagy-driven ferroptosis effect, indicating its potential for targeting drug-resistant cancer cells.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Weichao Li, Qiming Yuan, Zhangcheng Xia, Xiaoxue Ma, Lifang He, Ling Jin, Xiangfeng Chu, Kui Zhang
Summary: This study developed a high-performance gas sensor for formaldehyde detection by modifying ZnSnO3 with ZnO QDs and SnO2 QDs. The modified sensor showed improved sensing response and lower working temperature. The presence of ZnO QDs formed rich heterojunctions, increased surface area, and provided oxygen deficiency for formaldehyde sensing reaction, thus enhancing the sensor performance. This research provides an alternative method to enhance the sensing properties of MOS by QDs modification.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Joung-Il Moon, Eun Jung Choi, Younju Joung, Jin-Woo Oh, Sang-Woo Joo, Jaebum Choo
Summary: A novel nanoplasmonic substrate was developed for biomedical applications, which showed strong hot spots for detecting biomarkers at low concentrations. The substrate, called AuNPs@M13, was made by immobilizing 60 nm gold nanoparticles onto the surface of an M13 bacteriophage scaffold. It demonstrated higher sensitivity and lower limit of detection compared to commercially available assays.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ning Li, Ya Zhang, Ying Xu, Xiaofang Liu, Jian Chen, Mei Yang, Changjun Hou, Danqun Huo
Summary: The molecular subtype of breast cancer guides treatment and drug selection. Invasive tests can promote cancer cell metastasis, so the development of high-performance, low-cost diagnostic tools for cancer prognosis is crucial. Liquid biopsy techniques enable noninvasive, real-time, dynamic, multicomponent, quantitative, and long-term observations at the cellular, genetic, and molecular levels. A Cu-Zr metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoenzyme with monatomic Cu attachment has been synthesized and proven to have high catalytic performance. The sensor constructed using this nanoenzyme shows potential for accurate classification of breast cancer serum samples.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jeongmin Kim, Hyemin Kim, Seunghyun Park, Hyeonaug Hong, Yong Jae Kim, Jiyong Lee, Jaeho Kim, Seung-Woo Cho, Wonhyoung Ryu
Summary: This study presents a method to fabricate independently functioning microneedle (MN) electrodes with narrow intervals for high precision electrochemical sensing. The optimized mixture of photocurable polymer and single-wall carbon nanotubes was used to mold single composite MNs, which were then attached to pre-patterned electrodes. Plasma etching and electropolymerization were performed to enhance the electrochemical activity, and Prussian blue and glucose oxidase were electrodeposited on the MNs for glucose detection. The MN electrodes showed good sensitivity and linearity, and the feasibility of glucose detection was demonstrated in an in vivo mouse study.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
